1、2022年考博英语-江苏大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题The Constitution guarantees that private homes will not be searched without a written warrant.问题1选项A.documentB.prescriptionC.receiptD.writ【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. document文件；公文 B. prescription处方；药方C. receipt收据；收条 D. writ（法庭的）令状，书面命令【考查点】名词辨析。【解题思路】根据The Constitution（宪法）
2、可知，warrant应该与法律相关，根据宾语从句内容“私人住宅不会被搜查”可推知，written warrant是指书面的搜查令，warrant指“授权令”，D项词义与之相近，故该题选择D项。【干扰项排除】A、B、C项词义不符合句中所选词汇。【句意】宪法保证，在没有书面搜查令的情况下，私人住宅不会被搜查。2. 单选题The modern huge building looks _ in that old-fashioned village.问题1选项A.immeasurableB.inopportuneC.incongruousD.importunate【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. im
3、measurable不可估量的；无限的 B. inopportune不合时宜的C. incongruous不合适的；不相称的 D. importunate再三要求的；纠缠不休的【考查点】形容词辨析。【解题思路】按照句意“这座现代化的巨大建筑看起来_在那个老式的村庄里”可知，现代建筑和老式房屋是不相协调的，所以空格处表示“不协调的，不相称的”符合句意，故该题选择C项。【干扰项排除】A、B、D项不符合句意。【句意】这座现代化的高楼大厦在那个老式村庄里显得很不协调。3. 不定项选择题It is often claimed that nuclear energy is something we can
4、not do without. We live in a consumer society where there is an enormous demand for commercial products of all kinds. Moreover, an increase in industrial production is considered to be one solution to the problem of mass unemployment. Such an increase presumes an abundant and cheap energy supply. Ma
5、ny people believe that nuclear energy provides an inexhaustible and economical source of power and chat it is therefore essential for an industrially developing society. There are a number of other advantages in the use of nuclear energy. Firstly, nuclear power, except for accidents, is clean. A fur
6、ther advantage is that a nuclear power station can be run and maintained by relatively few technical and administrative staff. The nuclear reactor represents an enormous step in our scientific evolution and, whatever the anti-nuclear group says, it is wrong to expect a return to more primitive sourc
7、es of fuel. However, opponents of nuclear energy point out that nuclear power stations bring a direct threat not only to the environment but also to civil liberties.Furthermore, it is questionable whether ultimately nuclear power is a cheap source of energy. There have, for example, been very costly
8、 accidents in America, in Britain and, of course, in Russia. The possibility of increases in the cost of uranium in addition to the cost of greater safety provisions could price nuclear power out of the market. In the long run, environmentalists argue, nuclear energy wastes valuable resources and di
9、sturbs the ecology to an extent which could bring about the destruction of the human race. Thus, if we wish to survive, we cannot afford nuclear energy. In spite of the case against nuclear energy outlined above, nuclear energy programs are expanding. Such an expansion assumes a continual growth in
10、industrial production and consumer demands. However, it is doubtful whether this growth will or can continue. Having weighed up the arguments on both sides, it seems there are good economic and ecological reasons for sources of energy other than nuclear power.1. The writers attitude toward nuclear e
11、nergy is _.2. According to the opponents of nuclear energy, which of the following is TRUE of nuclear energy?3. Some people claim that nuclear energy is essential because _.4. Which of the following statements does the writer support?5. The function of the last sentence is to _.问题1选项A.indifferentB.f
12、avorableC.tolerantD.negative问题2选项A.Primitive.B.Exhaustible.C.Cheap.D.Unsafe.问题3选项A.it provides a perfect solution to mass unemploymentB.it represents an enormous step forward in our scientific evolutionC.it can meet the growing demand of an industrially developing societyD.nuclear power stations can
13、 be run and maintained by relatively few technical and administrative staff问题4选项A.The demand for commercial products will not necessarily keep increasing.B.Nuclear energy is something we cannot do without.C.Uranium is a good source of energy for economic and ecological reasons.D.Greater safety provi
14、sions can bring about the expansion of nuclear energy programs.问题5选项A.advance the final argumentB.reflect the writers attitudeC.reverse previously expressed thoughtsD.show the disadvantages of nuclear power【答案】第1题:D第2题:D第3题:C第4题:A第5题:B【解析】1.【选项释义】1. The writers attitude toward nuclear energy is _. 1
15、 作者对核能的态度是_。A. indifferent A. 漠不关心的B. favorable B. 支持的C. tolerant C. 宽容的D. negative D. 否定的【考查点】观点态度题。【解题思路】根据第二段首句“此外，核能最终是否是一种廉价的能源也是个问题”，和最后一句“权衡双方的论点后，似乎有充分的经济和生态理由采用核能以外的能源”可知，作者主张利用其他能源，而不是核能，从中可以看出作者对核能持否定的态度，该题选择D项“否定的”符合题意。【干扰项排除】A项“漠不关心的”、B项“支持的”和C项“宽容的”根据解题思路可知，这三项属于曲解原文。2.【选项释义】2. Accord
16、ing to the opponents of nuclear energy, which of the following is TRUE of nuclear energy? 2. 根据核能的反对者，关于核能，下列哪项是正确的？A. Primitive. A. 原始的B. Exhaustible. B. 会枯竭的C. Cheap. C. 便宜的D. Unsafe. D. 不安全的【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据第一段最后一句“然而，核能的反对者指出，核电站不仅给环境带来直接威胁，也给公民自由带来直接威胁”可知，核能反对者认为核电站不仅对环境，而且对公民自由都是一种直接的威胁，即核能不
17、安全，故该题选择D项“不安全的”。【干扰项排除】A项“原始的”、B项“会枯竭的”和C项“便宜的”不是反对者的观点，这三项属于曲解原文。3.【选项释义】3. Some people claim that nuclear energy is essential because _. 3. 一些人认为核能是必不可少的，因为_。A. it provides a perfect solution to mass unemployment A. 它为大规模失业提供了一个完美的解决方案B. it represents an enormous step forward in our scientific ev
18、olution B. 它代表着我们科学发展的巨大进步C. it can meet the growing demand of an industrially developing society C. 它能满足工业发展中社会日益增长的需求D. nuclear power stations can be run and maintained by relatively few technical and administrative staff D. 核电站可以由相对较少的技术和管理人员来运行和维护【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据第一段第五句“许多人认为核能提供了一种取之不尽的、经济的能源
19、因此它对一个工业发展的社会是必不可少的”可知，核能是社会工业发展所必需的，可以提供取之不尽且经济的能源，C项“它能满足工业发展中社会日益增长的需求”符合题意。【干扰项排除】A项“它为大规模失业提供了一个完美的解决方案”，解决大规模失业问题的一个途径是提高工业生产，而不是核能，该项属于曲解原文；B项“它代表着我们科学发展的巨大进步”和D项“核电站可以由相对较少的技术和管理人员来运行和维护”是支持使用核能者认为的核能的优点，与题干不构成因果关系，这两项属于张冠李戴。4.【选项释义】4. Which of the following statements does the writer suppo
20、rt? 4. 作者支持以下哪一种说法？A. The demand for commercial products will not necessarily keep increasing. A. 对商业产品的需求不一定会持续增长。B. Nuclear energy is something we cannot do without. B. 我们离不开核能。C. Uranium is a good source of energy for economic and ecological reasons. C. 从经济和生态的角度来看，铀是一种很好的能源。D. Greater safety pro
21、visions can bring about the expansion of nuclear energy programs. D. 更好的安全条款可以带来更多的核能项目。【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】第二段倒数第二、三句提到“这种扩张是以工业生产和消费者需求的持续增长为前提的。然而，这种增长能否持续还是个疑问。”从中可知，工业生产和消费者需求的增长是否能够持续，还令人怀疑，所以A项“对商业产品的需求不一定会持续增长”符合题意。【干扰项排除】B项“我们离不开核能”是支持使用核能者的观点，不是作者的观点，该项属于张冠李戴；C项“从经济和生态的角度来看，铀是一种很好的能源”和D项“更好的安
22、全条款可以带来更多的核能项目”，根据第二段第三句“铀的成本可能会增加，再加上加强安全措施的成本，这可能会以高昂的价格将核电挤出市场”可知，这两项与原文相反，属于反向干扰。5.【选项释义】5. The function of the last sentence is to _. 5. 最后一句的作用是_。A. advance the final argument A. 提出最后的论点B. reflect the writers attitude B. 反映作者的态度C. reverse previously expressed thoughts C. 颠倒之前表达的想法D. show the d
23、isadvantages of nuclear power D. 展示核能的缺点【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据题干定位至最后一句“权衡双方的论点后，似乎有充分的经济和生态理由采用核能以外的能源”，可知文章最后一句表明了作者的观点，即作者认为从经济和生态环境方面来考虑，可以利用其他形式的能源，而非核能，B项“反映作者的态度”符合题意。【干扰项排除】A项“提出最后的论点”和D项“展示核能的缺点”都不是最后一句话的作用，这两项属于曲解原文；C项“颠倒之前表达的想法”，第二段第一句就指出“核能最终是否是一种廉价的能源也是个问题”，可知作者并没有颠倒之前的看法，该项属于反向干扰。4. 单选题Sh
24、e wept in relief when the tumour turned out to be benign.问题1选项A.not viciousB.dangerousC.unpleasantD.beneficent【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. not vicious不邪恶的；不危险的 B. dangerous危险的C. unpleasant不愉快的 D. beneficent有裨益的；行善的【考查点】形容词辨析。【解题思路】根据关键信息She wept in relief（她如释重负地哭了），结合关键词tumour（肿瘤）可推断，benign表示“良性的”，即肿瘤不是危险的，A项词
25、义与之相近，故该题选择A项。【干扰项排除】B、C、D项不符合划线单词词义。【句意】当肿瘤被证实为良性时，她如释重负地哭了。5. 不定项选择题Theyre still kids, and although theres a lot that the experts dont yet know about them, one thing they do agree on is that what kids use and expect from their world has changed rapidly. And its all because of technology.To the psy
26、chologists, sociologists, and generational and media experts who study them, their digital gear sets this new group apart, even from their tech-savvy (懂技术的) Millennial elders. They want to be constantly connected and available in a way even their older siblings dont quite get. These differences may
27、appear slight, but they signal an all-encompassing sensibility that some say marks the dawning of a new generation.The contrast between Millennials and this younger group was so evident to psychologist Larry Rosen of California State University that he has declared the birth of a new generation in a
28、 new book, Rewired: Understanding the iGeneration and the Way They Learn, out next month. Rosen says the tech-dominated life experience of those born since the early 1990s is so different from the Millennials he wrote about in his 2007 book, Me, My Space and I: Parenting the Net Generation, that the
29、y warrant the distinction of a new generation, which he has dubbed the “iGeneration”.“The technology is the easiest way to see it, but its also a mind-set, and the mind-set goes with the little I, which Im talking to stand for individualized,” Rosen says. “Everything is defined and individualized to
30、 me. My music choices are defined to me. What I watch on TV any instant is defined to me. “He says the iGeneration includes todays teens and middle-schoolers, but its too soon to tell about elementary-school ages and younger.Rosen says the iGeneration believes anything is possible. “If they can thin
31、k of it, somebody probably has or will invent it,” he says. “They expect innovation.”They have high expectations that whatever they want or can use “will be able to be tailored to their own needs and wishes and desires.”Rosen says portability is key. They are inseparable from their wireless devices,
32、 which allow them to text as well as talk, so they can be constantly connected-even in class, where cell phones are supposedly banned.Many researchers are trying to determine whether technology somehow causes the brains of young people to be wired differently. “They should be distracted and should p
33、erform more poorly than they do,” Rosen says. “But findings show teens survive distractions much better than we would predict by their age and their brain development.”Because these kids are more immersed and at younger ages, Rosen says, the educational system has to change significantly.“The growth
34、 curve on the use of technology with children is exponential, and we run the risk of being out of step with this generation as far as how they learn and how they think,” Rosen says.“We have to give them options because they want their world individualized.”1. Compared with their Millennial elders, t
35、he iGeneration kids _.2. Why did Larry Rosen name the new generation as iGeneration?3. Which of the following is true about the iGeneration according to Rosen?4. Rosens findings suggest that technology _.5. According to the passage, education has to _.问题1选项A.communicate with others by high-tech meth
36、ods continuallyB.prefer to live a virtual life than a real oneC.are equipped with more modern digital techniquesD.know more on technology than their elders问题2选项A.Because this generation is featured by the use of personal high tech devices.B.Because this generation stresses on an individualized style
37、 of life.C.Because it is the author himself who has discovered the new generation.D.Because its a mind-set generation instead of an age -set one.问题3选项A.This generation is crazy about inventing and creating new things.B.Everything must be adapted to the peculiar need of the generation.C.This generati
38、on catches up with the development of technology.D.High-tech such as wireless devices goes with the generation.问题4选项A.has an obvious effect on the function of iGenerations brain developmentB.has greatly affected the iGenerations behaviors and academic performanceC.has no significantly negative effec
39、t on iGenerations mental and intellectual developmentD.has caused distraction problems on iGeneration which affect their daily performance问题5选项A.adapt its system to the need of the new generationB.use more technologies to cater for the iGenerationC.risk its system to certain extent for the iGenerati
40、onD.be conducted online for iGenerations individualized need【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:D第4题:C第5题:A【解析】1.【选项释义】1. Compared with their Millennial elders, the iGeneration kids _. 1. 与他们千禧一代的长辈相比，自我的一代的孩子_。A. communicate with others by high-tech methods continually A. 用高科技手段与他人持续沟通B. prefer to live a virtual lif
41、e than a real one B. 比起真实的生活，更喜欢虚拟的生活C. are equipped with more modern digital techniques C. 配备了更现代的数字技术D. know more on technology than their elders D. 比他们的长辈更懂科技【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据题干定位至第二段的内容“他们的数字设备使这个新群体与众不同，甚至与精通技术的千禧一代的长辈们也不一样。他们想要以一种连他们的哥哥姐姐都不太了解的方式与别人保持联系。这些差异可能看起来微不足道，但它们标志着一种无所不包的感性，有人说这标志着新
42、一代的到来。”从中可知，新一代，即第三段所指的“自我的一代”，与他们的千禧年一代的哥哥姐姐们相比，更愿意使用数字设备持续不断地与他人保持联系，也希望随时能让别人找得到他们；由此可推断，他们愿意通过高科技手段与他人随时保持联系，该题选择A项“用高科技手段与他人持续沟通”符合题意。【干扰项排除】B项“比起真实的生活，更喜欢虚拟的生活”没有提到，该项属于无中生有；C项“配备了更现代的数字技术”中的more modern在文中没有提及，该项也属于无中生有；D项“比他们的长辈更懂技术”，原文提到tech-savvy Millennial elders（精通技术的千禧一代的长辈们）可知，千禧一代对技术也很
43、精通，且原文并没有进行这方面的比较，该项属于曲解原文。2.【选项释义】2. Why did Larry Rosen name the new generation as iGeneration? 2. 为什么拉里罗森把新一代称为“自我的一代”？A. Because this generation is featured by the use of personal high tech devices. A. 因为这一代人的特点是使用个人高科技设备。B. Because this generation stresses on an individualized style of life. B.
44、 因为这一代人强调个性化的生活方式。C. Because it is the author himself who has discovered the new generation. C. 因为是作者自己发现了新一代。D. Because its a mind-set generation instead of an age-set one. D. 因为这是心态定势的一代，而不是年龄定势的一代。【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第四段前两句“罗森说：技术是最容易看到它的方式，但它也是一种心态，这种心态与小的我有关，我说的是个性化。”“对我来说，每件事都被定义和个性化。”，这里引述罗森介绍
45、自我的一代”的话，点明了这代人拥有的一种心态，这种心态随“小我”而变化，即“个性化”，这是“自我的一代”鲜明的特点，表现为每件事都为“我”而定制，或每件事都被赋予个性化特征；由此可见，这代人强调个性化的生活，因此该题选择B项“因为这一代人强调个性化的生活方式”符合题意。【干扰项排除】A项“因为这一代人的特点是使用个人高科技设备”中的personal high-tech devices（个人高科技设备）没有提到，该项属于无中生有；C项“因为是作者自己发现了新一代”，根据第二段第一句“对于研究他们的心理学家、社会学家、代际和媒体专家来说”可知，研究“自我的一代”的人不止罗森，还有很多其他的专家，
46、该项属于曲解原文；D项“因为这是心态定势的一代，而不是年龄定势的一代”，根据第三段第一句“加州州立大学的心理学家拉里罗森认为，千禧一代和这一年轻群体（younger group）之间的对比是如此明显”可知，“自我的一代”不仅是个性化的一代，也是年轻群体，所以该项属于反向干扰。3.【选项释义】3. Which of the following is true about the iGeneration according to Rosen? 3. 关于罗森所说的自我的一代，下列哪项是正确的？A. This generation is crazy about inventing and creat
47、ing new things. A. 这一代人热衷于发明和创造新事物。B. Everything must be adapted to the peculiar need of the generation. B. 一切都必须适应这一代的特殊需要。C. This generation catches up with the development of technology. C. 这一代人赶上了技术的发展。D. High-tech such as wireless devices goes with the generation. D. 无线设备等高科技产品是这一代人的产物。【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据倒数第五段的内容“罗森说，便携式是关键。他们和他们的无线设备是分不开的，无线设备可以让他们发短信和聊天，所以他们可以一直保持联系，甚至在课堂上也是如此，而在课堂上手机应该是被禁止的。”可知，对这
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