Erich Fromm's Theory of Alienation of Affection.docx

1、2.ErichFromm*sTheoryofA1.ienationof.Affection2.1 ErichFrominandHisTheOryFromnwasagreatpsycho1.ogistfromGennany,andwhatheInONsuccesfu1.didinhis1.ifeisfirstproposedtheconceptionoftheFrankfurtSchoo1.ofcritica1.thcorj.Whatismore,hea1.soisasuccessfu1.humanisticphi1.osopher,anddemocraticsocia1.ist.Hispare

2、ntsarcpiousJewish.In1918Fromnbegunhisstudycareer,andjurisprudencewashisfirststudyfie1.d.Andaboutoneyear1.ater,hetransfc11cdtotheUniversityofHeide1.1.erg.Inthisschoo1.,hedidf(studyjurisprudenceanynure,buttoconcentratehisattentioninthefie1.dofsocio1.ogy.About3years1.ater,hefina1.1.ygothisPhDinsocio1.o

3、gyfromHeide1.berg.Withtimef1.ying,hegradua1.1.ygainedmoreknow1.edgeaboutditferen1.subjects,suchashebegunstudyc1.inica1.in1927.Afewyears1.ater,becausethechangeofpo1.itica1.Frommcou1.dnotbeartheru1.eofNaziinGermany,hedecidedtomovetoanothercountryto1.iveabetter1.ife,inc1.udinghimse1.fandhisfami1.ymembe

4、rs.ThenIwchoseGenevaas(henextcountrywherehewou1.d1.ive.1.atcnhemovedagain,andthistimehechoseAmericaasthecountry,e1.ivedinCo1.umbiaUniversity.InherbookofSe1.fAna1.ysis,themainopicisthe1.ong-termre1.ationshipaboutKarenHomcysandFromm.AsforHorncy,sthought.Karenp1.aysanim,x)r1.antpan.soasHorneytoKaren,st

5、hinking.Forexamp1.e,I1.orneyexp1.ainedmanykeyfactorsaboutFroinnfSpsychoana1.ysis,andFromma1.sostatemanyimportantportionsofHorney*ssocio1.ogy.Bu(theg(xx1.re1.ationshipdidnotsustain1.ongtime,whichbrokenin1930s.Afewyears1.ater,Fromm1.eftCo1.umbiaUniversitycodootherthings.First1.y,heworkedforWashingtonS

6、choo1.,andthensetuptheNewYorkbranchin1943.Second1.y,threeyears1.ater,heworkedwithWi1.1.iambui1.tA1.ansonWhiteInstituteofPsychia1.ry,Psychoana1.ysis,andPsycho1.ogy.Andthen.Frommbegunhisthirdmove,thedestinationisMexico.InthisCOUnIry.hebecameanexce1.1.entprofessorataMexicouniversity.Whatismore,hea1.soh

7、e1.pedtheschoo1.estab1.isheditspsychoana1.yticsection.Inthisuniversity,hesti1.1.didnotstayvcrj,1.ongtime.In1974.hemovedagain,this(inehechoseMura1.1.o,Switzer1.and,whicha1.sobecamehis1.ast1.ivep1.ace.Aftercometothisnewcityabout6years,his1.ifecametoanend.Inthe1.astperiodofhis1.ife,hesti1.1.devotedhist

8、imeinhisc1.inica1.practiceandcomp1.etedsomeprofessiona1.1.x)oks.2.2 TheoryofA1.ienationOfAffcctionHisso-ca1.1.edemotiona1.a1.ienationisathoroughana1.ysisofhumana1.ienaiionfromtheang1.eofemotion.Thismeansthathumanbeingshave1.osthisfee1.ingsandexpressionsintheprocessofdeve1.opment,hechangedthefee1.ing

9、softhingsands1.aves,orbecameanabsenceofenoion,soIha1.hecreatedanexterna1.Ibrce,inturn,materia1.izationandnegationofhumanrights.Inparticu1.ar1.hca1.ienationofCJnO1.ieminc1.udesthemateria1.izationofemotion.Ihebondageofaffection,he1.ossofnorma1.emotion,theimba1.anceofemotiona1.structure,etc.Themateria1

10、izationofemotionisthattheemotionpointstosomekindof-thingI1.suchasmoney,power,commodity,etc.,itrep1.acesthenorma1.fee1.ing.Thebondageofaffectionisthattheemotion1.osesitsindependence,neitherthinkingnorspeaking,butbyexterna1.forces,suchasMasochismsemotion,thetota1.1.ossofse1.f-fu1.fi1.1.mentandtheinci

11、denceofsaiisfaciion.The1.ackofemotionisnotthepropermaturityoffee1.ings,existinadeso1.atewor1.dofemotion,suchasthe1.ackofsenseofrightandwrong,compassionandsoon.Emotiona1.Stmctuia1.imba1.anceisinawor1.dwithdeepfee1.ings,somekindofemotiona1.over-exands,deprivedofotheremotiona1.growthspace,suchasbecause

12、ofhatred1.ackoftheabi1.ityaboutemotiona1.wor1.dof1.ove.According(oFreudsopinion,Froinmexp1.ainedtherea1.ityofnarcissismindetai1.Whatmore,hethoughtthatthereasonofnarcissismhasprogressquick1.yisthesupportFreudsmechanica1.conceptof1.ibidohinders.Itcanexpressbysomeun1.ikeforms,ontheotherhand,a1.1.formsh

13、asasimi1.arfeaturewhichisdivorcee!fromtheouterwor1.d.Thisnarcissismsfactorisveryintrica(c.Thenarcissisma1.wayshaveaspecia1.choosefortheirnarcissisticobjects.Inmostcases,theywi1.1.choosehonor,strength,wit.etc.IncestuousSymbiosis,patho1.ogica1.manifestation,hasnotexperiencedotherpeop1.edexistence,hasI

14、ositheobjeciivi(y,has1.osttheindependenceandtheinegri(y.Becausehisobjectisdivineanditsconductisjustifieditwi1.1.1.eadtoparanoia1.osehisabi1.ity(ojudgedifferentobjectsca1.m1.yandcannottakeaproperattitudetoobservetherea1.itywor1.dand1.ife.Frommpointsoutthatwhenthreeof(hedeathtendenciesof1.ove,narcissi

15、smandsexua1.fixationarc1.esssevere,theydonothaveonec1.osetotheother,norarctheydestructive,anddonotimpairthefunctionofreasonand1.ove.Butwhentheytendtoma1.ignforms,there1.ationshipbetweenthemwi1.1.becomec1.oserthenbefore.Mixedwithnarcissismisthemostprimitiveformofkinshipandnarcissism.Ifonehasastrongap

16、petencytobackthewombandthepast,whichmeanstheonewantstohedead.When1.ovefordeath,ma1.ignantnarcissismandextrc11wformsofinbreedingming1.etogether,theSyndromeofDecaywi1.1.produce,whichmeansawfu1.evi1.AsforthisconceptionofSyndron1.eofDecay,wecanrememberthenosic1.assica1.examp1.eAdo1.fHit1.er.Heisapersonw

17、hofascinatedbydeathanddestruction.HeisVerynarcissistic,hisambitionandthoughtastheon1.yrea1.ity.Hewasanextrememan,fanatica1.abouthisraceandhispeop1.eofthesameorigins.A1.mostpeop1.ewhoarcaddictedtovio1.ence,hatred,racismandnarcissismexperiencetheSyndromeofDecay.Theya1.ways1.evote1.opursuingvio1.ence,w

18、ar.anddestruction.Ontheotherhand,a1.1.ofthemwou1.dtakeaCoaIof11tiona1.itytohidetheirevi1.andtakeamaskofnob1.eideo1.ogytoconcea1.theirbademotion.Ifyouwantidentifyitc1.ear1.y,thereareaheadofdifficu1.ties.So,weshou1.dfu1.1.yrecognize(heimportanceofthewayofunderstandingthei1.1.nesstoidentifypatient.soasacquireimmunity.