1、INTERNATIONA1.STANDARDISO/IEC29140editionFirSt2021IInformationtechno1.ogyfor1.earning,educationandtrainingNomadicityandmobi1.etechno1.ogiesTechno1.ogiesdeinformationpourapprentissage,!Educationet1.aformationNomadismeettechno1.ogiesmobi1.esReferencenumberISO/IEC29140:2021(E)COPYRIGHTPROTECTEDDOCUMENT
2、ISO/1EC2021IUirhM*hedbdi1.iUedotherwiseupdhi.o啪InyM1.tta0DmkfifiU81.andonnet8CH-1214Vernier,GenevaPhone：M1.227490111觥曲ite：图洲跳触OQrgPub1.ishedinSwitzer1.andIntroductiontechno1.ogica1.ininnovationstheandincreasingneta-ana1.ysistechno1.ogjrmobi1.e1.eaming,education4and6trainingPenetrationThenumberincrea
3、singmobi1.e-broadbandsubscriptionshave1.OOinhabitantsin2007mi11ion69,3throughofmobi1.etechno1.ogy1.earning,educationp1.acingtraining,ofurgencytorevisethestandardsforexamp1.e,g1.assesbeingUSedUSed1.anguagetrainingaugmentedabib1.iometricreviewrea1.ity;450andartic1.essschoo1.s,governments,Organizations
4、needbusinessesstandardsfortheWor1.dinformationinfonnationdesignedorganizationsandto1.carners1.earnersenhancedaccessanygeographica1.and1.ocation.Iiiateria1.s1.earningefficiencyvo1.untary).productivityfor1.earning,educationandtrainingwithindifferentsectors(e.g.pub1.ic.Iearningaccordingtoindividua1.dif
5、ferencesandwhicha1.1.owsforStudent-Centied1.earningandprovides1.earners,Interactwithteacherswhotrainers,remoteco-createco1.1.abt)rativeconnectionsenvironments.educationManyresearchdditiona1.1.y,projectsa1.readybeenComp1.etedvariousCountiiesmobi1.earoundtechno1.ogyinimportanteducationandtrainingCnvir
6、onmentsinjp1.ementationinandeva1.uationofsea111.ess,1.carningwithinstrategiesandframeworkstechno1.ogiesin1.earning1.earningexperiencesdescribeddifferent1.earningg1.oba1.positioningsystems,sate1.1.iteconnectionandmobi1.eapps:SinceISOC,S2914()-1:2011andISO/IECTS29140-2:2011werepub1.ished,therehavebeen
7、manyasindicatedmanyofreviewanduseofmobi1.estudiesinI11R3(5.Thesetwo(1.DCh检艇扒由机VWiRftIfedandrep1.acedby1SO!ECTS29140:2020.whichhasnowbeenrep1.acedbythisdocumentThegrowthinactivemobi1.e-broadbandsubscriptionshasincreasedsignificant1.y,with2018.7ratesOfactivewor1.dwidefrom4,0perincreasedfrom268to詈d/45号
8、94inftH156觅addition,a1.mosttheentirewor1.dpopu1.ation,or96%,now1.iveswithinreachofamobi1.ece1.1.u1.arnetwork.Furthermore,90%oftheg1.oba1.popu1.ationcanaccesstheinternet即usea3GorhigherSPeedinnetWOrk.ThisisandsenseAtthesametime,thetechno1.ogy,andtheapp1.icationofthetechno1.ogy,ischangingatafastrate.Fo
9、rinputand3Doutputareareforforvirtua1.rea1.ity.In2020rrea1.ityandmixedofvoicewasconductedonmobi1.eearninginhighereducationresearchusingbib1.iometricmethods.Theresu1.tsIndicatethatuseofmobi1.e1.earningisincrcasing8.bymobi1.edevices,thereincreasedandtosetaroundhowdesignshou1.dheforaccessforde1.iveryonm
10、obi1.etechno1.ogiestosupport1.earning,educationandtraining.Thisincreasedneedisheightenedbydemandfor1.earningandtrainingmateria1.sthatcanbesharedeasi1.ybetweenhasthepotentia1.provideandHiadewithavai1.ab1.etothoseintoinformationIeaniingMobiIeandguidanceandsupportfromanywhereratherthanfromaspecificgeog
11、raphica1.1.ocationatacertaintime.Whenmobi1.e1.earningisimp1.ementedthoughtfu1.1.yandwe1.1.,ithasthepotentia1.toincreaseprivate,andMobi1.etechno1.ogies,inadditiontobeingacommunicationdevice,provideeasyaccesstoun1.imitedmateria1.satanytimeandanyp1.ace,needss.Mobi1.e1.earninghasthepotentia1.toprovide1.
12、earnerswithnewopportunitiestoconnectwithotherThisistocritka1.issuefor1.earnersand1.iveand1.ocations1.ackingwired1.earning911ojThereareanumberofresearchteamsinorganizationsandcommunitieswhoareworkingonmobi1.e1.earning,andtraining,studiesworkishaveinprogressinontheofwor1.donre1.atedtopicssuchas1.earni
13、ngindifferentcontexts,1.earningwhi1.eonthemoveandtheuseofhandhe1.dcomputersin1.earning.Itis1.earning,thatthedesign,deve1.opment,takesp1.acemannerthatismobi1.ef1.exib1.eandintegrated.Inshort,mobi1.etechno1.ogyneedstobeseam1.ess1.yintegratedintoteachingand1.earningactivitiesthataresupportedbyinformati
14、onandcommunicationtechno1.ogy(ICT)ingenera1.Areviewofmode1.sforusingmobi1.efordesigningmobi1.ej.Theseinc1.ude:a)context-aware1.earningwhere!earnerscan1.earnintheirowncontextusingwire1.essconnection,h)seam1.essandubiquitous1.earningonthegoand1.earningfromanywherebecauseoftheportabi1.ityofmobi1.etechn
15、o1.ogies;this1.earningstrategyisimportantforthenomadicIeanwrswhomovefromc) game-based1.earningwhere1.earnersarepresentedwithdifferentscenariosandcha1.1.engesduringthe1.earningprocess;d) mobi1.ecomputer-supportedco1.1.aborated1.earningwherestudentsusemobi1.etechno1.ogiestointeracttocomp1.ete1.earning
16、activitiesingroups.Inthepast,useofmobi1.etechno1.ogies,becauseoftheirsma1.1.sizeandportabi1.ity,havebeenbeneficia1.tonomads;however,thecurrentmobi1.etechno1.ogiesaremorepowerfu1.andtheyarebeingusedinadif卜勘界的要黜似!neaec6hpfora4yyhjg0P8rt三11HI三ernsechnO18giEcaM三ntosupportstudents1.earningaboutbedsidec1.
17、inica1.practice：inanindustrytotrainemp1.oyeeshowtomaintainapieceofequipment;inamuseumtogivestudentsavirtua1.presentationofahistorica1.event;曲川OBytoj油j三W1.A砒Id占啊1.nanthe的醐;询Wi陶患佣Ction解斓帐网豳在erortrainer.Anana1.ysisof113g1.oba1.researchstudiesonmobi1.e1.earninginpre-kindergartentoGrade121.eve1.sfoundtha
18、t62%ofthestudiesreportedpositiveoutcomes,meaningthatthemajorityofstudies巡k蝌艇丫祐的僧例)ritj唳魁astudi锚两混酬明善盅底阳蹄融泡椭如解ft腐q和atsettingcomposedofbothforma1.andinforma1.settingsaccountedfor27%oftheeducationa1.contexts,andtheremaining23%ofthestudiestookp1.aceininforma1.settings.旗附以TEeiCeSrM伽玳硼4依f(三11W回henbimM快Com
19、i则腋WNftiCa画蚓?联rnersfindthatthescreensizeissma1.1.whenreadinginformationandthekeyboardtoosma1.1.forenteringinformation.Tohe1.pwiththese1.imitations,researchersaredeve1.opingmobi1.edeviceswithvirtua1.酒/f三鼻Rand/油麻监赳df8iffi册BVKg版Hb枪将,bcy&都船由眺Ip”对成M8/购S1B%fscre由CSesizeanddataentry.Informationtechno1.ogyf
20、or1.earning,educationandtrainingNomadicityandmobi1.etechno1.ogies1 Scopeeducationandtrainingaenvironmentsinformationref1.ecttheforspecifictechno1.ogymobi1.eparticipants.Itgivesdesigners,documentcantrainers,automatedreferencebyandSoftWaremanagementimp1.ementers,instructiona1.2 Normativereferences3 Te
21、rmsanddefinitionsISOandIECmaintaintermino1.ogydatabasesforUSeinstandardizationatthefo1.1.owingaddresses：3.1 IECE1.ectropedia:avai1.ab1.eathttpswv.eIertrOPedia.orgadaptivedesign3.2artificia1.inte1.1.igenceA1.SOURCE:ISO/IEC/IEEE24765:2017,3.234augmentedrea1.ityNote1toentry：Virtua1.andrea1.-wor1.dobjec
22、tsco-existinaugmentedrea1.itysystems.teaming(recordirgfunctionsresponses,de1.iveryofnomadidty.etc.).interfaceConiponentsinterfacc(Wherctopossib1.e)interfacecomponents.devicethe1.earnerisusingorhastouse.1)connectivity;3)deviceidentification;S)integrationintothe1.oca1.IT1.ETsystem(e.g.1.MSsystem)(ifne
23、cessary)-1.oca1.izationdata;b)Userinterface：2)softwareactivity);CnSUrea1.1.necessarysoftwareisavai1.ab1.etoperformthe1.earning,educationwhereinternetaccessisnotavai1.ab1.e;5)down1.oadOfbandwidthintensiveresourcessuchasfi1.msand1.argeimages;7.7Environmentimp1.ementation(firewa1.1.s,standardsforte1.ec
24、ommunication.bandwidthinformationisrestrictionsregardingtechnica1.environmentactivitiesthatconsideration1.earningwithinengagenomadicity.beCharacteristicsnieansneedtheimpactonde1.iverymodesrequiredbythe1.earner.environmentsarebeingstudiedorresearchedindifferentcountries.Forexamp1.e:varioustestfor1.ea
25、rningwithinfeedback.TheBothuserandsystemshou1.dhavesupportincorporate1.1.wmostcurrentinformationre1.atedtohumanfactorsresearch.Inaddition,accessibi1.ityapproaches(assuggestedinInternationa1.StandardssuchasISO/IEC24751)canbeintegratedwithinToconnectthe1.earnertohisorherchangingenvironment,specificint
26、erfacesareused.Thepurposeoftheinterfaceistoc1.osethegapbetweentheenvironment,theIT1.ETsystemusedandthespecifica)Administrativeinterface：Thishastoprovidethenecessarydatato1.oginwithinthespecificenvironmentandinvo1.ves：2)encryptioninformation;4)necessaryidentificationsystemsanddata-supportsystems;6)co
27、ntentmanagementsystem(resources)tobui1.d1.earningunits.1)easyinsta1.1.ationwizard;trainingcheck(to3) on1.ineandoff1.ineroutinessothatitispossib1.etogetaccessto1.earningunitsforsituations4) 1.earnerdata,suchas1.earnersprogress,schedu1.e,testsandothertaskstoperformandgroupintegration;6) providingacomf
28、ortab1.ep1.atformtochoose1.earningunitsoutofacata1.ogue”,etc.Thisinc1.udesa1.1.informationonthe1.ocation,suchastimezone,geographica1.information(ifneeded),app1.icab1.enormsandusab1.ea1.1.owedports,andanyrequiredfi1.esizeandextensions,etc.).Thisa1.soinc1.udesthetechnica1.environmentsuchaswire1.essenv
29、ironmentthatisrequiredtosupportnomadicity.Withoutadequateinfrastructuresupport,a1.1.1.earning,educationandtrainingkeythenomadicfortriestowi1.1.Sonieimpossib1.e.Thisthatthatbeconsideredforenvironmentinc1.udeinfrastructuresupportandavai1.abi1.ityincurrentandprojected1.ocations.Otherconsiderationsinc1.
30、udecurrentnoise1.eve1.sandotherenvironmenta1.factorsthatcanExistingandemerginginformationtechno1.ogiescanbeusedtomakethe1.earningenvironmentubiquitousandtosupport1.earnerswithinnomadiccontexts.Current1.y,imp1.ementationsoftheseinformationcanbeusedtoidentifyortrackitems(1.andmarks,art,products,etc.),
31、andtheinformationcanbestoredandretrievedremote1.y(radiofrequencyidentification(RFID)rnavigationappformobi1.e,3Dg1.asses,etc.);envindftmvatxrmfbtdonab0e4tosupQE1.te1.ephpedfeomanyurtwtoddevicds)shiMrki1.earrapp1.ymateria1.s.A1.so,thereshou1.dbeconsiderationofmobi1.e1.earningthatapp1.iesindifferentcon
32、texts.Forexamp1.e,itcanbehe1.pfu1.tohaveguide1.inesorstandardsregardingthedesignOfinformationforaccesswhi1.eworkingoff-siteinthefie1.d.As1.earnersmovefromonep1.acetothenexttheyshou1.dbeab1.etousecomputingdevicesandcommunicationIeChnOIogytoaccessinformationand1.earningmateria1.sfromanywhereandatanyti
33、me.堀QgetAS*阳3i1.etim刑R*g*配vice2m?IearniRgfi1而H由力店日晒不将484附依WMgtructuresha1.1.beinp1.acetomakesurethereisaccessto1.earningmateria1.sandsupportasIeanwrsmovefromonegeographic1.ocationtothenext.Bib1.iography1UniversitiesPrietoKnowIedgeSocietyJourna1.2014,futurepp.142-151.Ieaming.7238eduction?RUSC.2010-20
34、15:AMeta-Ana1.ysis.Educationa1.Techno1.ogy&Society.2017r20(2),pp.113-1264reviewHwang,G.Pub1.icationsmobi1.etechno1.ogr-supportedco1.1.aborative1.earning：119,SyStemaHC15JEducationa1.Sciences：Tfteoryniobi1.e1.earning2020,Ieaniingperfbrmance:Avai1.ab1.emeta-anaIysisstudy.6 SungrStudentsr1.earningperfor
35、mance:Ameta-ana1.ysisresearchSyn1.hesis.teachingEdwdearning7 Internationa1.Te1.ecommunicationestimates.AVaiIabIeDeCembe27Decemberre1.ease:htt/www4tu8 nterctveMobi1.eTechnoIogiesHiyerEducation:Bib1.iometricReview.hups./dciorg/1()9 Vancouver,Tsinakos,2014ncresf/?5accessthroughmobi1.e1.earning.Commonwe
36、a1.thOf1.earning,Educationa1.Techno1.ogy.2020,51(3).pp.721-742.doi:10.1111/bje1.1288412 A1.IyrPaIaIas1.WarkHambrockfStudentMacCaIIum1.MobiIeDevkesProceedingsof1.7thParsons,Con/erenceon13ana1.ysis.EducationTechResearcheffectsofusingpp.1769-1789.Avai1.ab1.e1.anguage-h7dekorg/14 fide1.ity.Sh1.nJourna1.
37、ofEducationa1.PdZitydigita1.textbookprogramintermsOfimp1.cmcntationmobi1.e1.earningtechno1.ogyamongfina1.yearmedica1.studentsinKenya.PanAfrMedJ.2015October201717A1.1.yM.,and-B1.dzquez.Whatis.the11(1)ofmobi1.eDOk1.Oinrusc.v1.1.i1.20332Chee,KN,Yahaya,N.,Ibrahim,N.H.,NoorHassan,M.ReviewofMobi1.e1.eanii
38、ngTrends3Crompton,H.,Burke.D.,Gregory,K.H.Theuseofmobi1.eIeaminginPK-12education：systematicreview.Compu1.Educ.2017,110,pp.51-63FurQ.tofjourna1.Trendsfrom20072016.Computers&Education.2018,App.129-143TaIan工Tht?CffOfPractice,on20(1),pp.79-103.from:https:/dx.doi.org10.12738jestp.2020.1.006onY.,Chang,K,1
39、iu,T.TheeffectsOfEtegnitiiigandmObiIeTeViCeSVvithUomputand.2016r94rpp.252-275.Avai1.ab1.efrom:https:/dx.doi.org/10.1016/pedu.2015.11.0082018g1.oba1.andregiona1.ICTTniOI1.(IT1.J),from8,2018.Press2018J:ITUre1.eases,intenmediacentrePages2018-PR40spxo5bra1.SR1.earning.2020,14(11)pp.A153-170.Avai1.ab1.e
40、fr()m:1.nternationa1.ourna1.3991ijim.v1.4i1.1.13973A1.1.y,M.,Canada,A.10 1.aifC1.Trendsofmobi1.e!earning:Areviewofthetop100high1.ycitedpapers.BritishJourna1.of11 HSUY,ChingY.AReviesvofMode1.sandFrameworksforDesigningMobi1.e1.earningExperiencesandEnvironments.CanadianJourna1.Of1.earning&Techno1.ogy.2
41、015,41(3)pp.1-21R.，M.rA.N.On1.ineH.USCofK.(Eds.)for1.earning.In：Wor1.dD.,PowerrMobi1.eandChicago,I1.USA.2018,pp.8-13.vai1.ab1.efrom:httpsrvru.1.earntechhb.orgp184917Ch-I1.2,ChmWJU1.1.AI1.I1.TheDev.2020,68,mobi1.edevicesonFromJearning:amcta-10.1007s1.1.423-020.0980b5Kim,H”KED1.A,Kye,B.Eva1.uationofa.
42、2018,15(1),pp.3-2015 MasikarM.M.zOmondi,G.B.,Natembeya,D.S.rMugane.E.M.,Bosire,K.O.rKibwager1.0.Useof16 A1.1.y,M.,WarkrN.Distributedaugmentedrea1.itytrainingtodeve1.opski1.1.satadistance.Wor1.dConferenceOnOn1.ine1.earningTeachingInADigita1.Age-Re-ThinkingTeaching&1.earning,16-1917 Ma1.eziExams.Avai1
43、ab1.efrom8August2021:https:/exam.ma1.ezi.co.ke118IECiXbaUmg绅r般e(力崛RSaN田心比蝌鱼Inyid4u1.&哂加n雄咽Qukmhtb帆Mkqv;耿GidMnEUianM(IC1.2018)-Vo1.ume1.SpringerInternationa1.Pub1.ishing,2020,pp.966-97719 FirstVoices.Avai1.ab1.efrom8August2021:ht卬S+WWW.fr5tvice.n20 Wark,N.Shiftingparadigms：Acritica1.pragmaticeva1.uationofkeyfactorsaffecting1.earnerempoweredemeryenttechno1.ogyintegration.Dissertation,2018.Avai1.ab1.efrom：https:dt.athabasca.ajspttibstream407912744NorineWaFkFina1.pU21 Tuckr.C.Experiencinge1.earningon1.ine.Avai1.ab1.efrom：httpschristytICS35.240.90
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