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1、基于FPGA的语音数字时钟系统设计1. 设计要求：(1) 计时功能：这是这个计时器设计的基本功能，每隔一分钟记一次时间并在屏幕上显示出当前时间。(2) 闹钟功能：如果当前时间与设置的闹钟时间相同，则扬声器会发出报时声音。(3) 设置新的计时器时间：用户用数字键09输入新的时间，然后按下TIME健确认。(4) 设置新的闹钟时间：用户用数字键09输入新的闹钟时间，然后按下ALARM健确认。(5) 显示所设置的闹钟时间：在正常记时显示状态下，用户直接按下ALARM健，则显示器上显示已经设置好的闹钟时间。2设计思路：控制器命名为Alarm_controller，外部端口各个端口定义：(1) Clk外部
2、时钟信号(2) Reset复位信号(3) Alarm_botton闹钟信号，当其为高电平时，表示用户按下(4) Time_botton时间信号，当其为高电平时，表示用户按下(5) Key键盘信号，当其为高电平时，表示用户按下09(6) Load_new_a读取新的闹钟时间，高电平有效(7) Load_new_c控制设置新的时间，高电平有效(8) Show_new_time读取并显示新的时间，高电平有效(9) Show_a当Show_new_time为低电平时，根据Show_a控制当前是显示闹钟时间还是时钟时间根据端口的设置以及控制要求，设定如下5个状态S0：闹钟正常计数状态S1：键盘输入状态，
3、当用户按下键盘，即进入此状态,当一段时间后用户没有按下Alarm或者Time确认，则自动返回S0状态S2：设定闹钟状态，当用户按完键盘，按下Alarm键时进入此状态S3：设定时间状态，当用户按完键盘，按下Time键时进入此状态S4：显示闹钟时间，当用户直接按下Alarm键时，进入此状态在S4状态下，用户按下Alarm键时钟即显示闹钟时间，经过一段延时之后，时钟从新恢复S0状态。以下是程序流程表当前状态控制输入下一状态控制输出S0Key=1S1Show_new_time=1Alarm_botton=1S2Show_a=1elseS0NullS1Key=1S1Show_new_time=1Alar
4、m_botton=1S2Load_new_a=1Time_botton=1S3Load_new_c=1超时是S0Null否S1Show_new_time=1S2Alarm_botton=1S2Load_new_a=1elseS0NullS3Time_botton=1S3Load_new_c=1elseS0NullS4Alarm_botton=1S4Show_a超时是S0Null否S4Show_a并等待程序：程序包P_alarm封装定义library IEEE;use IEEE.std_logic_1164.all;package P_alarm is subtype t_digital is
5、integer range 0 to 7; subtype t_short is integer range 0 to 65535; type t_clock_time is array(3 downto 0) of T_digital; type t_display is array(3 downto 0) of Std_logic_vector(6 downto 0); type seg7 is array(0 to 7) of Std_logic_vector(6 downto 0); constant Seven_seg:seg7:=(0000000001,-0 0000000010,
6、-1 0000000100,-2 0000001000,-3 0000010000,-4 0000100000,-5 0001000000,-6 0010000000,-7 0100000000,-8 1000000000,-9);end package P_alarm;-程序包体封装结束library IEEE;use IEEE.std_logic_1164.all;use WORK.P_alarm.all;ENTITY Alarm_contorller is port(Key,Alarm_botton,Time_botton,clk,reset:in std_logic; Load_new
7、_a,Load_new_c,Show_new_time,Show_a:out std_logic);end Alarm_controller;ARCHITECTURE art of Alarm_controller is type t_state is(s0,s1,s2,s3,s4);-5种工作状态 constant key_timeout:t_short:=900;-键盘延时时间 constant show_alarm_timeout:t_short:=900;-alarm jian yan shi 900ns signal curr_state:t_state;-zhuang tai ji
8、 dang qian zhuang tai wei signal next_state:t_state;-zhuang tai ji xia yi gong zuo wei signal counter_k:t_state;-jian pan signal enable_count_k:std_logic;-jian pan chao shi yun xu signal count_k_end:std_logic;-jian pan chao shi signal counter_a:t_short;-alarm jian signal enable_count_a:std_logic;-al
9、arm jian chao shi yun xu signal count_a_end:std_logic;-alarm jian chao shi jie shu begin p0:process(clk,reset) begin if reset=1then curr_state=s0; elsif rising_edge(clk)then curr_state=next_state; end if; end process; p1:process(Key,Alarm_botton,Time_botton,curr_state,count_a_end,count_k_end) begin
10、-gei ge ge shu chu fu chu shi zhi next_state=curr_state; load_new_a=0; load_new_c=0; show_a=0; show_new_time=0; enable_count_k=0; enable_count_a if(Key=1)then next_state=s1; Show_new_time=1; elsif(Alarm_botton=1)then next_state=s2; Show_a=1; else next_state if(key=1)then next_state=s1; Show_new_time
11、=1; elsif(Alarm_botton=1)then next_state=s2; Load_new_a=1; elsif(Time_botton=1)then next_state=s3; Load_new_c=1; else if(count_k_end=1)then next_state=s0; null; else next_state=s1; Show_new_time=1; end if; enable_count_k if(Alarm_botton=1)then next_state=s2; Load_new_a=1; else next_state if(Time_bot
12、ton=1)then next_state=s3; Load_new_c=1; else next_state if(Alarm_botton=1)then next_state=s4; else if(count_a_end=1)then next_state=s0; null; else next_state=s4; Show_a=1; end if; enable_count_a null; end case; end process; Count_key:process(Enable_count_k,clk) begin if (Enable_count_k=0)then Counte
13、r_k=0; count_k_end=key_tinmeout)then count_k_end=1; else counter_k=Counter_k+1; end if; end if; end process Count_key; Count_alarm:process(Enable_count_a,clk) begin if(enable_count_a=1)then counter_a=0; count_a_end=show_alarm_timeout)then count_a_end=1; else counter_a=counter_a+1; end if; end if; en
14、d process Count_alarm;end art;二闹钟系统译码器设计1.设计思路：每次按下闹钟系统的数字键盘后产生一个数字所对应的10位二进制数据信号转换为1位十进制整数信号，作为小时，分钟计数的4个数字之一。结构图 Decoder输入00000000010000000010000000010000000010000000010000输出01234输入00001000000001000000001000000001000000001000000000输出56789library IEEE;use IEEE.std_logic_1164.all;use WORK.P_alarm.al
15、l;ENTITY decoder is port(keypad:in std_logic_vector(9 downto 0); value:out T_digital);end decoder;ARCHITECTURE art of decoder is begin with keypad select value=0 when 0000000001, 1 when 0000000010, 2 when 0000000100, 3 when 0000001000, 4 when 0000010000, 5 when 0000100000, 6 when 0001000000, 7 when
16、0010000000, 8 when 0100000000, 9 when 1000000000, 0 when others; end art;三闹钟系统的移位寄存器的设计1.设计思路：在clk的上升沿同步下，将key端口的输入信号移入new_time端口的输出端口最低位，原有信息一次向左移动，最高位舍去，reset对输出端口new_time异步清零。 电路原理图library IEEE;use IEEE.std_logic_1164.all;use WORK.P_alarm.all;ENTITY key_buffer isport(key:in t_digital; clk,reset:i
17、n std_logic; new_time:out t_clock_time);end key_buffer;ARCHITECTURE art of key_buffer is signal n_t:t_clock_time; process(clk,reset) begin if (reset=1)then n_t=(0,0,0,0); elsif(rising_edge(clk)then for i in 3 downto 1 loop-zuo huan yi n_t(i)=n_t(i-1); end loop; n_t(0)=key; end if; end process; new_t
18、ime=n_t; end art;四闹钟寄存器的设计1.设计思路：闹钟寄存器在时钟上升沿同步下，根据Load_new_a端口的输入信号控制Alarm_time口的输出，当控制信号为高电平时，把New_alarm_time端口的赋给alarm_time然后输出，reset端口输入信号对alarm_time端口的输出进行异步清零复位。电路原理图library IEEE;use IEEE.std_logic_1164.all;use WORK.P_alarm.all;ENTITY Alarm_reg isport(clk,reset:in std_logic; new_alarm_time:in t
19、_clock_time; load_new_a:in std_logic; alarm_time:out std_logic);end Alarm_reg;ARCHITECTURE art of Alarm_reg is begin process(clk,reset) begin if(reset=1)then alarm_clock=(0,0,0,0); else if rising_edge(clk)then if load_new_a=1then alarm_time=new_alarm_time; elsif load_new_a=0then assert false reportu
20、ncertain load_new_alarm control severity warning end if; end if; end if; end process; end art;五时间计数器的设计1.设计思路：时间计数器在时钟上升沿同步下，根据load_new_c端口的输入控制信号控制current_time口的输出，当控制信号为高电平时，把new_current_time端口的值赋给current_time进行输出。当reset端口为高电平时，对current_time端口进行清零操作。Reset的优先级高于load_new_c,且当reset,load_new_c同时为低电平时，
21、在时钟上升沿处，对current_time端口输出信号进行累加一次加1，并根据小时，分钟的进位规律进位。 Alarm_counterlibrary IEEE;use IEEE.std_logic_1164.all;use WORK.P_alarm.all;ENTITY Alarm_counter isport(load_new_c:in std_logic; clk,reset:in std_logic; new_current_time:in t_clock_time; current_time:out t_clock_time);end Alarm_counter;ARCHITECTURE
22、 art of Alarm_counter is signal i_current_time:t_clock_time; begin process(clk,reset) variable c_t:t_clock_time; if reset=1then i_current_time=(0,0,0,0); elsif load_new_c=1then i_current_time=new_current_time; elsif rising_edge(clk)then if c_t(0)=9 then c_t(0):=c_t(0)+1; else c_t(0):=0; if c_t(1)6 t
23、hen c_t(1):=c_t(1)+1; else c_t(1):=0; if c_t(3)2 then if c_t(2)=9 then c_t(2):=c_t(2)+1; else c_t(2):=0; c_t(3):=c_t(3)+1; end if; else c_t(2)3 then c_t(2):=c_t(2)+1; else c_t(2):=0; c_t(3):=0; end if; end if; end if; end if; i_current_time=c_t; end if; end process; current_time=i_current_time;end a
24、rt;六闹钟系统显示驱动器1.设计思路:当show_new_time输入为高电平时，根据new_time端口输入的时间数据，产生相应的4个七段数码显示器的驱动数据，并在display端口输出该信号；当show_new_time为低电平时，判断show_a端口的输入电平，如果为高电平，则根据alarm_time端口输入的时间数据，产生相应的4个七段数码显示器的驱动数据，并也在display端口输出。若show_a也为低电平，根据current_time端口的输入信号，对display端口驱动。当alarm_time端口的输入信号值与current_time端口的输入信号值相同时，sound_al
25、arm端口的输出信号有效。反之无效 Display_driverlibrary IEEE;use IEEE.std_logic_1164.all;use WORK.P_alarm.all;ENTITY display_driver is port(new_time:in t_clock_time; current_time:in t_clock_time; alarm_time:in t_clock_time; show_new_time:in std_logic; show_a:in std_logic; display:out t_display; sound_alarm:out std_
26、logic);end display_driver;ARCHITECTURE art of display_driver is signal display_time:t_clock_time; begin process(new_time,alarm_time,current_time,show_new_time,show_a) begin sound_loop:for i in alarm_timerange loop if(current_time(i)=alarm_time(i)then sound_alarm=1; else sound_alarm=0; end if; end lo
27、op sound_loop; if show_new_time=1then display_time=new_time; elsif show_a=1then display_time=alarm_time; elsif show_a=0then display_time=current_time; else assert false report uncertain display_driver control! severity waring; end if; end process; disp:process(display_time) begin for i in display_ti
28、merange loop display(i)=seven_seg(display_time(i) end loop; end process; end art;七闹钟分频器1.设计思路：分频器，将clk_in的输入信号经过分频后交与clk_out当reset端口为高电平时，clk_out输出清零。 Fq_dividerlibrary IEEE;use IEEE.std_logic_1164.all;use WORK.P_alarm.all;ENTITY fq_divider is port(clk_in,reset:in std_logic; clk_out:out std_logic);e
29、nd fq_divider;ARCHITECTURE art of fq_divider is constant divide_period:t_short:=6000; begin process(clk_in,reset) variable cnt:t_short; begin if(reset=1)then cnt:=0; clk_out=0; elsif rising_edge(clk)then if(cnt(divide_period/2)then clk_out=1; cnt:=cnt+1; elsif (cnt(divide_period-1)then clk_out=0 cnt
30、:=cnt+1; else cnt:=0; end if; end if; end process; end art;八闹钟的整体组装1.设计思路：前面已经把闹钟的各个模块分别进行了编译封装，现在开始整体组装。由于键盘解码和闹钟移位寄存器是一体的，且输出新的时间或者闹钟值，所以二者连为一体，再者，由于闹钟移位寄存器输出的新数据可能是时间值也可能是闹钟值，所以输出口一分为2，分别接入时间计数器，闹钟寄存器，又由于闹钟移位寄存器所输出的值要显示在led上，所以输出再引出一根线接到显示模块上。分频器接时间寄存器，用来计数。时间和闹钟工作状态控制模块分别接时间计数器，闹钟寄存器，显示模块。最后总体封装
31、。 Alarm_clocklibrary IEEE;use IEEE.std_logic_1164.all;use IEEE.std_logic_unsigned.all;use WORK.P_alarm.all;ENTITY Alarm_clock is port(keypad:in std_logic_vector(9 downto 0); key_down,alarm_botton,time_botton,clk,reset:in std_logic; display:out t_display; sound_alarm:out std_logic);end Alarm_clock;AR
32、CHITECTURE art of alarm_clock is component decoder is port(keypad:in std_logic_vector(9 downto 0); value:out digital); end component decoder; signal s0:t_digital; signal s1,s2,s3,s4,s5:std_logic; signal s6,s7,s8:t_clock_time; begin u1:decoder port map(keypad,s0); u2:key_buffer port mao(s0,key_down,reset,s6); u3:alarm_contorller port map(key_down,alarm_botton,time_botton,clk,reset,s1,s2,s3,s4); u4:alarm_counter port map(s6,s2,s5,reset,s8); u5:alarm_reg port map(s6,s1,clk,reset,s7); u6:display_driver port map(s7,s6,s8,s3,s5,sound_alarm,display); u7:fq_divider port map(clk,reset,s5);end art;