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1、非谓语动词作状语高考对非谓语动词作状语的考查多与对动词其他形式的考查同时进行主要包括以下几个方面的内容：1不定式作状语；2-ing分词作状语；3-ed分词作状语。一、不定式结构作状语不定式结构作状语通常有以下几种情况：1、目的状语（分词一般不能作目的状语）Heboughtabicycletogototownmorequickly.Tocatchthetrain,shehurriedthroughherwork注：表目的的不定式还常与soas或inorder连用，构成soas(not)todo和inorder(not)todo结构，其中soas(not)todo不能用于句首。Togetthere
2、intime,wegotupveryearly.=Inordertogetthereintime,wegotupveryearly.=Wegotupveryearly(inorder/soas)togetthereintime.2、原因状语不定式结构作原因状语常用在作表语用的形容词后。Imsorrytohearthat.WereproudtobeyoungpeopleofChina.Wearegladtohearthenews3、结果状语（不定式结构作结果状语，有时表示未曾预料到的、或令人不快的结果。常和only连用）。Heranallthewaytothestation,onlytofind
3、thetrainhadleft.而现在分词作结果状语常常是可以预料的结果，是伴随谓语动词而产生的自然结果Thepoliceopenedfire,killingtherobber.Hedied,leavinghiswifewithfivechildren.4.有时，不定式还可修饰一个句子，表明说话人的态度。totellyouthetruth,tobehonest,tobefrank,tobefair,tomakethings/mattersworse等。Totellyouthetruth,Idontlikethefilm.高考真题检测：1、_lateintheafternoon,Bobturne
4、doffthealarm.A.TosleepB.sleepingC.sleepD.Havingslept2、Youweresillynot_yourcar.A.tolockB.tohavelockedC.lockingD.havinglocked3、Thenewsreportershurriedtotheairport,only_thefilmstarshadleft.A.totellB.tobetoldC.tellingD.told4.Good-bye,MrJones.Impleased_.A.formeetingyouB.tomeetyouC.tohavebeenmeetingyouD.t
5、ohavemetyou5Tomiswaiting_thedoctor.A.toseeB.fortoseeC.forseeingD.forsee6.Iwenttoseehim_himout.A.findingB.findC.onlytofindD.onlyfound7._,Idontlikehersister.A.TellingthetruthB.BeentoldthetruthC.TotellthetruthD.Totellthetrue二、分词结构作状语形式doinghavingdonedonebeingdonehavingbeendone意义与句中主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，与句中谓语动词同
6、时发生，或基本上同时发生。与句中主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，先于谓语动词发生。与句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，时间不确定与句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且与谓语动词同时发生，一般作原因状语置于句首。与句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且先于谓语动词发生。判断步骤A：首先看主语，确定该动词与主语之间是主动关系还是被动关系。B：然后看谓语动词，确定该动词与谓语动词之间动作发生的先后关系。Hearingthebadnews,sheburstintotears.（主动/同时进行）Nothavingreceivedananswer,hedecidedtowriteanotherletter.(主动/完成)Ha
7、vingfoundaseat,sheleftherbooksonit.(主动/完成)Havingbeenbeatenbyasnake,shewasfrightentedatit.（被动、完成）Havingbeentoldmanytimes,hestillrepeatedthesamemistakes.（被动、完成）Seenfromthehill,thecitylooksbeautiful.(被动)(Givenmoretime,wecouldhavedoneitmuchbetter.被动)（一）分词作状语，主句部分。一般表示时间，条件，让步，原因，其形式doing，done，havingdone
8、，havingbeendone，beingdone1）时间状语1.Hearingthenews,theygotexcited.Whentheyheardthenews,theygotexcited.2.Havingfinishedmyhomework,Ireturnedhome.AfterIfinishedmyhomework,Ireturnedhome.3.Seenfromthehill,theparklooksmorebeautiful.Whenitisseenfromthehill,theparklooksmorebeautiful.2）原因状语1.Havingbeenbeatenbya
9、snake,shewasfrightentedatit.Becauseshehadbeenbeatenbyasnake,shewasfrightentedatit2.Nothavingreceivedareply,hedecidedtowriteagain.Becausehehadnotreceivedareply,hedecidedtowriteagain.3.Readingattentively，heforgotthetimeforlunchBecausehewasreadingattentively，heforgotthetimeforlunch4.Notknowinghisaddres
10、s,Icantwritetohim.Becausehedoesntknowhisaddress,Icantwritetohim.5.Beingsopoorinthosedays,theycouldntsendtheboytoschool.Becausetheyweresopoorinthosedays,theycouldntsendtheboytoschool.6.BeingLeaguemembers,wearereadytohelpothers.AsweareLeaguemembers,wearereadytohelpothers.7.Borninapoorfamily,theboycoul
11、dnotgotoschool.Ashewasborninapoorfamily,theboycouldnotgotoschool.3）条件状语theIamIf1.Givenachance,IcansurpriseIfworld.givenachance,Icansurprisetheworld.2.Workinghard,youwillsurelysucceed.youworkhard,youwillsurelysucceed.new，youll3.Readingcarefully，youlllearnsomethingAslongasyoureadcarefullylearnsomethin
12、gnew4）让步状语1.Havingbeentoldmanytimes,hestillrepeatedthesamemistakes.Thoughhehadbeentoldmanytimes,hestillrepeatedthesamemistakes.2.Admittingwhatshehassaid,Istillthinkthatshehasnttriedherbest.AlthoughIadmitwhatshehassaid,Istillthinkthatshehasnttriedherbest.3.Admittedintotheuniversity,hewasstillupset.Al
13、thoughhewasAdmittedintotheuniversity,hewasstillupset.二、主句部分，分词作状语。在这一句型中，分词作状语可表示结果，方式，伴随，可以转换为一个并列的谓语成分。这一句型的分词作状语通常有两种种形式：doing,done1）结果状语1.Itrainedheavily,thuscausingseverefloodinginthatcountry.Itrainedheavily,andthuscausedseverefloodinginthatcountry.Hefired,Hedied,2.Hefired,killingoneofthepasser
14、s-by.andkilledoneofthepassers-by.3.Hedied,leavinghiswifewithfivechildren.andlefthiswifewithfivechildren.2）伴随状语1.Theteachercameintothelab,followedbysomestudents.Theteachercameintothelab,andwasfollowedbysomestudents.I2.Istoodthere,listeningtothebroadcast.thereandlistenedtothebroadcast.3）方式状语ofcities.b
15、yaHeearns1.Travelingbyjeep,wevisitedanumberItravelledjeep,andvisitedanumberofcities.2.Heearnsalivingdrivingtruck.alivingbydrivingatruck.高考实例1.Dontsitthere_nothing.Comeandhelpmewiththistable.A.doB.todoC.doingD.anddoing2.Mycousincametoseemefromthecountry,_meafullbasketoffreshfruits.A.broughtB.bringing
16、C.tobringD.hadbrought3.Weoftenprovideourchildrenwithtoys,footballsorbasketballs,_thatallchildrenliketheseC.A.thinkingB.thinktothinkD.Thought4.Oilpriceshaverisenby32percentsincethestartoftheyear,_arecordUS$57.65abarrelonB.A.havereachedreachingC.toreachD.tobereaching5._forseveralweeks,thecitywasshorto
17、ffoodandclothing.B.D.toA.AshavingfloodedAsfloodingC.Havingbeenfloodedflood6._fromthetallestbuilding,thewholecitylooksverybeautiful.A.SeeB.SawC.SeeingD.Seen7.Wewalkedasfastaswecould,_tocatchthe9:30train.A.hopingB.tohopeC.wehopedD.beinghopedtohide8._thediamond,hehadtolookforaplace（Steal）it.the）9._thef
18、rontdoorpainted,hehadtoentertheroomthrough（Seebackdoor.10.Thesunwasshiningbrightly,_everythingthere_morebeautiful.（make;look）_(surprise)atthewaythequestionwasputforward,thestudentsdidntknowtheanswertoit._inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.(lose)_inwhite,shelooksmorebeautiful.(dress)_ofthebo
19、ringspeech,theoldmanstartedtoreadanovel.(tire)A:此类形容词有excited/exciting；surprised/surprising;amazed/amazingembarrassed/embarrassingencouraged/encouraging;frustrated/frustrating;interested/interesting;thrilled/thrillingterrified/terrifying;pleased/pleasing,=pleasant;satisfied/satisfying;frightened/fri
20、ghteningtired/tiring;bored/boring;relaxed/relaxing;fascinated/fascinating;annoyed/annoyingmoved/moving;worried/worrying;confused/confusing;inspired/inspiringB：形容词短语belostin；bedressedin；beinterestedin；bedevotedto；becaughtin,beseatedin；bepreparedfor；bedeterminedto,befacedwith,bebasedon,betiredof，beloc
21、atedin,1.她坐在窗边，陷入了沉思。2.由于对医学非常感兴趣，他想成为一名医生。3.广州在中国的南方，总面积7000多平方公里。4.面对困难他从未放弃过。有一些分词或分词短语可用来表示说话人的态度或看问题的角度，这些分词或短语已转变为独立成份judgingfrom/by根据-来判断，franklyspeaking老实地说，坦率地说generallyspeaking一般地说strictlyspeaking严格地说properlyspeaking确切地说来taking-intoconsideration考虑到Supposing假如，takenasawhole总地来说，given考虑到，com
22、paredwith与-相比Judgingfromhisappearance，helookslikeanolddoctorStrictlyspeaking，herpronunciationisnotquitegoodTakenasawhole，thereisnothingwrongwiththearticleSupposingshedoesntcome,whatshallwedo?Giventheirinexperience,theyvedoneagoodjob.Consideringthedistance,hearrivedveryquickly.Takingeverythingintocon
23、sideration,youshouldleave.1._hesonlybeenlearningEnglishforayear,hespeaksitverywell.(Consider)2._thepast,ourlifeismuchbetter.A.ComparingwithB.BecomparedwithC.TocomparewithD.Comparedwith综合练习1._andoutofbreath,wereachedthetopofthemountainandstoppedtoadmirethebeautifulscenery.(tire)2.Eachofthemgotupearly
24、_tocatchtheearlybus.(hope)3.HowpleasedtheEmperorwas_whatthecheatssaid!(hear)4.Theyarrivedattheiruniversityverylate,_thegatecloselyshut.(find)5.After_forthejob,youwillberequiredtotakealanguagetest.(interview)6.Peterreceivedaletterjustnow_(say)hisgrandmawouldcometoseehimsoon.7.Asthelightturnedgreen,Is
25、toodforamoment,not_(move),andaskedmyselfwhatIwasgoingtodo.8._(walk)inthefieldsonaMarchafternoon,hecouldfeelthewarmthofspring.9._(wait)inthequeueforhalfanhour,theoldmansuddenlyrealizedhehadleftthechequeinthecar.10._(blame)forthebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork,Alicewasinlowspirits.11.Hehurriedtoth
26、ebookingofficeonly_(tell)thatalltheticketshadbeensoldout.12.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,_(make)itthemostpopularsportintheworld.13.Youweresillynot_(lock)yourcar.14.Ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood_(breathe).15._(complete)theprojectasplanned,wellhavetoworktwomorehoursada
27、y.16._(search)thewebsiteoftheFireDepartmentinyourcity,andyouwilllearnalotaboutfirefighting.17._(give)thegeneralstateofhealth,itmaytakehimawhiletorecoverfromtheoperation.18._thecornersofthehandkerchieftothepointsofthecross,andyouwillhaveanicestrongkite.(tie）19._theproblemwithmeandIllseewhatIcandowithit.（leave)20.Hefinishedhiswork,andwenthome_thebookonthedesk.(leave)