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1、_状语从句思维导图易考易错点总结状语从句包括时间状语从句、地点状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、原因状语从句、 目的状语从句和结果状语从句。对状语从句的考查主要集中在连接词上，尤其要重视 as, until, before, since, when, in case等连词的各种语义功能和语法功能。具体来说主要包括：1考查状语从句的连接词。要掌握各个连词的含义及其用法，还有它们之间的区别。如：时间状语的连词有while, when ，as， as soon as ，until ，not until ，before, after,since 等；条件状语从句的连词有if， unless,in
2、case,on conditionthat,provided(that),supposing,suppose(that) 等；结果状语从句的连词有so that( 如此以至于), such -可编辑修改 -_that( 如此以至于)等。2考查固定搭配和习惯用法的连接词。如：no sooner than ，hardly when ，scarcely before ，the moment/minute，directly 。3考查不同性质的连词在不同的语境中所表达的不同意义。如： as 既能引导时间状语从句，又能引导原因状语从句和让步状语从句；where 能引导地点状语从句和定语从句等。4考查状语从
3、句的时态。主要考查在时间、条件、让步状语从句中用一般现在时表将来及用一般过去时代替过去将来时的用法。5考查状语从句的省略。在时间、原因、条件、方式、让步等状语从句中，常常省略相同的主语或作主语的代词it 以及 be 动词，保留现在分词、过去分词、介词短语、不定式等成分。如果从句中有“it is形容词”结构，也可以省略it is 。6考查状语从句、宾语从句、简单句和并列句的句式结构。如： when引导时间状语从句意为“当的时候” ，引导宾语从句意为“什么时候”；if 引导条件状语从句意为“如果”，引导宾语从句意为“是否”等。一状语含义：修饰_词、 _词、 _词或 _，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分
4、.二状语从句：在主从复合句中做状语的从句。结构为：句子+引导词作状语。如： He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China.三状语从句分类：-可编辑修改 -_时间状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句条件状语从句 目的状语从句 结果状语从句方式状语从句比较状语从句让步状语从句状语从句名常用连词称时间When, while, as,as soon as, hardly when, no sooner than,scarcely.when, since( 自从 ),once,whenever, before, after ,till, un
5、til, themoment(the minute, the second, the instant, immediately,directly,instantly,),by the time, every time, each time, as long as(=so longas)地点Where, wherever条件If, unless, once( 一旦 就),in case(that) （万一） ,so long as(as long as),oncondition that ,as far as(so far as)原因Because, since( 既然 ),now that,
6、as , ,seeing that( 看到 ),consideringthat( 考虑到 )结果Such(a, an) that, so that, so, so that, that 目的So that in order that, for fear that, in case （以防，以免）让步Though, although, as, ever if= even though, whatever, whenever,wherever, however, whichever, whoever, whomever, no matter what, nomatter when, no matt
7、er where, no matter how no matter which, no matterwho, no matter whom,whether or not= whether or not( 不管 与否 )比较As as, not so/as as, more than, less than方式As, just as, as if=as though-可编辑修改 -_练习题1.While I was walkingalong the street, I foundmanybeatifulbuildings()2.Where there is a will, there is a w
8、ay. ()3.Now that/Since everybody is here, lets begin our meeting.（）4.I llspeak slowly so that you can understand me. ()5.So clever was he thathe was able to work out all the difficultproblems.()6.As long as you don tlose heart, youllsucceed. ()7.Try as he might, he could not find a job. ()8.The old
9、lady treats the boy as if he were his own son. ()9.He is taller than I am.()一. 时间状语从句时间状语从句常用1）When, while, as, 2 ）as soon as, hardly when/before , nosooner than, scarcely.when,whenever3）since( 自从 ),once, before, after ,till,until,4）the moment(the minute, the second, the instant, the day,the year ,）
10、by thetime, every time, each time,next time， any time . the first time ,the second time5）immediately, instantly ，directly), 等词来引导。例如：It was raining hard _ I got to school yesterday._ he was doing his homework, the telephone rang.-可编辑修改 -_ he walked along the lake, he sang happily.He had learned a li
11、ttle Chinese _ he came to China._ he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory.He was ill _ I saw him.No sooner had she heard the news _ he cried.1.连接词 when 的用法小结1)when可用来引导时间状语从句，意为“当的时候”从句的谓语动词可以是_，也可以是 _的。如：_ the film ended, they went back._ I lived there, I used to go to the seashore
12、on Sundays.2). When常用于下列句式：意为“就在那时”。如：was doing something whenwas about to do whenwas on the point of doing sth. whenhad done when3) when 可以表“既然”，如：How can I help them to understand _ they wontlisten to me?练习题 -填空1.We were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the storm started.2. He was about to tell me
13、the secret _ someone patted him on the shoulder.-可编辑修改 -_3. He transplanted the little tree to the garden _ it was the best time forit.4. Did Jack come back early last night? Yes. It was not yet eight o clock _ he arrived home.5. He was about halfway through his meal _ a familiar voice came to his e
14、ars.2.连接词 while 的用法小结1. while 可用来引导时间状语，意为“ _”；引导的动作必须是_，如：Please don ttalk so loud_ others are working.2. while 作为并列连词，意为“_”，表示对比。Jane was dressed in brown _ Mary was dressed in blue.3. while 也可用来引导让步状语，意为“ _”；相当于_ I admit that the problems are difficult , I dontagree that they can tbesolved.4 趁的情况
15、赶紧做 , 否则来不及了Strike _ the iron is hot.练习1.The cost of living in Glasgowis among the lowest in Britain, _ thequality of life is probably one of the highest.A. sinceB. whenC. asD. while2. _ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person.-可编辑修改 -_A. WhileB. SinceC. BeforeD. Unless3. _it
16、is true that a student smost important goal is to do well in his or her studies, it doesn tneed to be the only goal.AwhenBAsC WhileD Before4. Mary made coffeeher guests were finishing their meal.(全国 )A. so thatB. althoughC. whileD. asif3.as 用法小结1.引导时间状语从句：强调同时发生或紧接着发生，动作无先后。当时候一边一边随着2.引导原因状语从句： _3.引
17、导方式状语从句： _4.引导让步状语从句： _, 必须用 _5.引导比较状语从句： as as _6.引导定语从句： _7.介词： _练习题猜测词义， as 用法小结1.As I left the house, I forgot the key._2. As I get older, I get more optimistic._3. He hurried home, looking behind as he went._4. As the weather is so bad, we have to stay home._5. You can do it as you like._-可编辑修改
18、 -_6. Old as he is, he is still energetic._7. He speaks English as fluently as a native speaker._4.比较 while, when, as类别作用例句as 表示 “当 的时候 ”，往往和She came up as I was cooking.(同aswhen/ while 通用，但它着重强调时 )主句与从句的动作或事情同时或The runnersstarted asthegun几乎同时发生。went off.( 几乎同时 )(at or during the time that )既可以It wa
19、s raining when we arrived.(指whe表示在某一点的时候，又可表示在时间点 )某一段时间内，主句与从句的动作When we were at school, we wentn或事情可以同时发生也可以先后to thelibraryeveryday.( 在一段时发生。间内 )while 意思是 “当 的时候 ”或 “在Pleasedon ttalkso loudwhile某一段时间里 ”。主句中的动作或事others are working.whil情在从句中的动作或事情的进展He fell asleep while/when reading.e过程中发生，从句中的动词一般要
20、Strike while the iron is hot.(用 as 或用延续性动词。在when表示 awhen不可，这里的while意思是period of time 时，两者可以互换。“趁 ”)注意事项：a. as, when 引导短暂性动作的动词。例如：Just as / Just when / When I stopped my car, a man came up to me.我一刹车，有一个人向我走来。b. 当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前， 只能用 when 引导这个从句， 不可用 as 或 while 。例如：When you have finished your work, y
21、ou may have a rest.c.从句表示 随时间推移 连词能用 as，不用 when或 while 。例如：-可编辑修改 -_As the day went on, the weather got worse.日子一天天过去，天气越变越坏。练习题 -用 while, when, as填空： _I was walking down the street, I noticed a police car in front of the store. _ John arrived, I was cooking lunch. _ he grew older, he lost interest
22、in everything except gardening. How can he get good grades _ he wontstudy? ( 他不好好学习却能得高分，他是怎么做到的？When 表示虽然 ) I was wandering through the street_ I caught sight of a tailors shop. _ the grandparents love the children, theyare strict with them.对比练习1. We were about to leave_ it began to rain.2. She tho
23、ught I was talking about her son, _, in fact, I was talking about my son.3. Hardly had I finished my composition _ the bell rang.A. whenB. whileC. asD. during5.引导时间状语从句的连接词除上述外还有：till, until 和 not until1.until/till从句用于肯定句时，主句的动词是延续性动作，意为“_”。如： Wewaiteduntil/till he came.2用于否定句时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，意为“_”。如
24、：He won tgo to beduntil her father returns.3 till 不可以置于句首，而until 可以。如：Until you told me I had no idea of it.4 not until 句型中的强调和倒装说法：It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it.Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.练习题1. Was his father very strict with him when he was at school?
25、Yes. He had never praised him _ he became one of the top students in his grade.A. afterB. unlessC. untilD. when-可编辑修改 -_2. (03 上海 ) A good storyteller must be able to hold listenerscuriosity _he reaches the end of the story.A. whenB. unlessC. afterD. until3. It was not _ she took off her dark glasse
26、s _ I realized she was a famous film star.A. when; thatB. until; thatC. until; whenD. when; then6.连接词 before 的小结说出 before 含义1 We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land._2 We hadn trun a mile before he felt tired._3 Please write it down before you forget it._4 Before I could get in a
27、 word, he had measured me._before的有关句型1）It will be/ 段时间 before “还要过多久才”It will be two years before he leaves the country.2）It was + 时间段 +before从句 （动作已发生）Itwas three weeks before he came back3） It will not be long before“不多久就会”It won tbe long before she comes back4） It was not longbefore “不多久就了”如： It
28、 wasn tlong before he left the country.5）It is 时间 since 如：-可编辑修改 -_It is three years since she was in the army.It is three years since she joined the army.7.since 的用法1）. I have returned home four times since I came here.2）. She has been working here since he left school.3）. I have seen her twice sin
29、ce he lived here.4）. It is three years since the war broke out.5）. It was years since I had seen her.译： _总结：It is +some time + since + did.It was +some time + since+ had done.练习题1. He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation _ it got worse.A. untilB. whenC. beforeD. as2. Scientists say it
30、 may be five or six years _it is possible to test thismedicine on human patients.A. sinceB. afterC. beforeD. when3. Why didn tyou tell him about the meeting? He rushed out of the room_I could say a word.A. beforeB. untilC. whenD. after4. It is almost five years _ we saw each other last time.-可编辑修改 -
31、_A. beforeB. sinceC. afterD. Because对比练习1. It will be years _ we meet again.2. It is ten years _ I came to this town.3. It is ten years ago _ I came to this town.A. whenB. thatC. beforeD. since8.hardly / scarcely When/before , no sooner than, as soon as表示“一 就” ， once( 一旦 ).如果 hardly 或 no sooner 或 sc
32、arcely 置于句首，句子必须倒装。Hardly /scarcely had I got home when it began to rain._ I have finished it , I llgive you a call._ you show any fear, he will attack you.We had hardly got into the country _ it began to rain.=_when it began to rain. 用部分倒装 )No sooner had he arrived/ He had no soonerarrived_ she sta
33、rtedcomplaining.9.directly, immediately,instantly , the moment, the minute 一就He made for the door _he heard the knock.10. 一些含有 time 的名词短语，如 the first /second/lasttime,every time, eachtime, next time, by the time等，也可引导时间状语从句。-可编辑修改 -_The first time I drove the car, I felt very nervous.Next time you c
34、ome, please bring your composition.注意：表示未来情况，主句用将来时，从句用现在时。在时间和条件从句中， 主句是一般将来时， 从句通常用一般现在时表示一般将来或者用现在完成表示将来完成。e.g. We llgo outing if it doesn train tomorrow.Illwrite to you as soon as I get to Shanghai.Don tget off the bus until the bus has stopped .练习题1. Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? Yes. I gave it to her _ I saw her.A. whileB. the momentC. suddenlyD. although2. I thought her nice and honest _ I met her.A. first timeB. for the first timeC. the first timeD. by the first time3. _ entered the office when he realized thathe had forgotten his report.