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1、Y八 凹凸工乒悬可提分快 找凹凸 到凤凰VIP1对1,精品小班定语从句定语从句（Attributive Clause9在句中做定语，修饰一个 名词或代词,被修饰的名词， 词组或代词即 先行词（Antecedent）。定语从代通常出现在 先行词之后,由关系词（关系代词 或关系副词）引出1 .定义定语从句,就是用来修饰名词或代词的句子，起到定语的作用，所以叫做定语从句。被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况，它需要放在被修饰的词（即先行词） 之后。定语从句一般由 关系代词来引导。关系代词必须放在定语从句之首。2 .从句结构：包括先行词，关系词和定语。3 .关系词（1） 关系代词：tha
2、t,which,who,whom,whose,as（S定语中作主语，宾语，定语，表 语）-在句中作成分，说明后面的句子不完整。（2）关系副词：when,where,why,（S句中彳状语）后面的句子完整。1. 由that,who,whom作关系代词引导的定语从句，先行词指人。1 . Do you know the comerade spoke at the meeting yesterday?料者者B修饰前面的 comerade）.2 . This is the man（they say） is a good teacher.这里 who 还做了后面 they say 的宾语，有双重身份，所以
3、不能用that.）3 . This is the teacher I met in the street just now.（乍宾语，所以可以省略）。4 . My cousin, is an engineer, went to America last week. （1 上限定性定语从何, 不 能用that引导。）5 . 先行词是 he, they, those, one, ones, anyone，能用 who,不能用 that.Anyone breaks the law will be punished.Oneworks hard and without complain is welco
4、me here.6 .关系代词指人的先行词（先行词指人）存在于there be结构中用who。Eg. There is someoneis waiting for you at school gate.7 .先行词指人，关系代词在从句中做宾语时可以省略。Eg. This is the teacherI met in the street just now.8 .先行词指人，介词后紧随关系代词不能省略关系代词且必须用宾格，（关系代词在此时做宾语）。Eg. In the dark street, there was 什 a single person to she could turn for h
5、elp.In the dark street, there was 什 a single person she could turn to for help.9 .在非限定性定语从句中，先行词指人，关系代词作宾语，只能用 whom,不能用that.Eg. He is a man with rich experiencej we can learn a lot from.10 .在who引导的定语从句中（先行词指人），后只能用that引导的宾语从句作主语。Eg. Who is the boy is shouting in the classroom.11 .先行词指人，在定语从句中作表语时，用
6、that.Eg. Li Hong is no longer the girl she was before.12 .先行词又指人又指物，在定语从句中只用that.Eg. Watch the woman and her dog are crossing the street.13 .先行词指人，被the only, the very等最高级或序数词修饰时，做宾语用that.Eg. He was the only personI had invited.14 .为了平衡句子结构，有时要省略that或who（或都省略）。Eg. The manshe likes is the oneis both h
7、onest and brave.2. 先行词指物，关系代词that与which的区别。1 . 一般情况可以互换Eg. The machine can fly is plane.2 .介词+关系代词，不能用that,且不能省略which.Eg. This is the book in she could much interest.This is the book she could much interest in.3 .非限定性定语从句中不能用that,且不能省略which.Eg. I will buy a book, tells about the use of English idoms
8、.4 .先行词是that,作宾语时用which,也可省略。Eg. What was that you said about him.5 .先行词是 all, everything,anything, nothing,much,little,few 等不定代词时，关系代词用 that.Eg. Everything can be done has been done.6 .先行词被 all,any,every,much,little,no,only,very修饰时,用 that.Eg. Ask any questionyou dont understand.7 .先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时
9、，关系代词常用that.Eg. The first lesson I learned will never be forgotten.8 .由which引导的特殊疑问句中，含定语从句，先行词指物时，关系代词用that来避免重复。Eg. Which of the cows you keep produces more milk?9 .先行词指物，在定语从句中作表语，只用 that.Eg. Our hometown is no longer the one it used to be.10 .先行词指物，且在there be句型中，只用that.Eg. There is a seat in the
10、 coneris still free.11 .如果指的是相同的一个东西(同一个)用 that,而不用as,如表示相同，但不是同一个就 要用as.Eg. I have found my missing book and this is the same one I lost yesterday.12 .一个句中如果含有两个定语从句，先行词指物，第一个用 which,第二个用that,第一个用 that,第二个就要用which o3. 关系代词which和as的区别1 .都可以用来引导非限定性定语从句，可表示某一物的名词，也可代指整个事物。2 .(1) which可做介词的宾语，而as不可以。(
11、2.) which引导的非限定性定语从句一般在主语之后，as可前可后可中间，位置灵活。(3) as引导的非限定性定语从句有较为密切的上下关系。(4) as本身含有“正如.”之意，一般情况下放在句首。3 .先行词是某个具体的名词，且所指的名词在非限定性定语从句中又做了主语的时候，只用which而不用as.Eg. I like English very much, is a bridge to so much knowledge.4 .关系代词指代前面整个内容，并且在非限定性定语从句中作主语或宾语时，用which而不用asoEg. Light travels faster than soundJ
12、all teachers once told us.5 .固定结构：as引导的非限定性定语从句用于下列句型(句式)中。Eg. as is known to us all/ as we all know/as we can see/as is said/as is reported/as is expected/as is announced/as has happened/as we hoped用在旬首，旬中，旬尾；在句中作插入语(正如 )四.关系代词whoseWhose不单用，表示所属关系，即可指人也可指物，一般情况下可和of which互换，但有时不能。1 . The desk legs
13、Tom broke yesterday has been repaired.2 .先行词表示整体与部分的关系时（定语从句的主语），如little, some, most, mainly,few,much等时不能用whose来连接，只能用of which或of whom来连接。Eg. Jonn bought me much bread , little of tastes good.Those foreign teachers, most had never been to China before, are enjoyingtheir work here.3 .定语从句的主语是同位关系的代词（
14、与先行词是同位关系）如all, none, neither, each, either的时候用 of whom 或 of which , 不用 whose.Eg.He gave me many books,none was interesting.4 .定语从句的主语是数词时，用 of whom或of which ,不用whoseEg.My father has many books,seven perceniare written in English.五.关系代词as （可用作主语或宾语）1. 正如：as is.to.2. The same +n+as.Eg. I have the sam
15、e dictionary as you bought yesterday.3. such +n+as.像这样.像那样六.关系副词（后面句中完整，做宾语的从句，都考虑用关系副词，具体选择哪一个要根据意思来 看）.1. I will never forget these daysI lived with the farmers in the counterside.I will never forget these days I spent with the farmers in the countryside.2. This is the farmmy father used to work.T
16、his is the farm my father used to visit.3. This is the reasonhe was late.This is the reasonhe explained at the meeting.4. I will never forget the day I joined the Party.5. .the way （定语从句）6. 先行词是point,scene, case,situation,mark$时，首先考虑关系副词 where,再看从句中是否 有宾语，如没有就用that或which。Eg. I dont like the wayhe spokes to me.5