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1、Unit 4Earthquakes. 单词拼写1 They befriended the young girl, providing her with food and_(庇护；保护 ) 2 We were all_( 震惊 )when we heard about the accident.3 He was too excited to_(表达 )himself clearly.4 It is an area where natural_(灾害 )often happen.5 Many men were_( 埋葬 )underground when the accident at the m
2、ine happened.6 A great many houses were d_in the earthquake and many people became homeless.7 The interruption of e_made us unable to do anything on the computer.8 Many pipes b_before the earthquake happened.9 He was i_when he was working in his workshop.10 C_to you on your passing the driving test.
3、答案： 1.shelter2.shocked 3.express4.disasters5 buried 6.destroyed7.electricity8.burst9.injured10 Congratulations. 完成句子1You shouldnthave gone out to play_ _ _ _( 没完成作业 ) (leave)2That scientistknew nothingabout the matter,because he_ _ _ _ _( 总是专心于研究) (bury)3 _ _ _ _ _( 从她上一封信看),they are havinga wonderf
4、ultime.(judge)4 If a pen is partly put into the water, it looks_ _ _ _( 好像断了 ) (as)5 The boy_ _ _(突然大哭起来)on seeing the big dog.(burst)答案： 1.leaving your homework unfinished2.was always burying himself in his study/wasalways buried in his study3.Judging by/from her last letter4.as if it were broken5.
5、burstinto tears/burst out crying. 单项填空1 After the fire, the once beautiful house is_.A in ruinB on the ruin1C on ruinsD in ruins答案： Din ruins是固定短语，意为“严重受损，破败不堪”。句意：大火过后，曾经漂亮的房子成了一片废墟。2 _the number of cars,only_smallnumber of people have attendedthe meeting.A Judging from; aB Judged from; aC Judging
6、from; theD Judged from; the答案： A考查 judge 及 a/the number of的用法。句意：从车的数量来看，只有少数人参加了会议。judging from为固定用法，可先排除B、 D。 a number of意为“一些”，the number of意为“的数量”。3 The audience waited until the curtain rose and then_laughter at the sight of thefunny actor.A burst outB burst intoC broken intoD began with答案： B考查
7、词语搭配。burst into laughter burst out laughing，意为“大笑起来”。句意：观众们一直等到幕布拉起，然后一看到那个滑稽的演员，大家都突然大笑起来。breakinto “破门而入”；begin with“以开始”。4 _seems to me that you dont like that boy.A ThatB ItC HeD This答案： B it seems(to sb.)that.为固定句型，意为“好像”。5 To my anger, the dog followed me_I went.A everywhereB anywhereC any pla
8、ceD where there答案： A 考查 everywhere作连词的用法。 everywhere wherever/no matter where。6 As is reported ， _money is spent on tobacco every year.A a large amount ofB a large number ofC a great manyD a great many of答案： A money是不可数名词，因此只能用a large amount of( 许多，大量的 ) 修饰。句意：据报道，每年都有许多钱花在了烟草上。a number of 和 a great
9、 many 也有此意，但只能修饰可数名词。7 Thank you so much. You_me from an embarrassing situation.A rememberB recover2C rescueD reserve答案： Crescue sb. from.意思是“把某人从中解救出来”，符合题意。8(2010 天津， 11)Joiningthe firmas a clerk,he got rapidpromotion ，and_as a manager.A ended upB dropped outC came backD started off答案： A9 Lucy did
10、nt answer._， she looked out of the window, as if thinking.A ButB HoweverC InsteadD And答案： C考查词语辨析。 句意：露西没有回答。 相反，她向窗外看去， 好像在思考问题。instead “相反”，符合句意。10 He sighedagainandthefailureinphysicsseemed tohavecompletely_hisconfidence.A injuredB destroyedC shockedD attacked答案： B考查动词。句意：他叹了口气，物理考试不及格好像彻底摧毁了他的自信
11、心。injure指在事故中受伤或者损害名誉、自尊等；destroy “摧毁，毁灭”，符合句意；shock“使震惊”； attack “袭击”。11 _ was not careful enough in the test. I agree with you. Bob, for example, is always a careless boy.A AnyoneB NoneC AllD Everyone答案： D从答语知这一句话为部分否定句式，故应从C、D 中选择；而all若指人，应用复数谓语动词对应，故排除C。12 It was raining more and more heavily, a
12、nd we all stood there under the_， justoutside the door.A windowB tentC roofD shelter答案： D考查名词辨析。 由语境可知， 雨下得很大， 我们正在避雨， 地点就在“ outsidethe door ”，由此可以排除window, roof，更不可能是tent “帐篷”，所以应选shelter “躲避处”。13 Id like to offer my hearty_to you on your_.3A congratulate; getting marriedB congratulations; getting
13、marriedC congratulations; get marriedD congratulations; getting marry答案： B句意：我衷心祝贺你结婚了。句中应用“祝贺”的名词复数形式congratulations; on为介词，后应跟动词 -ing形式； get married为固定短语，表示“结婚”。14 It was_great shock to the world that two aeroplanes crashed into_WorldTrade Center in New York on September 11th, 2001.A a; /B a; theC
14、 the; theD /; the答案： Bshock 指具体事情时为可数名词，a great shock意为“一次沉重的打击”；由普通名词构成的指建筑物的专有名词需加冠词。15 He was so_when he saw a_snake that he jumped_.A frightened; frightened; in frightB frightened; frightening; with frightC frightening; frightening; in frightD frightening; frightened; with fright答案： B表示“感到害怕的”用f
15、rightened，表示“令人害怕的”用frightening, in fright“惊恐地”， with fright“由于害怕”。. 阅读理解AEveryone has heard of the San Andreas fault (断层 ), which constantly threatens Californiaand the West Coast with earthquakes.But how many people know about the equallyseriousNewMadridfault in Missouri?Between December of 1811 a
16、nd Februaryof 1812, threemajor earthquakesoccurred,allcenteredaround the town of New Madrid, Missouri, on the Mississippi River. Property damage was severe.Buildings in the area were almost destroyed. Whole forests fell at once, and huge cracks openedin the ground, releasing some strong smell chemic
17、als.The Mississippi River itself completely changed character, developing sudden rapids andwhirlpools(激流和漩涡). Several times it changed its course, and once, according to someobservers, it actually appeared to run backwards. Few people were killed in the New Madrid4earthquakes, probably simply becaus
18、e few people lived in the area in 1811; but the severity ofthe earthquakes was shown by the fact that the shock waves rang bells in church towers in Charleston, South Carolina, on the coast. Buildings shook in New York City, and clocks were stopped in Washington, D C.Scientistsnow know thatAmericast
19、wo major faultsare essentiallydifferent.The San Andreasisa horizontal(水平的 )boundarybetween two major landmasses thatare slowlymoving in oppositedirections. California earthquakes result when the two masses make a sudden move.The NewMadrid fault,on the otherhand,is a verticalfault;at some point,possi
20、blyhundredsof millions of years ago, rock was pushed up toward the surface, probably by volcanoes underthe surface. Suddenly, the volcanoes cooled and the rock collapsed, leaving huge cracks. Evennow, the rock continues to settle downwards, and sudden sinking motions cause earthquakes inthe region.
21、The fault itself, a large crack in this layer of rock, with dozens of other cracksthat split off from it, extends from northeast Arkansas through Missouri and into southernIllinois.Scientistswho have studiedthe New Madrid faultsay therehave been numerous smallerquakesin the area since 1811; these sm
22、aller quakes indicate that larger ones are probably coming, butthe scientists say they have no method of predicting when a large earthquake will occur.文章大意：本文通过历史回顾和科学分析，提醒人们多关注New Madrid 地区频繁的地震。1 This passage is mainly about_.A. the New Madrid faultB. the San AndreasC. the causes of faultsD. curre
23、nt scientific knowledge about faults答案： A主旨大意题。由本文第一段的最后一句话“But how many people know about the equallyserious New Madrid fault in Missouri？”可知。2 Which of the following pictures best describes the type of the New Madrid fault?5答案： B细节理解题。本文第四段和第五段内容可以判断The San Andreas fault是水平地震，而The New Madrid fault
24、是垂直地震，所以B 项正确。3 This passage implies that_.A. horizontal faults are more dangerous than vertical faultsB. vertical faults are more dangerous than horizontal faultsC. a lot of people would die if the 1811 New Madrid earthquakes happened todayD. the volcanoes that caused the New Madrid fault are still
25、 alive.答案： C推理判断题。本文无A、B 两项相关内容；根据第五段中第二句“Suddenly,the volcanoescooled and the rock collapsed, leaving huge cracks. Even now, the rock continues to settledownwards”可以排除D 项；根据第三段第三句“Few people were killedin the NewMadrid earthquakes,probably simply because few people lived in the area in 1811”可以推测答案为
26、C。BA powerful earthquake struck the northeastern coast of Japan at 2： 46 p. m. local time onMarch 11th, 2011. Japans Meteorological Agency released its first tsunami warnings just threeminutes later. The country has one of the best earthquake early warning systems in the world.There are over 4,000 S
27、eismic Intensity Meters(地震烈度测量仪) in place throughout Japan tomeasure earthquakeactivity.These meters provideinformationwithintwo minutesof an earthquakehappening.Informationabout the strengthand the centerof the earthquakecan be learnedwithinthreeminutes.There are alsoconcretesea wallsaround much of
28、 the Japanese coastline.But thesemeasures proved no match for the powerful earthquake and tsunami.Castas Synolakis is a tsunami expert in Los Angeles. He says,well-prepared countries on earth in terms of tsunami warning. They h“Japan is one of those most ad a warning. I think what6went wrong is that
29、 they had not anticipatedthe size of this event.”He says there are two reasons for this. Japan has not had any event anywhere near as bigas this one in the last 150 years. And scientists had not expected such a large earthquakehappening off the coast of Japan.The 9. 0-magnitudeearthquakewas the 4th
30、most powerfulearthquakeever recordedworldwide.Itwas alsothe worstearthquakeever to hitJapan.The tsunamiwaves thatfollowedwere reportedto have reached as high as 13 meters in some areas.Costas Synolakis says Japans concrete sea walls were not built to handle such high waves.A tsunami wave can travel
31、as fast as 800 kilometers per hour. To get to higher ground peoplewould often have to travel for many kilometers. This can take more time than a fast travelingtsunami will permit. This is especially true in cases like Japan, where the center of theearthquake struck so close to the coastline. The tsu
32、nami waves followed almost immediately.Expertssay earlywarningsystems willcontinueto be limitedby these_factsuntilearthquakesand tsunamis can be predicted.文章大意： 本文是科技文。 日本的地震预警系统位居世界前列，能在地震发生后的两分钟内提供信息。三分钟内能够提供有关地震强度和震中的信息。在海啸预警方面，日本是世界上准备工作做得最充分的国家之一，但这次他们没有预测出这次海啸的规模如此之大。4 From the second paragrap
33、h we can infer that_.A Japan is an island countryB the center of the earthquake is located in the northeastern coastC the meters in Japan have dropped behindD many measures have been carried out to reduce the consequences of earthquakes in Japan答案： D推理判断题。 A 说法正确，但不是本段的推理；B 不是由第二段推理得出的，是第一段中明示 的 信 息
34、 。 根 据 “Thesemetersprovideinformationwithintwominutesofanearthquakehappening.Informationabout thestrengthand the centerof theearthquakecan be learnedwithinthree minutes.”判断，C 项推理错误。 D 项根据所列事实可以推断得出。5The underlined word“anticipated” in the third paragraph probably means“_”A. predictedB. measuredC. co
35、untedD. prevented答案： A猜测词义题。根据第四段和第五段信息可知，日本的海啸预警系统是世界上最好的之一，此次失误在于没有预料到海啸的规模如此大。76 The underl inedwords“thesefacts ”inthelastparagraphrefertothefollowingEXCEPT_.A. the concrete sea walls cant control the waveB. it is the worst earthquake happening in Japan in the historyC. the speed of the tsunami
36、is frightening and quickD. there are many earthquakes in Japan答案： D细节认定题。根据文章倒数第二段、倒数第三段内容可知答案为D。7 Which may be the best title of this passage?A. Earthquakes and tsunamis can be predictedB. A 9.0-magnitude earthquake hit JapanC. Japans concrete sea wallsD. A report about Japans early warning systems答案： D主旨大意题。根据全文内容判断，文章介绍日本拥有世界上最先进的地震、海啸预警系统，但没有预料到这次大地震和海啸如此之猛。8 On which column of China Daily can you find the passage?A. TechnologyB. Culture discoveryC. TravelD. History答案： A推理判断题。本文主要介绍的是日本的地震、海啸预警系统的先进性和局限性。8