《人教版小学1--6年级单词语法练习总汇（学生用）.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《人教版小学1--6年级单词语法练习总汇（学生用）.doc（19页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、人教版小学1-6年级单词语法练习总汇一， 学习用品 pen钢笔 pencil铅笔 pencil-case铅笔盒 ruler尺子 book书 bag包 school-bag书包eraser橡皮 sharpener卷笔刀 Chinese book语文书 English book 英语书 math book 数学书二，人体 foot脚 head头 face脸 hair头发 nose 鼻子 mouse嘴 eye眼睛 ear耳朵 arm手臂 hand手 finger手指 leg腿 tail尾巴 三，颜色red红 blue蓝 yellow黄 green绿 white白 black黑 pink粉红 purp
2、le紫 orange橙 brown棕 四，动物cat猫 dog狗 pig猪duck鸭子 rabbit兔子 house马 elephant大象 ant蚂蚁 fish鱼 bird鸟 snake蛇 mouse老鼠 monkey猴子 panda熊猫 bear熊 lion狮子 tiger老虎 fox狐狸 zebra斑马 deer鹿 giraffe长颈鹿 hen母鸡 goat山羊 cow奶牛 五，人物friend朋友 boy男孩 girl女孩 mother母亲 father父亲 sister姐妹 brother兄弟 uncle叔叔 man男人 woman女人 Mr先生 Miss小姐 mom妈妈 dad爸爸
3、 parents父母 son儿子 grandma/grandmother（外）祖母. grandpa/grandfather（外）祖父 aunt阿姨 baby婴儿people人物 robot机器人六，职业 teacher教师 student学生 doctor医生 nurse护士 driver司机 farmer 农民 singer歌唱家 writer作家 policeman男警察 policewoman女警察七，食品，饮料rice米饭 bread面包 beef牛肉 milk牛奶 water水 egg蛋 fish鱼 cake蛋糕 hot dog热狗 hamburger汉堡包 French frie
4、s炸薯条 noodles面条 meat肉 chicken鸡肉 vegetable蔬菜 soup汤 ice-cream冰激凌 Coke可乐 juice果汁 tea茶 coffee咖啡 breakfast早餐 lunch午餐 dinner 晚餐 八，水果， 蔬菜apple苹果 banana香蕉 pear梨 orange橙子 watermelon西瓜 green beans青豆 tomato西红柿 potato土豆 peach桃 strawberry草莓 carrot胡萝卜 cabbage卷心菜九，衣服shirt衬衫 T-shirt T恤衫 skirt裙子 dress连衣裙 jeans牛仔裤 pan
5、ts长裤 socks袜子 shoes鞋子 sweater毛衣 coat上衣 shorts短裤 hat（有沿的）帽子 cap便帽 sunglasses太阳镜 十，交通工具bike自行车 bus公共汽车 train火车 boat小船 ship轮船 car小气车 taxi出租车 jeep吉普车 van小货车 plane飞机 十一，杂物window窗户 door门 desk课桌 chair椅子 bed床 computer计算机 picture图画 wall墙 floor地板 football足球 present礼物 walkman随身听 phone电话 sofa沙发 table桌子 TV电视 toy玩
6、具 doll洋娃娃 ball球 balloon气球 kite风筝 box盒子 umbrella雨伞 violin小提琴 flower花 grass草 tree树 （十一） 房屋home家 room房间 bedroom卧室 classroom教室 school学校 park公园 library图书馆 farm农场 zoo动物园十三，课程Chinese语文 maths数学 English英语 art美术 PE体育 music science科学十四，气象cold寒冷的 warm暖和的 cool凉爽的 snowy下雪的 sunny晴朗的 hot炎热的 rainy下雨的 windy有风的 cloudy
7、多云的 十五，景物 ，river河流 lake湖泊 house房子 cloud云 sun太阳 moon月亮 sky天空 十六，星期。Monday星期一 Tuesday星期二 Wednesday星期三 Thursday星期四 Friday星期五 Saturday星期六 Sunday星期日 十七，月份。Jan.(January)一月 Feb.(February)二月 Mar.(March)三月 April四月 May五月 June六月 July七月 Aug.(August)八月 Sept.(September)九月 Oct.(October)十月 Nov.(November)十一月 Dec.(De
8、cember)十二月十八，季节。spring春 summer夏 fall / autumn 秋 winter冬十九，方位east东 south南 west西 north北 left左边 right右边 二十，数词。one一 two二 three三 four四 five五 six六 seven七 eight八 nine九 ten十 eleven十一 twelve十二 thirteen十三 fourteen十四 fifteen十五 sixteen十六 seventeen十七 eighteen十八 nineteen十九 twenty二十 thirty三十 forty四十 fifty五十 sixty六
9、十 seventy七十 eighty八十 ninety九十 hundred百 first第一 second第二 third第三 forth第四 fifth第五 eighth第八 ninth第九 twelfth第十二 twentieth第二十 二十一，形容词。big大的 small小的 long长的 tall高的 short短的，矮的 young年轻的 old旧的，老的 strong强壮的 thin瘦的 nice好看的 favourite最喜爱的 tired疲劳的 angry生气的 happy高兴的 taller更高的 shorter更矮的stronger更强壮的 older年龄更大的 youn
10、ger更年轻的 bigger更大的 heavier更重的 longer更长的 thinner 更瘦的smaller更小的better更好的 good好的 fine好的 heavy重的 new新的 fat胖的 right对的 hungry饥饿的 little小的 lovely可爱的 beautiful漂亮的 cheap便宜的 expensive昂贵的 二十二，介词。in在里 on在上 under在下 near在旁边 behind在后边 next to与相邻 over在上面 in front of在前面 at 在 between 在 (两者)之间二十三，代词。I me我 my我的 mine我的 w
11、e us我们 our我们的 you你，你们 your你的，你们的 he him他 his他的 she her她 her她的 it它 its它的 they them他们 their他们的二十四，动词play玩 swim游泳 skate滑冰 fly飞 jump跳 walk走 run跑 climb爬 fight打架 eat吃 sleep睡觉 like喜欢 have有，吃 sing唱歌 dance跳舞 thank谢谢 love爱 work工作 drink喝 look看 help帮助 open打开 close关上 read读 write写 ride骑 drive驾驶 wash洗 think想 wear穿
12、 go home回家 go to bed上床睡觉 do homework做作业 do housework作家务 watch TV看电视 read books读书 wash the clothes洗衣服 eat breakfast吃早饭 eat dinner吃午饭 go to school去上学 have English class上英语课 get up起床 play the piano弹钢琴 fly kites放风筝 draw pictures画画 cook dinner做饭 read a book看书 listen to music听音乐 drink water喝水 ride a bike骑
13、自行车 小学1-6年级基础语法知识1 不规则动词的过去式如下 do-did go-went fiy-flew see-saw swim-swam buy-bought are-were is/am-was take-took eat-ate sing-sang leave-left get-got tell-told sweep-swept run-ran say-said come-came have-had drink-drank wear-wore write-wrote sit-sat give-gave feel-felt find-found bring-brought catch
14、-caught make-made read-read hurt-hurt let-let put-put set-set meet-met draw-drew 2反义词，对应词。black-white girl-boy befor- after newold Mrs-Mr over-under big-small in-out askanswer old-yound up-down open-close good-bad yes-no here-there right-wrong come-go this-that fat-thin light-heavy teacher-student s
15、hort-long/tall clean-dirty strong-thin same-different on-under today-yestoday early-late hot-cold north-sorth warm-cool sister-brother cry-laugh busy-free far-near full-hungry lightdark sadexcited teachstudy put ontake offget off-get on go to bed-get up go there-come here3同音词 high-hi there-their two
16、-to/too four-for here-hea meet-meat whose-whos where-wear right-write our-hour I-eye why-Yy Uu-you know-no are-Rr see-sea-Cc one-won sun-son buy-by Oo-oh arent-aunt4近义词photo-picture hello-hi desk-table nice-good always-often kid-child arrive-get to must-have to sure-certainly many-a lot of would lik
17、e-want pretty-beautiful eigher-too gift-present 5完全缩写形式arenot=arent is not=isnt do not=dont did not=didnt does not=doesnt can not=cant was not=wasnt I will=Ill I am=Im I would=Id Let us=Lets they are=theyre what is=whats she is=shes it is=its he is=hes I will=Ill we will=well were not=werent mister=
18、Mr centimeter=cm厘米 一， 一般情况在词未直接加“s”. 如：bookbooks girl-girls二， 如果单词以s,x,ch,sh结尾，则在词尾加“es”. 如box-boxes dress-dresses watch-watches 三，以字母o结尾的单词，该词是有生命体加“es”，该词是无生命体加“s”。 如：tomatotomatoes(西红柿) potatopotatoes（土豆） photophotos(照片) radioradios(收音机)四， 以y结尾的单词，y前是元音的加s,y前是辅音的把y变成i再加es. 如：boyboys daydays babyb
19、abies familyfamilies country-countries 五， 以f,fe结尾的单词去掉f,fe再加ves. 如：knife-knives leaf-leaves wifewives shelfshelves.六， 不规则变化的名词。 footfeet goosegeese toothteeth deerdeer mousemice fishfish manmen ChineseChinese womanwomen sheepsheep childchildren thisthese thatthose youyou JapaneseJapanese policemanpo
20、licemen is/amare it/he/she-they 7名词形容词。 ChinaChinese JapanJapanese AmericaAmerican sunsunny snowsnowy windwindy funfunny rainrainy noisenoisy helphelpful friendfriendly exciteexcited useuseful lovelovely colourcolourful 8动词名词 climbclimber writewriter singsinger drivedriver workworker teachteacher cl
21、eancleaner farmfarmerplayplayer runrunner9动词的现在分词。1一般情况加ing. 如：readreading dodoing2.以e结尾的单词去掉e再加ing. 如：makemaking drivedriving writewriting3.以重读闭音节结尾的单词双写末尾辅音字母再加ing.如；swimswimming runrunning10形容词的比较级和最高级的构成。 单音节词的构成如下：1一般在词尾加er或est. 如：talltaller longlonger2.以e结尾的单词加er或est. 如：finefiner latelater3.以辅
22、音字母加y结尾的单词把y变成i再加er或est. 如：heavyheavier easyeasier4.以重读闭音节结尾的单词双写末尾辅音字母再加er或est.如：bigbigger thinthinner fatfatter5.不规则变化。goodbetterbest badworseworst manymoremostlittlelessleast farfartherfarthest 多音节词在词前加more.或most.11动词的过去式。1，一般情况加ed. 如：visitvisted learnlearned2以e结尾的单词直接加d.。 如：makemaked writewrited
23、3.以辅音加y结尾的单词把y变成i再加ed。 如：studystudied 以元音加y结尾的单词直接加ed. 如：playplayed 3以重读闭音节结尾的单词双写末尾辅音字母再加ed. 如：stopstopped 12序数词的缩写形式。first1st second2nd third3rd fourth4th fifth5th eighth8th ninth9th twelfth12th twentieth20th twenty-first21st 一、名词复数规则1一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2以s. x. s
24、h. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries4以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives5不规则名词复数：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-
25、fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese写出下列各词的复数 I _him _this _her _watch _child _photo _diary _day_ foot_ book_ dress _tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry _thief _yo-yo _ peach_ sandwich _man_ woman_ paper_ juice_water_ milk_ rice_ tea_二、一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍 【No. 1】一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：T
26、he sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加-s或-es。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时的变化1.
27、be动词的变化。否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?2.行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+ dont( doesnt ) +动词原形(+其它)。如：I dont like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt构成否定句。如：He doesnt often play.一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如：-
28、Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I dont.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work?动词+s的变化规则1一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks2以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watc
29、h-watches, go-goes3以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies一般现在时用法专练:一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink _ go _ stay _ make _look _ have_ pass_carry _come_ watch_ plant_ fly _study_ brush_ do_teach_二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on M
30、onday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.10. There _(be) some water in the bottle.11
31、. Mike _(like) cooking.12. They _(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _(do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE.18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.19
32、. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.20.What day _(be) it today? Its Saturday.三、按照要求改写句子1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)_2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)_ 4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_5. We go to school e
33、very morning.(改为否定句)_6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)_7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)_8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)_9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句)_五、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)1. Isyour brother speak English? _2. Do
34、es he likes going fishing? _3. He likes play games after class. _4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _5. She dont do her homework on Sundays. _三、现在进行时1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.3现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。4现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。5现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词不达意 + be + 主语 + 动词ing? 但
35、疑问词当主语时其结构为： 疑问词不达意 + be + 动词ing?动词加ing的变化规则1一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting3如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play_ run_ swim _make_go_ like_write_ _ski_ read_ have_ sing_ dance_put_ see_ buy _ love_ live_
36、 take_ come _get_stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice foodnow.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson .6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the g
37、irls _(dance )in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(listen ) to music.9. Its5oclock now. We _(have)supper now10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .三、句型转换：1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)_2The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)_3Im playing the f
38、ootball in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问)_4Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部分进行提问)_四、将来时理论及练习一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。 二、基本结构：be going to + do；will+ do. 三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）l后加not或情态动词will后加not成wont。
39、例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑问句： be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1. 问人。Who 例如：Im going to New York soon. Whos going to New York soon.2. 问干什么。What