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1、大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案（二）六 As the pace of life continues to increase ,we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through lift,being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.Stress is an natural pa
2、rt of everyday lift and there is no way to avoid it. In fact ,it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be .A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation adn give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.The
3、 amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress,and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress,in whatever form,w
4、e react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between fight or flight and in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme,but however little the stress,it involves the same response. It is when such
5、a reaction lasts long,through continued exposure to stress,that health becomes endangered.Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress.Since we cannot remove stress from our lives(it would be unwise to do so even if we could),we need to find way
6、s to deal with it.1.People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because_.a.they do not know how to enjoy themselvesb.they do not believe that relaxation is important for healthc.they are travelling fast all the timed.they are becoming busier with their work2.According to the writer
7、 ,the most important character for a good manager is his _.a.not fearing stressb.knowing the art of relaxationc.high sense of responsibilityd.having control over performance3.Which of the follwing statements is ture?a.We can find some ways to avoid stressb.Stress is always harmful to peoplec.It is e
8、asy to change the hagit of keeping oneself busy with work.d.Different people can withstand different amounts of stress4.In Paragraph 3, such a reaction refers back to_.a.making a choice between flight or fightb.reaction to stress both chemically and physicallyc.responding to crises quicklyd.losing h
9、eart at the signs difficulties5.In the last sentence of the passage,do so refers to _.a.expose ourselves to stressb.find ways to deal with stressc.remove stress from our livesd.established links between diseases and stress答案：dadbc七 In the 1960s, many young Americans were dissatisfied with American s
10、ociety. They wanted to end the Vietnam War and to make all of the people in the U.S. epual. Some of them decided to drop out of American society and form their own societies . They formed utopian communities , which they called communes, where they could follow their philosophy of do your own thing.
11、 A group of artists founded a commune in southern Colorado called Drop City. Following the ideas of philosopher and architect Buckminster Fuller they built domeshaped houses from pieces of old cars. Other groups, such as author Ken Keseys Merry Pranksters, the followers fo San Francisco poet Steve G
12、akin, and a group that called itself the Hog Farm, lived in old school huses and traveled around the United States. The Hog Farm become famous when they helped organize the Woodstock Rock Festival in 1969. Steve Gaskins followers tried to settle down on a farm in Tennessee, but they had to leave whe
13、n some members of the gruop were arrested for growing marijuana.Not all communes believed in the philosophy of do you own thing, however . Twin Oaks , a commune founded in Virgiania in the late 1960s, was based on the ideas of psychologist B.F.Skinner. The people who lived at Twin Oaks were carefull
14、y controlled by Skinners conditioning techniques to do things that were good for the community. In 1972, Italian architect Paolo Soleri began to build Arcosanti, a utopian city Arizsona where 2500 people will live closely together in one large building called an archology Soleri believes that people
15、 must live closely together so that they will all become one.1.Why did some young Americans decide to drop out of scoiety during the 1960s?a.They were not satisfied with American society.b.They wanted to grow marijuana.c.They wanted to go to the Vietnam War.d.They did not want all people to be equal
16、.2.Where did the members of the Hog Farm commune live?a.In dome-shaped houseb.In old school husesc.On a farm inTennesseed.In an archology in Arizona3.Who gave the people of Drop City the idea to bulid dome-shaped house?a.Paolo Solerib.B.G.Skinnerc.Steve Gaskind.Buckminster Fuller4.What was the Twin
17、Oaks commune base on ?a.The philosophy of do your own thingb.Virginaia in the late 1960sc.The ideas of psychologistd.The belief that people must live closely togerher.5.What is an archology?a.A person who studies archaeologyb.A large building where people live closely togetherc.A city in A rizonad.A
18、 technique to contorl people答案：abdcb八 There are two factors which determine an individuals intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have
19、 a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individualthe sort of environment in which he is reared. If an individual is handicapped envionmentally ,it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level
20、of intelligence of which he is capable.The importance of environment in determining an individuals intellingence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark X. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When
21、the twins were three months old , their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was reated by parents of low intelligence in an isolatedcommunity with poor educational pooprtunities.Mark was reared inthe home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as
22、 a child , sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually.This enviromental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were giben tesets to measure their intelligence. Marks I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and
23、fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities , the twins , having identical brains,would have tested at roughly the same level.1.This selection can best be titled_.a.Measuring Your Intelligenceb.Intelligence and Environmentc.The Case of Peter and Markd.How the brai
24、n Influences Intelligence2.The beststatement of the main idea of this passage is that _.a.human brains differ considerablyb.the brain a person is born with is improtant in determining his intelligencec.environment is crucial in determining a persons intelligenced. persons having identical brains wil
25、l have roughly the same intelligence3.According to the passage , the average I.Q.is _.a.85b.100c.110d.1254.The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that _.a.individual with identical brains seldom test at same levelb.an individuals intelligence is determined only by his enviro
26、mentc.lack of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligenced.changes of enviroment produce changes in the structure of the brain5.This passage suggests that an individual s I.Q._.a.can be predicted at birthb.stays the same throuthout his lifec.can be increased by educationd.is determined by his chil
27、dhood答案：bcbcc九 As she walked round the huge department store,Edith reflected how difficult it was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.She wish that he was as easy to please as her mother, who was always delighted with perfumeBesides,shoppong at this time of the year was a most disg
28、reeable experience :people trod on your toes,poked you with their elbows and almost knocked you overin their haste to get to a bargain ahead of you.Partly to have a rest, Edith paused in front of a counter where some attracive ties were on display. They are real silk, the assistant assured her, tryi
29、ng to tempt her. Worth double the price. But edit knew from past experience that her choice of ties hardly ever pleased her father.She moved on reluctantly and then quite by chance, stopped where a small crowd of man had gathered round a counter. She found some good quality pipes on sale-and the pri
30、ces were very reasonable. Edith did not hesitate for long : although her father only smoked a pipe occasionally, she knew that this was a present which was bund to please him.When she got home,with her small well-chosen present concealed in her handbag, her parents were already at the supper table.
31、Her mother was in an especially cheerful mood, Your father has at last to decided to stop smoking. She informed her daughter.1.Ediths father _.a.did not like presentb.never got presentc.preferred tiesd.was difficult to choose a present for2.The assistant spoke to Edith because she seemed_.a.attracti
32、veb.interested in tiesc.tiredd.in need of comfort3.Edith stopped at the next counter_.a.puroselyb.suddenlyc.unwillinglyd.accidentally4.Ediths father smoked a pipe_.a.when he was obligedb.on social occasionsc.from time to timed.when he was delighted5.Shopping was very disagreeable at that time of the
33、 year because_.a.coustomers trod on each others toesb.coustomers poked each other with their elbowsc.customers knocked each otherd.customers were doing their shopping in a great hurry答案：dbdcd十 If the population of the earth goes on increasing at its present rate, there will eventually not be enough
34、resources left to sustain life on the planet.By the middle of the 21st century,if present trends continue, we will have used up all the oil that drives our cars,for example.Even if scientists develop new ways of feeding the human race,the crowded conditions on earth will make it necessary for lus to
35、 look for open space somewhere else. But none of the other planets in our solar system are capable of supporting life at present. One possible solution to the problem, however,has recently been suggested by American scientist, Professor Carl Sagan.Sagan believes that before the earths resources are
36、compleetely exhausted it will be possible to change the atmophere of Venus and so create a new world almost as large as earth itself. The difficult is that Venus is much hotter than the earth and there is only a tiny amount of water there.Sagan proposes that algae organisms that can live in extremel
37、y hot or cold atmospheres and at the same time produce oxygen,should be bred in condition similar to those on Venus.As soon as this has been done, the algae will be placed in small rockets. Spaceship will then fly to Venus and fire the rockets into the atmosphere .In a fairly short time, the alge wi
38、ll break down the carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbon.When the algae have done theri work, the atmosphere will become cooler,but befor man can set foot on Venus it will be neccessary for the oxygen to produce rain. The surface of the planet will still be too hot for man to land on it but the rain
39、will eventually fall and in a few years something like earth will be reproduced on Venus.1.Inte long run, the most insoluble problem caused by population growth on earth will probably be the lack of _.a.foodb.oilc.spaced.resources2.Carl Sagan believes that Venus might be colonized from earth because
40、 _a.it might be possible to change its atmosphereb.its atmosphere is the same as the earthsc.there is a good supply of water on Venusd.the days on Venus are long enough3.On Venus there is a lot of _.a.waterb.carbon dioxidec.carbon monoxided.oxygen4.Algae are plants that can_.a.live in very hot temperaturesb.live in very cold temperaturesc.manufacture oxygend.all of the above5. Man can land on Venus only when_.a.the algae have done their workb.the atmosphere becomes coolerc.thereis oxygend.it rains there答案：cabdd