大学英语四级改革适用(段落翻译)-试卷242.docx

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1、大学英语四级改革适用(段落翻译)-试卷 242(总分:12.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、 Translation(总题数:6,分数:12.00)1.Part Translation (分数:2.00)_解析:2.面对高房价,作为城市“ 夹层人 ”(sandwich layer)大学毕业生们生活得比较艰苦。最近,政府开始 采取措施帮助低收入人群,特别是那些难以租到价格合适房屋的毕业生。政府将考虑年轻租房者的切身利 益,建设更多的小户型 公租房 (public rental house)。申请公租房的程序也日趋简单。在深圳,符合条 件的人只需提供身份证、学历证书及工作证明即可申办。(分数:2.

2、00)_正确答案:(正确答案: Facing the high housing prices, the college graduates, as the sandwich layer of the city, live quite a hard life. Recently, the government begins to take measures to help people on a low income, particularly those graduates who struggle to find affordable accommodation. The governmen

3、t will take the vital interests of the young renters into consideration and build more small apartments as public rental houses. The procedure of applying for a public rental house is becoming simple. In Shenzhen, a qualified person just needs to offer his/her identification card, education and work

4、ing certificates.)解析:解析:1第 1 句的主语是“大学毕业生们”,“作为城市夹层人”用 as 引导短语 asthe“sandwich layer”of thecity 来表达,作插入语。“面对高房价”用现在分词短语作方式状语,译 作 facing the high housing prices,置于句首。 2第 2 句中,定语“那些难以租到价格合适房屋的” 很长,故将其处理成定语从句,“价格合适”可以理解为“租得起的”,因此,这个定语从句可译为 who struggle to find affordable accommodation。 3第 3 句中的“考虑,建设”可用并

5、列结构来 表达 takeinto consideration and build。“考虑”可译为 consider 或 take sth. into consideration。 “建设更多的小户型公租房”如果逐字对译为 build moresmall public rental apartments 表达不够贴切, 此处应理解为“建设更多的小户型公寓来当作公租房”,故译作 build more small apartments aspublic rental houses。 4最后一句中的“学历证书及工作证明”表达 education and working certificates , 合

6、并“证书”和“证明”,只需译出一个。“申办”也因句子已达意省略不译。3.随着网购的进一步盛行,小型城市的消费者有了新的购物目标,从网店购买 平价奢侈品 (affordable luxury) 。这些消费者年龄在 25 岁到 40 岁之间。借助网络,他们购买了很多昂贵的服装、手包和 配饰 (accessories) 。不同于 “冲动型”消费者 (impulse shopper) ,他们日趋变得理性、成熟。他们不去选 择大牌子的产品,看重的是产品质量和风格。当然,价格便宜是促使他们网购奢侈品的首要原因。 (分数:2.00) _ 正确答案:(正确答案: As online shopping prev

7、ails further, the consumers in small cities have a new shopping target which is to buy affordable luxuries from online stores. These consumers age between 25 and 40. Via the Internet, they have bought many expensive clothes, handbags, and accessories. Different from impulse shoppers, they are gettin

8、g more rational and mature. They dont choose a big brand product. Instead, they emphasize on the products quality and style. Of course, low price is the leading reason for them to purchase luxury products online.) 解析:解析:1第 1 句中的“随着网购的进一步盛行”作状语,可用 as 引导从句,译作 as online shopping prevails fur-ther,或处理成伴

9、随状语,用 with 引导,译作 with the increasing popularity of online shopping。“从网店购买平价奢侈品”可处理为“购物目标”的定语从句,表达为 which is to buy affordable luxuries fromonline stores 。 2第 3 句中的“借助网络”表达为 via the Internet ,也 可用短语 with the help of the Internet 或 throughthe Internet 来表达。 3第 4 句中的“不同于冲 动型消费者”可表达为 being different from

10、,但不如用形容词短语 differentfrom 来得简单。“日趋”用现在进行时来表达即可,译作 are getting。 4倒数第 2 句“他们不去选择,看重的是” 两个分句之间是转折的关系,采用“拆译”方法,用 instead 来表转折能更好地表达原意。4.风是一种潜力很大的新能源。 风能 (wind energy)既清洁又可再生,所以越来越受到世界各国的重视。 我国的风力资源极为丰富,绝大多数地区的平均风速都在每秒 3 米以上。早在 20 世纪 70 年代,中国就开 始了发展 风力发电 (wind power) 的努力。到 2010 年,中国 风电装机容量 (installed wind

11、 power capacity) 超过美国,成为风力发电的第一大国。风力发电为保护环境做出了巨大的贡献。(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案: Wind is a new energy with great potential. Clean and renewable, wind energy receives increasing attention from countries around the world. China boasts rich wind resources with the average wind speed faster than 3 meters a sec

12、ond in most of its region. Chinas efforts to develop wind power can be traced back to as early as the 1970s. In 2010, Chinas installed wind power capacity exceeded that of the United States, making China the biggest giant in wind power. Wind power has made great contribution to protecting the enviro

13、nment.)解析:解析:1第 2 句“风能既清洁,所以”可译为主从复合句,将后半句处理为 so 等引导的 结果状语从句,也可将前半句处理成原因状语,表达为(being)clean and renewable 。 2在第 3 句中, 前半句“我国的风力资源极为丰富”明显是句子的重点,故处理成主句,后半句为补充说明,处理为状语, 用介词 with 加上独立主格结构表达出来,译作 China boastswith the average wind speedfaster。 谓语 boast 表示“自豪地拥有”。 3第 4 句“早在,中国就开始了”可直译为 China began its effor

14、ts to develop wind power as earlyas the 1970s ,但译文的表达更能体现出“时间的久远性”。 4倒 数第 2 句中的“成为风力发电的第一大国”表结果,故将其处理成结果状语,用分词短语 making Chinathe biggest giant in wind power 来表达。注意不能直接译为 becoming the biggest,因为句子的主 语是“风电装机容量”而不是“中国”,所以在翻译前,应转换原文为“使中国成为”。5.随着电子商务的兴起和网购的流行, 快递业 (express delivery industry)应运而生。快递公司提供上

15、门收件服务,收件后就会以尽可能快的速度送到顾客手上。然而,对快递延误的投诉却持续不断。为了提 高投递服务质量, 国家标准化管理委员会 (the National Standardization Management Committee)实施 了一套新标准。该标准规定,城际之间投递包裹的时间不得超过 72 小时,否则将被认定为延误,顾客即有 权索赔。(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案: Express delivery industry emerged with the rise of electronic commerce and the popularity of online sho

16、pping. The pick-up service is available in express companies, and after getting the packages, theyll send them to customers as quickly as possible. However, consumers complaints towards delay of delivery continue. To improve the delivery services, the National Standardization Management Committee ha

17、s put into place a new set of standards. According to them, the delivery time for a package between two cities should be less than 72 hours. Otherwise, the delivery will be considered delayed, giving customers the right to seek compensation.) 解析:解析:1第 1 句中的“随着,应运而生”可套用句型 sthemerge aswith,其中 as 后 接句子

18、,with 后接名词性短语。译文选用 with,故将“电子商务的兴起”和“网购的流行”均处理为名词 短语形式,分别译作 rise ofelectronic commerce 及 popularity of online shopping。翻译该句时还需 注意动词的时态,谓语动词“应运而生”为过去时间点的瞬间动作,用一般过去时。 2第 2 句中的“ 提供上门收件服务”可以直接译为provide the pick-up service,但不如译成 The pick-up service is available灵活生动,更符合英语的表达习惯。“以尽可能快的速度”译作 as quickly as p

19、ossible 。3第 3 句中修饰“投诉”的定语“对快递延误的”较长,故将其处理成后置定语,用介词短语表达为 towardsdelay of delivery。 4最后一句中修饰“时间”的定语“城际之间投递包裹的”可简单译作 for inter-city package,或按字面义,处理为后置定语,用介词短语 for a package between two cities来 表达。“不得超过 72 小时”可用结构 beless than 来表达。“否则将被认定为延误”较长且意思独立, 可另起一句来译出。此时需补充主语“该次投递”,the delivery 。“顾客即有权索赔”表结果,用分词

20、短语 giving customers the right to seek compen-sation 来表达,也可译为 giving customers the right for compensation。6.纸张发明之前,人们将文字刻在平整的竹片或木片上。由竹片或木片制成的书很笨重,不方便阅读和携 带。 东汉时期 (the Eastern Han Dynasty) ,蔡伦利用 树皮 (tree bark)、 麻头 (hemp)、破布等来造 纸,得名“蔡伦纸”。由于轻便价廉,这种纸很快得到推广并取代竹片和木片。随后,中国的造纸技术流 传至世界各地。造纸术是中国的四大发明之一,是中华民族对世

21、界文明的杰出贡献。(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案: Before paper was invented, characters were carved on flat strips of bamboo or wood. Books made of bamboo or wood were heavy, and inconvenient for reading and carrying. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cai Lun used materials such as tree bark, hemp and rags to make paper, kn

22、own as Cai Lun Paper. Light and cheap, it soon became widespread and replaced bamboo and wood strips for writing. Later on, the technique of papermaking in China was introduced into countries around the world. As one of the Chinese Four Great Inventions, papermaking is considered to be a great contr

23、ibution of the Chinese people to the worlds civilization.)解析:解析:1第 1 句中的时间状语“纸张发明之前”可译为从句 Before paper was invented 或介词短 语 Before theinvention of paper。主句“人们将文字刻在”中的主语“人们”无需强调,习惯上将 其译为被动句,用“文字”作主语。在上下文的语境中,“文字”指的是“中国的汉字”,故应译为 characters,而非 words 或 letters 。 2第 2 句中修饰“书”的定语“由竹片或木片制成”可处理为定 语从句 which w

24、ere made of,或直接用过去分词 made of作后置定语。该句中的“竹片”和“木 片”在上句已有提及,故此处可简化译作 bamboo 及 wood。 3第 3 句中的“得名蔡伦纸”,是对蔡 伦所造的纸的补充说明,可用过去分词短语译为 named“Cai LunPaper”或 known as“Cai Lun Paper”; 也可译为 which 引导的非限制定语从句 which was named“Cai Lun Paper”。 4第 4 句中的“由于轻便 价廉”可直译为 because it was light and cheap ,但不如用形容词短语 light andcheap 作状语来说明 主语的情况来得简洁。 5 最后一句中,把后半句“是中华民族”处理成主句,“造纸术是中国的四 大发明之一”处理为状语,译作 asone of Chinese Four Great Inventions,突出主句的意义,使句子层 次分明。

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