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1、【 超 实 用 】 限 制 性 定 语 从 句 与 非 限 制 性 定 语 从 句 区 别观察下列从 Reading 中选取的句子1 This gift was the Amber Room，which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it.2 The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellow brown colour like honey. Later，Catherine had the Amber Room moved to a pa
2、lace outside St Petersburgwhere she spent her summers.4 This was a time when the two countries were at war.5 There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Konigsberg，which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.自我总结为定语从句，与主句之间有逗号；为定语从句，与主句之间无逗号。【答案】 非限制性限制性限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句一
3、、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别区别形式功能先行词引导词翻译限制性定语从句与主句之间不用逗号隔开 对先行词进行限定、修饰。如果去 掉，剩余部分的意义便不完整、不明确名词或名词性词组所有的关系代词/副词常译成前置定语非限制性定语从句 与主句之间一般用逗号隔开对先行词作附加说明，去掉后，句 子剩余部分的意思仍然完整、明确名词、名词性词组或整个主句除 that 和 why 之外的关系代词/副词常译成并列分句She has found the necklace(that)she lost two weeks ago. 她找到了那条两周前丢失的项链。She is working hard，whi
4、ch everyone can see.她工作一直很努力，这是大家有目共睹的。【提示】 并非只有 which 才能引导非限制性定语从句。使用非限制性定语从句时，如果先行词指人，可用 who ，whom 或 whose 来引导；先行词指物，可用 which，whose来引导；先行词表时间或地点，可用 when ，where 来引导(它们在从句中分别作时间状语和地点状语)。二、as 和 which 引导非限制性定语从句时的区别1as 引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词一般为整个主句；而 which 引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词既可以是整个主句又可以是主句的一部分。2as 引导的从句位置比较灵活，可位
5、于先行词之前、之中和之后，而 which 引导的从句仅能位于先行词之后。3as 引导从句时常译为“正如”，而which 常译为“这；那”。常用句型有：as we allknow ，as is known to，asalleverybody can ，asseeis expected等。He did the experiment successfully，ashad been expected.正如期望的那样，他试验做得非常成功。He failed in the experiment，whichwas unexpected.他试验失败了，这是没有料到的。.单项填空1(2013江苏高考)The p
6、resident of the World Bank says he has a passion， for China he remembers starting as early as his childhood.A whereC whatB whichD when【解析】 考查定语从句。先行词为 passion，定语从句中缺少宾语，故用关系代 词 which。【答案】 B2(2013山东高考)There is no simple answer， is often the case in science. A as B that C when D where【解析】 考查定语从句。此处 as
7、 引导定语从句指代整个主句内容，含有“正如” 之意，定语从句部分译为“在科学上这是常有的事”。【答案】 A3I am going to the airport to meet my uncle tomorrow， morning he will be back from abroad.AwhoCwhereB whenD which【解析】 when 为关系副词，引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 tomorrow morning；when 在从句中作时间状语。【答案】 B4The reason he refused to attend the meeting was that they didn
8、t give him an invitation earlier.AhowCwhyB whichD because【解析】 句意：他拒绝出席会议的原因是他们没有提前邀请他。he refused to attend the meeting 是一个定语从句，修饰先行词 the reason，定语从句中不缺少主语或宾语， 故用关系副词 why 引导，why 在从句中作原因状语。【答案】 C5The place I visited last summer is just the place I spent my childhood.Athat；where Cwhere；whereB that；that
9、 D where；that【解析】 句意：今年夏天我去参观的那个地方就是我童年待的地方。分析句子结 构可知，第一个定语从句的先行词为 the place，从句中缺少 visited 的宾语，用 that/which 引导，亦可省略；第二个定语从句的先行词为第二个空前的 the place，从句中缺少状语， 用 where 引导，故 A 项正确。【答案】 A6The newlybuilt cafe，the walls of are painted light green，is really a peaceful place for us，especially after hard work.At
10、hatCwhatB itD which【解析】 从句子结构看，cafe 后面为非限制性定语从句，因此只能选择 which 作 the walls of 的宾语，表示“咖啡馆的墙壁”。the walls of which 相当于 whose walls。【答案】 D7John said hed been working in the office for an hour，was true.AheCwhichB thisD who【解析】 指代主句中 hed been working in the office for an hour 这一情况，因此只 能选择 which，在从句中作主语。【答案】
11、 C8American women usually identify their best friend as someone they can talk frequently.AwhoCabout whichB asD with whom【解析】 talk 作“交谈”讲时，是不及物动词，后接宾语须与适当的介词连用。定 语从句的先行词是人，应构成 talk with sb.，此处将介词提前。【答案】 D9He took the machine to show every detail of its operation.AasCawayB apartD back【解析】 句意：他把机器拆开，让大
12、家看操作的每个细节。take apart“拆开”，符 合句意。take.as“把 看作”；take away“拿走，带走”；take back“收回”。【答案】 B10(2011 浙江高考)One Friday，we were packing to leave for a weekend awaymy daughter heard cries for help.AafterCsinceB whileD when【解析】 句意：一个周五，我们正在收拾行李，这时我的女儿听到求救的呼喊。 be doing.when.“正在做某事，这时(突然)”，是常用结构，故选 D 项。【答案】 D.句型转换1It
13、 is known to us that Taiwan is part of China.，Taiwan is part of China.2This is the room which/that my grandmother used to live in.This is the room3 Her sister teaches us English，and she will go abroad next year. Her sister， ，will go abroad next year.4 We saw a film last was very interesting.The film
14、saw last night was very interesting.5He failed in the made his parents very angry.He failed in the exam ，very angry.6I have lost the father bought it for my sixteenth birthday.I have lost the penfor my sixteenth birthday.7. The book is worth paid 6 yuan for it.The bookis worth reading.8She is a teacher of much can be learned from her.She is a teacher of much knowledge【答案】Englishis known to us which/where my grandmother used to live teaches us4that/which we made his parents which my father bought which he paid 6 yuan 8from whom much can be learned.