《2020年英语中考复习专题-主谓一致讲解和练习(含答案)必考知识点.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2020年英语中考复习专题-主谓一致讲解和练习(含答案)必考知识点.docx（13页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、2020 英语中考复习专题- 主谓一致讲解一、主谓一致的含义“ 主谓一致 ”指的是句子的主语谓语在 “人称”和“数”上的一致关系，也就是说，谓语的 单复数取决于主语的形式和内容。二、主谓一致主要有以下几种情况：语法一致，就近一致和意义一致。（一）、语法一致：主语为单数形式, 谓语动词也用单数形式; 主语为复数形式, 谓语动词也用复数形式。 e.g. I often help him and he often helps me.不可数名词作主语, 谓语动词用单数；可数名词的复数形式作主语, 谓语动词用复数。 1. 由 and 连接的两个名词或代词做主语：（1）这部分主语表示的是两个人或两件不同的
2、事物，谓语动词用复数形式。例如： My brother and I have both seen that film. Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China.（2）这部分主语表示具有两个身份或性质的同一个人或一个完整的事物，谓语动词用单数 形式,这时 and 后面的名词前没有冠词。例： The statesman and poet was engaged in warfare all his life. Law and order has been established. One more knife and fork is
3、needed.Bread and butter is our daily food.（3）这部分主语前面有 each, every, many a, no 等修饰时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。例句： Each doctor and（each）nurse was given a new shirt. No sound and no voice is heard. Many a boy and girl has made the same mistake.2. 动名词，不定式，主语从句做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例句： Reading is a great pleasure in life. To
4、 live means to create. That we need more time is obvious. What is needed is food and medicine.3. 表示时间，金钱，距离，重量的复数名词表示数量做主语时，被视为一个整体，谓语 动词用单数形式。例句： Three thousand miles is a long distance. Eight hours of sleep is enough. Ten dollars is enough for him.4. 不定代词 anyone, anything, everyone, everything, so
5、meone, something, no one, nothing, each the other 等做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例句： Is anybody going to tell him the news ? Someone wants to see you.Anybody who _ ( break / breaks) the rule will be punished.5.倒装句中的语法一致Two pictures _ on the wall, which attract many people.On the wall _ two pictures, which attract
6、many people.Their teacher _ among the students, who is in her thirties.Among the students _ their teacher, who is in her thirties.（二）就近原则1、由连词 or, eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also, 连接的两个名词或代词做主语时， 谓语动词和离它最近的哪个名词或代词的人称和数一致。例句：. Either you or Jean is to be sent to New Zealand. Not only his famil
7、y but also he likes Chaplins movies. Neither Tom nor the Browns enjoy their journey to Beijing owing to the bad weather.2、注意：There be 句型中 be 的形式由它后面的第一个名词的数决定。例句：. There arent any letters in the mail for you today. There is a lamp, two pens and three books on the desk. Here are some envelopes and pa
8、per for you.3、名词后面带有 with, along with, together with, besides, except, but, like, including, as well as, rather than 短语共同做主语时，谓语动词与这些短语前面的那个名词的数一致。例句：. All but one were here just now. A library with five thousand books is offered to that nation as a gift. An expert, together with some assistants, wa
9、s sent to help in this work.（三）意义一致1. 代词 none, neither, all 的不可数形式还是复数形式由它们指的内容决定例句：（1） All hope has gone.（2） All are agreed on this point.（3） Is there any milk in the fridge? No, there is none.（4） None has returned from the meeting.2. 集合名词 group, family, class, government, team, public, enemy, crow
10、d, audience, club, party, crew 等名词等作主语时,如果看成一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式,如果看成其中各成 员，则用复数形式. 例句The army is going to remain in this town. The army have rescued the travelers.His family _very large. His family _music lovers.注意：集合名词 cattle, clothes, people, the police 表示复数意义，谓语动词永远复数。people 民 族（可数名词，peoples)3. 限定词短语
11、all of; none of; a lot of; 以及分数/百分数+of .修饰名词构成的名词 短语做主语时，谓语动词的形式由 of 后面的名词形式决定。例句：（1） None of these suggestions are very helpful.（2） I dont think any of us wants to work tomorrow.（3） Two-fifths of the students in the class are from Arabic-speaking countries.4、代词作主语Neither dog _ big. ( A. is B. are )
12、 Neither of them _ big. ( A. is B. are ) Neither rabbit _ handsome. ( A. is B. are )Neither of the rabbits _ handsome. ( A. is B. are )（neither + 单数名词 谓语动词用单数； noneneither of +可数名词 谓语动词用单 数或复数；none of+不可数名词 谓语动词用单数）1）.None of these people _ doctors. A. has B. have C. are D. was2）Neither of them _ a
13、good singer. A. was B. is C. were D. is used to be3）. Neither of us _ (was/were) ready when the party began.3）. None of them _ (has/have) watched the talk show.5、主语是单复数同形的名词 deer, sheep, fish 鱼,series 系列, species 物种, means 手段, works 工厂, aircraft 飞行器, ect.时，视其表达的意义而判断谓语动词的单复数。Eg: 1.) A new means has
14、been used .2.) Many means have not come into effect.6、theadj.,表示一类人，谓语动词用复数，如 the old, the young, the rich, the poor 等the+ adj.,表示某个人或一类抽象的事物，谓语动词用单数，如 the beautiful, the good 等。 如，1 The old _ taken good care of in our society.2 The rich _ for the decision but the poor are against it.3 The wounded _
15、 a young boy.4 The beautiful _not always the same as the good.5 The new_ sure to replace the old.1. 主谓一致的考查主要体现在单项选择和短文改错两个题型中。同学们在练习和应试时， 遇到这样的题时，要牢记主谓一致的三个基本原则。一定要根据句子内容抓住关键的主语部 分。同时还要考虑句子的时态和语态。2. one of +复数名词做定语从句的先行词时，定语从句中的谓语动词与复数名词一致。 the only one of +复数名词做定语从句的先行词时，定语从句中的谓语动词用单数形式。例句：Jim was
16、 one of the boys who were late for class.Jim was the only one of the boys who was late for class.练习：一请用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。1. Three years _ (have) passed since they met last time, and for them, three years_ (be) really a long time.2. _ (be) everybody going to take part in the game this afternoon?3. My fam
17、ily _ (be) the largest one in our village. Besides, my family _ (be) all party members.4. The whole class _ (be) now listening to the teacher attentively.5. The news _ (be) very exciting.6. To learn one or two foreign languages _ (be) very important nowadays.7. The last and most difficult lesson _ (
18、be) Lesson 14.8. I, who _ your friend, will try my best to help you.9. The scientist and engineer _ (have) invented a new machine.10. Alice，together with her friends，_ (be) punished for having broken the school rules.11. Every girl and every boy _ (have) the right to join the club.12. _ (be) either
19、she or you to go and attend the meeting?Neither she nor I_(be).13. Ancient and modern history _ (be) the subjects we are studying.14. Many a scientist _ (have) devoted their lives to science.15. The old _ (be) respected in our country.二选择题：1One or two days _ enough to see the cityAis Bare C.am Dbe2
20、Neither my wife nor I myself _ able to persuade my daughter to change her mind Ais Bare Cam Dbe3 Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another Ais Bare C.am Dhave4 Not the teacher，but the students _ looking forward to seeing the filmAis Bare C.am Dbe5Nobody but Be
21、tty and Mary _ late for class yesterday Awas Bwere Chas been Dhave been6A woman with some children _ soonAis coming Bare coming Chas come Dhave come7No one except my parents _ anything about this。Aknow Bknows Cis knownDare known8The teacher as well as the students _ the book already Ahas read Bhave
22、read Care reading Dis reading9All but one _ in the accidentAwas killed Bwere killed Cwill be killed Dare killed10. Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another. A. is B. are C. am D. be11. A library with five thousand books _to the nation as a gift.A. is offered
23、B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered12. When and where to build the new factory _ yet.A. was not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decided13. The number of people invited _fifty, but a number of them _ absent for different reasons. A. were; was B. was; was C. was; we
24、re D. were; were14. E-mail, as well as telephones, _ an important part in daily communication.A . is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play15. _ of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grass.A. Two fifth; is B. Two fifth; are C. Two fifths; is D. Two fifths; are16 No one but her
25、 parents _ it.A. know B. knows C.is knowing D. are knowing17. On the wall_ two large portraits.A. hangs B. hang C. hanged D. hanging18. “News of victories _ pouring in as our army advances,”the company commander said.A. keep B. keeps C. kept D. have kept19. There _ a lot of milk in the bottle.A. are
26、 B. is C. were D. has20. Zhangs family _ rather big, with twelve people in all.A. is B. are C. being D. was21. Nobody but Jane _ the secret.A. know B. knows C. have known D. is known22. Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examafter another.A. is B. are C. am D. be23. The number o
27、f people invited _ fifty, but a number of them_ absent for different reasons.A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were24. When and where to build the new factory _ yet.A. is not decided B. are not decidedC. has not decided D. have not decided25. More students than one _.A. were punished B. is punished C. was punished D. will punish参考答案：一 1.has;is 2.Is 3.is; are 4.are 5.is 6.is 7.is 8.am 9.has 10.is 11.has 12. Is; am 13.is 14.has 15. are二 1-5BCBBA 6-10ABABB 11-15AACAC 16-20BBBBA 21-25BBCCA