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1、试题二第一部分 选择题I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket（30）1. Degradation can be illustrated by the following exampleA. lewd ignorantB. silly foolishC. last pleasureD. knave boy2. Homop
2、hones are often employed to create puns for desired effects of:A. humourB. sarcasmC. ridiculeD. all the above3. The four major modes of semantic change are _.A. extension, narrowing, elevation and degradationB. extension, generalization, elevation and degradationC. extension, narrowing, specializati
3、on and degradationD. extension, elevation, amelioration and degradation4. The use of one name for that of another associated with it is rhetorically called _.A. synecdocheB. metonymyC. substitutionD. metaphor5. Idioms adjectival in nature function as _.A. adjectivesB. attributesC. modifiersD. words6
4、. Grammatical context refers to _ in which a word is used.A. vocabularyB. grammarC. semantic patternD. syntactic structure7. In the idiom in good feather, we change good into high, full without changing meaning. This change of constituent is known as _ .A. additionB. replacementC. position-shiftingD
5、. variation8. The word laconic is _.A. onomatopoeically motivatedB. morphologically motivated1C. semantically motivatedD. etymologically motivated9. CCELD is distinctive for its _.A. clear grammar codesB. language notesC. usage notesD. extra columns10.Which of the following words is NOT formed throu
6、gh clipping?A. DormB. motelC. GentD. Zoo11.Old English has a vocabulary of about _ words.A. 30,000 to 40,000B. 50,000 to 60,000C. 70,000 to 80,000D. 80,000 to 90,00012. _ are bound morphemes because they cannot be used as separate words.A. RootsB. StemsC. AffixesD. Compounds13. Besides French words,
7、 English also absorbed as many as 2,500 words of _ in the Middle English period.A. Dutch originB. Danish originC. Latin originD. Greek origin14. A word is a symbol that _ .A. is used by the same speech communityB. represents something else in the worldC. is both simple and complex in natureA. shows
8、different ideas in different sounds15.Some words in the basic word stock are said to be stable because they _.A. are complex words.B. are technical wordsC. refer to the commonest things in life.D. denote the most important concepts.第二部分 非选择题II. Complete the following statements with proper words or
9、expressions according to the course book（10）16. The same idiom may show _ differences when it is used in different meanings including affective meaning.217. LDCE is a _ dictionary.18. Antonyms are classified on the basis of _.19. The opposite of semantic elevation in meaning change is called _.20. P
10、ronouns and numerals enjoy nation-wide use and stability, but have limited _.III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1 ） types of meaning changes;2）types of meaning;3）language branches and 4）features of idioms （10）A B21. grammatical meaning ( ) A. Scottish
11、22. reading-lamp ( ) B. neither fish, flesh, nor fowl23. pen ( ) C. morphologically motivated24. alliteration ( ) D. head of a state25. difference in connotation ( ) E. answer/ respond26. elevation ( ) F. etymologically motivated27. degradation ( ) G. garage ( a place for storing cars)28. narrowing
12、( ) H. thing (any object or event)29. extension ( ) I. part of speech30. Celtic ( ) J. knave (a dishonest person)IV. Study the following words and expressions and identify 1 ）types of bound morphemes underlined;2）types of word formations;3）types of meaning and 4）types of meaning of idioms.（10）31. he
13、art and soul ( )32. fathermale parent ( )33. motherfemale parent ( )34. city-bred ( )35. lip-reading to lip-read ( )36. headache ( )37. antecedent ( )38. preview ( )39. receive ( )40. called ( )V. Define the following terms（10）41. specialized dictionary42. collocative meaning43. transfer44. morpheme
14、45. old EnglishVI. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short Write your answers in the space given below.（12）46.Whats the fundamental difference between radiation and concatenation? Illustrate your points.347. What is dismembering?48. What is collocative meaning? Give on
15、e example to illustrate your point.VII. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below. （18）49. The pen is mightier than the sword.Explain what pen and sword mean respectively using the theory of motivation.50. Study the following sentence, paying special attention
16、 to the words in italics. If you find anything wrong, please explain why and then improve the sentence.(100 words)The police were ordered to stop drinking about midnight.参考答案第一部分 选择题IEach of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the sta
17、tement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%)1. B2. D3. A4. B5. A6. D7. B8. D9. D10. B11. B12. C13. A14. B15. C第二部分 非选择题II. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. (10%)16. stylistic16. monolingual17. semantic opposition16. degradation 或 pej
18、oration16. productivity and collocability4III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1) types of meaning changes;2)types of meaning;3)language branches and 4) features of idioms. (10%)21. I22. C23. F24. B25. E26. D27. J28. G29. H30. AIV. Study the following w
19、ords and expressions and identify 1) types of bound morphemes underlined;2) types of word formation ；3 ）types of meaning and 4) types of meaning of idioms.(10%)31. adverb idiom/ idiom adverbial in nature32. conceptual meaning33. conceptual meaning34. n+v-ed35. backformation36. n+v37. bound root38. p
20、refix39. bound root40. inflectional affix/morphemeV. Define the following terms.(10%)41. Specialized dictionary refers to a dictionary which concentrates on a particular area of language or knowledge. (内容 1.5 分；语言 0.5 分)42. Collocative meaning is that part of the word meaning suggested by the words
21、before or after the word in discussion. (内容 1.5 分；语言 0.5 分)43. Words which were used to designate one thing but later changed to mean something else have experienced the process of semantic transfer.44. the minimal meaningful unit of a language.45. the language used in England from 450 to 1150.VI. A
22、nswer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below.(12%)46. 要点： Radiation Concatenation5i) primary meaning i) first senseii） 次要意义由主要意义辐射 ii）由此意义连续转换；特点为链接iii） 名词语义互不依赖 iii）最后意义与第一意义失去联系的迹象47. 要点：（1） break up an idiom into pieces（2 分）（2）
23、 an unusual case of using idioms（1 分）（3） in literature or popular press for special effect（1 分）注：语言扣分不得超过 1 分（语法扣 1 分，拼写扣 0.5 分）48. Collocative meaning consists of the associations a word acquires in its collocation. In other words, it is that part of the word-meaning suggested by words before or af
24、ter the word in discussion. For example, pretty and handsome share the conceptual meaning of good looking, but are distinguished by the range of nouns they collocate with:pretty handsomeVII. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below. (18%) 49. 答案要点1）Motivation
25、 accounts for the connection between the linguistic symbol and its meaning.（2 分） 2）Semantic motivation, one of the four major types of motivation, explains the connection between the literal sense and figurative sense of the word.(3 分)3）In this sentence, pen reminds one of the tool to write with, th
26、us suggesting writing; sword reminds one of the weapon to fight with, thus suggesting war.(4 分)50.要点：（1） it is ambiguous（2 分）（2） ambiguity caused by the structure（2 分）（3） stop drinking can be understood as1） police stop drinking by themselves (1 分 )2） police stop people drinking (1 分)（4）improvement（3 分）1） The police were ordered to stop people drinking about midnight.2） The police were ordered to stop drinking by themselves about midnight.6