《2016年管理类联考综合、英语二真题与答案.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2016年管理类联考综合、英语二真题与答案.docx（30页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、.2016年管理类联考英语（二）试卷Section Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Happy people work differently.Theyre more productive,more creative,andwilling to take greater risks. And new research sugg
2、est that happiness mightinfluence 1 firms work, too.Companies located in places with happier people invest more, according toa recentresearchpaper. 2, firmsin happy placesspend more on R&D( researchand development ).That s because happiness is linkedto the kind of longer -termthinking 3 for making i
3、nvestments for the future.The researcherswanted to know ifthe 4 and inclinationforrisk-takingthatcome with happiness would 5 the way companies invested. So they compared U.S.cities average happiness 6 by Gallup polling with the investment activity ofpublicly traded firms in those areas.7 enough, fir
4、ms investment and R&D intensity were correlated with thehappinessof the area in which theywere 8 .But is itreally happinessthat slinked to investment, or could something else about happier cities9 why firmsthere spend more on R&D? To find out, the researchers controlled for various10 thatmight make
5、firmsmore likelyto invest likesize,industry,and sales and for indicators that a place was 11 to live in, like growth in wages orpopulation. The link between happiness and investment generally 12 even after accounting for these things.The correlation between happiness and investment was particularly
6、strongfor younger firms, which the authors 13 to“less codified decision makingpro cess”and the possible presence of“younger and less 14 managers who aremore likely to be influenced by sentiment.” The relationship was 15 strongerin places where happiness was spread more 16 . Firms seem to investmore
7、in placeswhere most people are relatively happy, rather than in places with happinessinequality.17 thisdoesntprove thathappinesscauses firmsto investmore or to takea longer- term view,the authorsbelieveitat least18 at thatpossibility.It snot hard to imagine thatlocalcultureand sentimentwould help 19
8、 how executivesthink about the future.“It surely seems plausible that happy people would bemore forward- thinking and creative and 20 R&Dmore than the average, ” said one researcher.参考答案：（华章提供）：C 1. A why B where C how D when.专业资料 .B 2. A In return B In particular C In contrast D In conclusion D 3.
9、A sufficient B famous C perfect D necessaryC 4. A individualism B modernism C optimism D realismD 5. A echo B miss C spoil D changeB 6. A imagined B measured C invented D assumedA 7. A Sure B Odd C Unfortunate D OftenD 8. A advertised B divided C overtaxed D headquartered A 9. A explain B overstate
10、C summarize D emphasizeB 10. A stages B factors C levels D methodsA 11. A desirable B sociable C reputable D reliableB 12. A resumed B held Cemerged D brokeA 13. A attribute B assign C transfer DcompareD 14. A serious B civilized C ambitious Dexperienced A 15. A thus B instead C also D neverD 16. A
11、rapidly B regularly C directly D equallyC 17. A After B Until C While D SinceC 18. A arrives B jumps C hints D strikesA 19. A shape B rediscover C simplify D shareB 20. A pray for B lean towards C give away D send out Section II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. An
12、swer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1Its true that high-school coding classes arent essential for learningcomputer science in college. Students without experience can catch up after afew introductory courses, said Tom Co
13、rtina, the assistant dean at CarnegieMellons School of Computer Science.However, Cortina said,earlyexposure is beneficial.Whenyounger kidslearncomputer science, they learn that its not just a confusing, endless string ofletters and numbers - but a tool to build apps, or create artwork, or testhypoth
14、eses. Its not as hard for them to transform their thought processes asitis for older students. Breakingdown problemsintobite-sizedchunks and usingcode to solve them becomes normal. Giving more children this training couldincrease the number of people interested in the field and help fill the jobsgap
15、, Cortina said.Studentsalso benefit from learningsomethingaboutcodingbefore theygettocollege,where introductorycomputer-scienceclassesare packed to the brim,which can drive the less-experienced or-determined students away.The Flatiron School, where people pay to learn programming, started as oneofth
16、e many coding bootcamps thatsbecome popularforadults lookingfora careerchange. The high-schoolersgetthesame curriculum,butwe trytogearlessonstoward things theyre interested in, said Victoria Friedman, an instructor.专业资料 .For instance, one of the apps the students are developing suggests movies based
17、 on your mood.The students in the Flatiron class probably wont drop out of high schooland build the next Facebook. Programming languages have a quick turnover, sothe Ruby on Rails language they learned may not even be relevant by the timethey enter the job market. But the skills they learn - how to
18、think logicallythrougha problem and organizethe results- applyto any codinglanguage,saidDeborah Seehorn, an education consultant for the state of North Carolina.Indeed, the Flatiron students might not go into IT at all. But creating afuture army of coders is not the sole purpose of the classes. Thes
19、e kids aregoing to be surroundedby computers-intheirpockets ,intheiroffices,in theirhomes -forthe restof theirlives,The younger they learnhow computers think,how to coax the machine into producing what they want -the earlier they learnthat they have the power to do that -the better.21.Cortina holds
20、that early exposure to computer science makes it easierto _A complete future job trainingB remodel the way of thinkingC formulate logical hypothesesD perfect artwork production22.In delivering lessons for high - schoolers , Flatiron has considered their_A experienceB interestC career prospectsD acad
21、emic backgrounds23.Deborah Seehorn believes that the skills learned at Flatiron will_A help students learn other computer languagesB have to be upgraded when new technologies comeC need improving when students look for jobsD enable students to make big quick money24.Accordingto the lastparagraph,Fla
22、tironstudentsare expected to _A bring forth innovative computer technologiesB stay longer in the information technology industryC become better prepared for the digitalized worldD compete with a future army of programmers25.The word coax(Line4,Para.6) is closest in meaning to _A persuadeB frightenC
23、misguideD challengeText 2Biologists estimate that as many as 2 million lesser prairie chickens-a.专业资料 .kind of bird living on stretching grasslands-once lent red to the often greylandscape of the midwestern and southwesternUnited States.But justsome 22,000birds remain today, occupying about 16% of t
24、he species historic range.The crash was a major reason the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service(USFWS)decided to formally list the bird as threatened .The lesser prairiechicken is in a desperate situation , said USFWS Director Daniel Ashe. Someenvironmentalists, however, were disappointed. They had pushed
25、 the agency todesignatethe birdas endangered,a statusthatgives federalofficialsgreaterregulatory power to crack down on threats .But Ashe and others argued that the threatened tag gave the federal government flexibility to try out new,potentiallylessconfrontationalconservationsapproaches.In particul
26、ar,theycalledforforgingclosercollaborationswithwesternstategovernments,whichare oftenuneasy with federalaction.and with the privatelandowners who controlan estimated 95% of the prairie chickens habitat.Under the plan,forexample, the agency said itwould not prosecutelandowneror businesses that uninte
27、ntionally kill, harm, or disturb the bird, as long asthey had signed a range-widemanagement plan to restoreprairiechickenhabitat.Negotiatedby USFWSand the states,the plan requiresindividualsand businessesthat damage habitat as part of their operations to pay into a fund to replaceevery acre destroye
28、d with 2 new acres of suitable habitat .The fund will alsobe used to compensate landownerswho set aside habitat, USFWSalso set an interimgoal of restoring prairie chicken populations to an annual average of 67,000birds over the next 10 years .And it gives the Western Association of Fish andWildlifeA
29、gencies(WAFWA),a coalitionof stateagencies,the job of monitoringprogress.Overall,the idea is to let states remainin thedriver sseat formanaging the species, Ashe said.Not everyone buys the win-win rhetoric. Some Congress members are tryingto blockthe plan, andat least a dozenindustry groups,fourstat
30、es, and threeenvironmental groups are challenging it in federal court. Not surprisingly, doesnt go far enough. The federal government is giving responsibility for managing the bird to the same industries that are pushing it to extinction, says biologist Jay Lininger.26.The major reason for listing t
31、he lesser prairie as threatened is_.A its drastically decreased populationBthe underestimate of the grassland acreageCa desperate appeal from some biologistsDthe insistence of private landowners27.The threatened tag disappointed some environmentalists in thatit_.Awas a give-in to governmental pressu
32、reBwould involve fewer agencies in actionCgranted less federal regulatory powerD went against conservation policies28.Itcan be learnedfrom Paragraph3 thatunintentionalharm-doerswillnot.专业资料 .be prosecuted if they_.Aagree to pay a sum for compensationB volunteer to set up an equally big habitat Coffe
33、r to support the WAFWA monitoring job Dpromise to raise funds for USFWS operations29.According to Ashe, the leading role in managing the species in_. Athe federal governmentBthe wildlife agenciesCthe landownersD the states30.Jay Lininger would most likely support_.Aindustry groupsBthe win-win rhetor
34、icCenvironmental groupsDthe plan under challengeText 3That everyonestoo busy these days isa clich . But one specificcomplaintis made especially mournfully: Theres never any time to read.What makes the problem thornieris thatthe usual time-management techniquesdont seem sufficient. The webs full of a
35、rticles offering tips on making timeto read:Give up TV or Carrya book withyou at alltimes.But in my experience,usingsuch methods to free up theodd 30 minutes doesntwork. Sit down toreadand the flywheel of work-related thoughts keeps spinning-or else youre soexhausted that a challenging books the las
36、t thing you need. The modern mind,Tim Parks, a novelist and critic, writes, is overwhelmingly inclined towardcommunicationIt is not simply that one is interrupted; it is that one isactually inclined to interruption. Deep reading requires not just time, buta specialkind of time which cantbe obtainedm
37、erely by becoming more efficient.In fact,becoming more efficientispartof the problem.Thinkingof timeas a resourceto be maximised means you approach itinstrumentally,judginganygiven moment as well spent only in so far as it advances progress toward some goal. Immersive reading, by contrast, depends o
38、n being willing to riskinefficiency, goallessness, even time-wasting. Try to slot it as a to-do listitem and youllmanage only goal-focusedreading-useful,sometimes,but not themost fulfilling kind. The future comes at us like empty bottles along anunstoppableand nearly infinite conveyor belt, writesGa
39、ry Eberle in his bookSacred Time, and we feela pressureto fillthese different-sizedbottles(days,hours, minutes) as they pass, for if they get by without being filled, we will have wasted them. No mind-set could be worse for losing yourself in a book.So what does work? Perhaps surprisingly, schedulin
40、g regular times forreading.Youd thinkthismight fuelthe efficiencymind-set,but in fact,Eberlenotes,such ritualisticbehaviourhelps us stepoutsidetimesflowintosoultime. You could limit distractions by reading only physical books, or on single-purpose e-readers. Carry a book with you at all times can ac
41、tually work,.专业资料 .too-providing you dip in often enough, so that reading becomes the default state from which you temporarily surface to take care of business, before droppingback down. On a really good day, it no longer feels as if youre making time to read, but just reading, and making time for e
42、verything else.31. The usual time-management techniques dont work because . A what they can offer does not ease the modern mindB what challenging books demand is repetitive readingC what people often forget is carrying a book with themD what deep reading requires cannot be guaranteed32. The empty bo
43、ttles metaphor illustrates that people feel a pressureto .A update their to-do listsB make passing time fulfilling C carry their plans throughD pursue carefree reading33. Eberle would agree that scheduling regular times for reading helps . A encourage the efficiency mind-setB develop online reading habitsC promote ritualistic readingD achieve immersive reading34. Carry a book with you at all times can work if . A reading becomes your primary business of the dayB all the daily business has been promptly dealt with C you ar