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1、初三完形填空解题技巧和练习【名师解难】一、完形填空题的命题特点完形填空题是通过阅读考查学生语言知识及语言知识 综合运用能力的一种测试形式。 命题人在一段难度适度的文章中留出 10 个空白， 要求考生从所给的 A, B, C, D 四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使补足的短文意思通顺、结构完整。完形填空是介于单项填空和阅读理解之间的一种题型。可以说它是根据一篇文章所提供的情景进行的选择填空，也可以说它是在缺少个别单词情况下的阅读理解。完形填空既有对语法规则、习惯用法和词语搭配的考查，又有对文章内容的通篇理解。完形填空主要考查以下三个方面的内容：1、词汇：此类题目考查的内容是：近义词的区别，词语的固定
2、搭配和习惯用法。近几年陕西省中考题中的完型填空题考查的词汇类别涉及到名词、代词、动词、介词、连词、形容词、副词和短语动词。2、语法：此类题目考查的是：各种语法规则在文章中的运用。其中包括名词的单复数，形容词、副词的比较等级，动词的时态和语态，介词、数词、代词和连词的用法，主谓一致，各种从句的用法等。3、结构：此类题目考查的是：文章中间句子与句子之间，段落与段落之间，上文与下文之间的逻辑关系。从设空的类型看可分为三个层次：1、句子层次2 、句组层次3、全篇层次设空的难度，从句子层次到句组层次，再到全篇层次，依次增加。二、完形填空的解题技巧前面我们已经分析过， 完形填空是在全面理解短文基础上的选择
3、填空。 因此做 “完型填空 ”题应遵循下列步骤：1、通读全文，了解大意做这类题目是，首先应该把文章通读一遍，了解一下文章的大概内容。千万不要读一句填一句，因为 “完形填空 ”题里所给的大多数选项填入单句后都可成立，但从全文看又不可取。有些同学一拿到 “完形填空 ”题，就着手去填，填到最后，才发现所选答案语全文的意思不符，不得不在从头开始。费时又费力，还不易做准确，这种方法是不可取的。2、瞻前顾后，逐步填空了解文章大意之后，就可逐步填空。 一般来说，文章后面所给的选择答案可分三类：一类是语法正确，而意思不对；另一类是意思正确，而语法错误；第三类是语法正确，意思也正确。在选择答案时，一定要考虑到上
4、下文的意思，还要考虑到句子的结构，习惯用法，固定搭配和词类的功能，尽量使选出的答案及复合语法又符合原文的意思。3、认真复查，适当调整填空全部做完以后，应把短文从头到尾再读一遍，检查一下填空以后的文章是否连贯，情节是否合理，语法结构是否正确。一般来说，如果意思连贯，情节合理，语法结构正确，就意味着选答没有问题；如果发现个别填空使文章文理不通，语法结构有问题，就说明选答不正确。对这样的填空应该认真推敲，进行调整。【中考范例】AOnce upon a time, some children were playing at seaside when they found a turtle（ 海龟）.T
5、hey began to beat the turtle. Just at that time, a young man came and said to them,Stop! ” Tlran 31 quickly. The turtle was very thankful and said,“ Thanks for your kindness. I really wouldlike 32 you to a wonderful palace no w.”The young man rode on the back of the turtle and was taken to the secre
6、t palace in the sea. When he 33 the palace, he was very surprised and said to the turtle, “ Whata nice palace! To thank him, the king of the turtles gave him 34 . He had never seen such a dinner before. He received a warm welcome there and was very 35 everything.After dinner, the king of the turtles
7、 said, “ lam going to give you two boxes, 36 you can open only one. ”You mustn t open both. Don t forget it!ed （警告）theiimurtle waAll right. Iwill open only one, the young man promised）. At this time, a large wave sent him out of the sea.“MyAfter he 37 , he opened the bigger one of the two boxes. 38
8、the box was full of gold.God!” he cried.39 I now. Then hehought,“Things in the other box must be expensive, too.He could not wait any longer. He broke his promise and opened the other box. As soon as he opened it,he became an old man. His hair turned white. His face 40 an old man over happened in a
9、moment. He was sorry for what he did, but it was too late.eighty years old. It all31. A. through32. A. wanting33. A. left forB. awayB. askingB. arrived onC. intoC. to letC.arrived atD. outD. to inviteD. got away34. A.a very big dinnerC. a very bad dinner35. A. pleased with36. A. soB. strict inB. orB
10、. a very poor dinnerD. a very small dinnerC. angry withC. butD. sorry forD. as37. A. went back to homeC. went back to the seaB. was back home38. A. To his surprising39. A.a poor man40. A. likedD.was back the seaB. To one s surprisingC. To one s surpriseB. a rich manC.an old manB. felt likeC. looked
11、likeD. To his surpriseD. a young manD. lookedBA hot dog is one of the most popular American foods. It was named after frankfurter, a German food.You may hear “ hot dog 1 in other ways. People sometimes say“ hot dog to express2. For example, a friend may ask 3 you would like to go to the cinema. You
12、might say“Great! I would love to go. Or, you could sa y,would love to go. ”People 5 use the expression to describe （ 描写）someone who is a show , who tries toshow everyone else how 6_ he is. You often hear such _7 called a “ hot dog ” . He may be abaseball player, for example, who 8 the ball with one
13、hand, making a （n）9 catch seem more difficult. You know he is a hot dog because when he makes such a catch, he bows （ 鞠躬）to the crowd, hoping to win their 10 .1. A. eatenB. usedC. cookedD. picked2. A. strengthB. practiceC. pleasureD. reply3. A. ifB. howC. whenD. where4. A. Hot dogB. Don t worryC. Ne
14、ver mindD. Excuse me5. A. everB. alsoC. stillD. yet6. A. hopefulB. carefulC. kindD. great7. A. a dogB. a landC. a personD. an action8. A. catchesB. playsC. passesD. throws9. A. hardB. funnyC. excitingD. easy10. A. thanksB. cheersC. medalsD. matchesCEvery year students in many countries learn English
15、. Some of these students are children, _1 students are young people. Why do all these people want to learn_2_? It is not_3_to answer this question. Many boys and girls learn English at school. It is one of their _4_. Many people learn English because it is_5_in their work. Some young people learn En
16、glish_6_their higher studies because some of their books are_7_English. Other people learn English because they want to _8_newspapers in English. Some people learn English because they want to _9_ in the USA,England or Australia. English is very_10_in our life.1. A. allB. the other C. bothD. other2.
17、 A. EnglishB. Chinese C. mathD. Japanese3. A. hardB. easy C. goodD. nice4. A. booksB. classes C. schoolsD. subjects5. A. goodB. usefulC. fineD. pleased6. A. forB. ofC. toD. from7. A. inB. withC. at D. of8. A. lookB. see C. look atD. read9. A. goB. workC. likeD. come10. A. help B. helpingC. helps D.
18、helpful完形填空练习（共 15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）AJuan Gomez wakes up at six oclock every morning. He gets up, takes a 21 , gets dressed, and eats breakfast. After breakfast he 22 the newspaper until 7:15, then he leaves for work. He gets on the bus at the bus stop, rides it to University Avenue, 23 , and walks to
19、his office. He works 24 five oclock. He usually goes and plays basketball with friends after work. Then he goes home. Juan 25 a very boring life.21. A. lessonB.breathC. showerD. break22. A.readsB. writesC. rollsD. stamps23. A. gets onB. gets offC. gets awayD. gets up24. A. atB. beforeC. fromD. until
20、25.A. leadsB. enjoysC. hatesD. createsBPaul received an expensive car from his brother as a Christmas present . On Christmas Eve Paul saw a dirty and poorly-dressed boy walking 26 his shining car. Is this your car, Paul? ” he asked.Paul told him how he got the car and the boy was 27 . “ You mean you
21、r brother gave it to you and it didn cost you anything ? Boy , I wish he said, without 28 his sentence. Paul thought the boy wished he had a 29 like that. But what the boy said surprised Paul greatly. I wish,“ the boy went on, “that I could be a brother like thatPaul looked at the boy in surprise. H
22、e invited him to take a 30 in his car and the boy agreed happily. After a short ride , the boy turned and with his eyes 31 , said, “ Paul, would you mind driving in front of my house ?Paul smiled a little . He thought the boy wanted to 32 his neighbors that he could ride home in a big car. But Paul
23、was wrong 33 . The boy ran back into his house, and after a short while came back with his disabled brother in his arms.He 34 him walk downstairs and pointed to t he car. There she is, Buddy, just lweat I told you upstairs. His brother gave it to him for Christmas and it didn 35 him a cent. Sortie d
24、ay I m going to give you one just like it.”26. A. insideB. aroundC. throughD. across27. A. interestedB. excitedC. satisfiedD. surprised28. A. finishingB. understandingC. hearingD. checking29. A.carB. brotherC. sisterD. family30. A. seatB. restC. rideD. picture31. A.wateringB. shiningC. wonderingD. shaking32. A. frustrateB. shockC. remindD.show33. A. eitherB. tooC. againD. also34. A.helpedB. droppedC. workedD. kept35. A. payB. costC. bringD. return