《2017年广州版八年级上册英语Unit7知识点总结及语法重点.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2017年广州版八年级上册英语Unit7知识点总结及语法重点.pdf（17页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、Unit7Unit7 知识探究知识探究 Step one Reading 动词不定式 to imagine a picture of it in your mind 作表语。 I have a lot of work to do today.我今天有很多工作要做。 (动词不定式作定语) He had no chance to go to school thoese years.那些年，他没有机会上学。（动 词不定作定语） His dream is to be a doctor.他的梦想是成为一名医生。（动词不定式作表 语） （2）help sb with sth 在某方面帮助某人 help o
2、neself （to）请自便 with the help of 在.方面帮助某人cant help doing sth 忍不住做某事 （3）imagine 想象 +名词、动名词、从句 e.g.Wecant imagine life without any hardships. -Do you know Neil Armstrong?-Yes. He is the first man_on the moon. A.walk B.walks C.to walk D.walked 6. If you make the picture big, strange or silly，you will re
3、member it better. 如果你把这幅图画想象地很大、很奇怪，或是很愚蠢，你将会更好地将它记住。 （1）if 引导的条件状语从句，条件状语从句中的动词多用一般现在时，主句中 的动词多用一般将来时，即主将从现原则. I shall go if she asks me. （2）make +sth.+adj. 形容词作宾语补足语 make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 （3）remember to do sth.记得去做某事 remember doing sth. 记得做过某事 7.This makes it the longest word in the world. 当不定式、
4、动名词、从句等复杂成分用作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时，通常 会在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语 it， 而将真正的宾语移至句末， 其基本结构为 动 词+it+宾语补足语+不定式(动名词或从句)。 如： I find it difficult to do the job well. 我发现做好这件事不容易。 8. Remember ：a picture is worth a thousand words.记住：一副图画，值 1000 个单 词。 be worth +V. ing值得.的 e.g. This house is worth a lot of money. The film is worth
5、 seeing. 翻译：这个茶杯值 30 元。_ 9.A good method for remembering the spelling of a word is to make a short sentence with each other of the word. （1）a method for+ doing sth.一个做.的方法 （2）不定式作表语表示具体动作或将来动作； To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people. My chief purpose is to point out the difficulties of
6、 the matter. What I would suggest is to put off the meeting. 当主语和表语都是不定式时，其含义一是条件，一是结果（例） 。 当主语是 aim,duty,hope,idea,mista ke,plan,purpose,suggestion等为中心词的名词词 组（例）时，或以 what 引导的名词性分句（例） ，不定式说明主语的内容。 10.For example, to remember the wordsmiles, we can imagine there is a mile between the first letter and
7、 the last letter. （1）between.and.两者之间。（2）to=in order to 表目的 为了 11.For example, if you want to remember how to spell the wordbecause,. 疑问词 who,what,which,when,where,whether,how 后可接不定式构成不定式短语， 句中作主语、宾语、表语等。 When to leave for London has not been decided yet. （不定式在句子中做主语） Mr. Smith didnt know whether to
8、 leave or stay there.（不定式在句子中做宾语） I asked Professor Xu how to learn English well. （不定式在句子中做直接宾语） The question was where to get the medicine needed. （不定式在句子中表语） 以上例句中疑问词+不定式部分，均可转换为相应的从句形式。 如：When we shall leavehow I could learn 经常在这种结构中使用的动词有： consider,decide,discover,explain,find out,forget,hear,kn
9、ow,lea rn,observe,understand, wonder 等。 12.You will forget something very quickly unless you understand it well. 如果你没有理解的话，你很快就会忘记它。 （1）unless= if .not 引导条件状语从句如果不；除非，也要遵循主将从现 原则 e.g.Unless he studied hard, he will never pass the exams. （2）forget to do sth 忘记去做某事 forget doing sth 忘记做了某事 Sorry,I forg
10、ot to bring the book.(对不起，我忘了带书了。) I forgot borrowing a book from you.（我忘记曾经向你借过书这件事） （3）forget quickly , understand well 副词修饰动词 13.Its easier to remember these steps if you understand how the water cycle works. 动词不定式作主语时常用 it 作形式主语， 而往往将动词不定式放在谓语或表语之 后。 如： Its not easy to learn a foreign language w
11、ell. (=To learn a foreign language well is not easy.) 学好一门外语不容易。 在此句型中，如果要说明动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可在不定式前加一个在此句型中，如果要说明动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可在不定式前加一个 forfor 引起的短语，作不定式的逻辑主语。引起的短语，作不定式的逻辑主语。 如： Its difficult for us to finish the work. 对我们来说，完成这项工作很困难。 Its hard for me to answer your question. 要我回答你的问题很难。 但是，如果表语是但是，如果表
12、语是 kind, nice, right, wrong, clever, politekind, nice, right, wrong, clever, polite等描述行为者的性格、等描述行为者的性格、 品质的形容词，则应在不定式前加一个品质的形容词，则应在不定式前加一个 ofof 引起的短语。引起的短语。如： Its very kind of you to help me.你能帮我，真好。 14. How to scientists think about that sound similiar?科学家对发音相似的单词是 怎样认为呢？ （1）sound 此处作连系动词， 听起来 ，其后通
13、常接形容词作表语，常见短语： sound like 听起来像，后跟名词 The music sounds very nice.这音乐听起来十分悦耳。 Paris sounds like a city that I like.巴黎听起来像是我喜欢的城市。 (2) similiar 相似的，类似的，常见短语 be similiar to 与.相似 We have similiar opinions.我们有着类似的观点。 Marys hat is similiar to Janes.玛丽的帖子和简的差不多。 【随堂练随堂练】 一、根据句意和括号里的提示完成句子。 1.I_(lose)my ruler
14、 yesterday. 2. It made me _(想起)my own visit toBeijing. 3. Reading a lot can_(提高)your English. 4.Han Liang doesnt do well in English. His_(拼写)is bad. 5. The book is worth_(读). 二、单项选择 1. Our team lost_ the team from No. 6Middle School. A. on B.at C.inD.to 2. I_, so I didnt know where I was. A. lost B.
15、was lostC.loseD.am lost 3. Please remember_the candles when youleave. A. to blow off B. blowing outC. to turn out D. to blow out 4. Dont forget_the window. A. close B.to closeC. closing D. closed 5.We can use this special pen to record or takepictures. Really? Will you please show me_it? A. how to u
16、se B. what to useC. why to use 6. - How do you like Yi Yundi?- A cool guy! His music _ really beautiful. A. tastesB. soundsC. smellsD. Looks 7. - Can you tell me the differences between these two pictures? - Differences? Oh, no. The look quite _. A. differentB. similiarC. strangeD. Interesting 8. If
17、 you _ your name on the paper, you can get a magazine. A. cut downB. look downC. turn downD. write down 三、完成句子 1.除非政府同意另外给钱，否则这家剧院就得关门了。 _the government_extra money, the theatre will have to close. 2. 你知道如何让我们的环境更干净吗？ Do you know_ _ _environment_? 3. 他应该停止戴那个傻傻的耳环， He should stop to_ _ _ _? 4. 我希望你的
18、身体状况得到改善。 I hope you will_ _health. 5. 不要忘记喂鸟. _ _ _feed the bird. 四、阅读理解 Do you love the holidays, but hate the increase (增加) in weight（体重） that follows? You are not alone. Holidays are happy days with pleasure anddelicious foods. But many people are worried aboutthe weight that comes with these de
19、licious foods.With proper (合适的) planning, it is possible tocontrol your weight. The idea is to enjoy the holidaysbut not to eat too much. You dont have to turn awayfrom the foods that you enjoy. The following advicemay be of some help to you. Do not miss meals. Before you leave home for aparty, have
20、 a small, low-fat meal or fast food. Thismay help you to keep you from getting too excitedbefore the delicious foods. Begin with clear soup and fruit or vegetables. Alarge glass of water before you eat may help you feelfull. Use a small plate; a large plate may make youeat more than enough. Better n
21、ot have high-fat foods. Choose lean (脂肪少的) meats. Fill your plate with salad and greenvegetables. If you have a sweet tooth, try mints (薄荷) andfruits. They do not have fat like cream and chocolate. Dont let exercise take a break during theholidays. A 20-minute walk after a meal can help youburn off
22、excess calories (多余的热量). 1. Holidays are happy days with pleasure but theymay_. A. bring weight problemsB. bring you much trouble in your life C. make you worried about your lifeD. make you hate delicious foods 2. Enjoy your holidays without putting on weight,and youd better_. A. drink much water an
23、d have vegetables onlyB. not eat much food in high fat C. not take part in the partiesD. turn away from delicious foods 3. According to the passage,_is a necessarypart to stop you from putting in weight. A. vegetables B. water C. salad D. taking exercise 4. Many people cant help putting on weight af
24、ter theholidays because they_. A. cant control themselvesB. go to too many parties C. enjoy delicious foodsD. cant help turning away from the foods 5. Excess calories can be found in your body in theform of (以的形式)_. A. energy B.fatC. food D. water Step Two SpeakingStep Two Speaking WritingWriting 【随
25、堂练】【随堂练】 一、单项选择 1. Dont forget _ your homework, John.- OK. Ill do it right now. A. doingB. doC. to do 2. I practice spoken English with foreigners in order to _ my listening. A. involveB. improveC. increaseD. control 3. This maths problem is too difficult. Can you show me _, George? A. what to work
26、outB. to work it out C. how to work it outD. how to work out it 4. The book is well worth _. I plan _ one. A. read; to buyB. reading; buyingC. reading; to buy 5. _you dont leave now, youll be late for school. A. WhetherB. UnlessC. IfD. When 6. You wont feel happy at school _ you get on well with you
27、r classmates. A. thoughB. whenC. unlessD. because 7. We have a lot of trouble _ to the top of the hill before eight oclock. A. getB. to getC. gotD. getting 8. I like drinks _ tea and pop. A. for exampleB. such asC. likeD. B and C 二、阅读理解 Jack is a clerk of a bookstore. Here is the note from his boss.
28、 Ben. Jack has to decide what books to order according to the following note and the descriptions of the books. Hi, Jack, You must hand in the order list of books to me by the first working day of every month. The rules for choosing books are: For textbooks: August is coming. We must choose all text
29、books, without thinking of other rules. For books which are not textbooks: If more than five copies of books were sold last month, we choose them. But if there are five copies or more in stock（现货）, we do not make an order. If the wholesale （批发） prices of the books are higher than $75, we do not choo
30、se them. And we do not order anything whose retail (零售) price is higher than $100. Ben The descriptions of the books Title: Homeland EnglishTitle: How to become successful Publisher（出版社） ：Homeland LtdPublisher：Founders Company Ltd Wholesale price: $100Wholesale price: $25 Retail price: $ 140Retail p
31、rice: $40 Textbook: YesTextbook: No Copies sold last month: 3Copies sold last month: 2 Copies in stock: 2Copies in stock: 1 Title: Biology at a GlanceTitle: Good Health in 20 Days Publisher：New Times Publisher LtdPublisher：Oscar World Ltd Wholesale price: $70Wholesale price: $50 Retail price: $ 95Re
32、tail price: $66 Textbook: NoTextbook: No Copies sold last month: 18Copies sold last month: 10 Copies in stock: 3Copies in stock: 20 1.() Jack much hand in the order list to his boss by _. A. the first day of last AugustB. the last working day of this month C. the last day of next AuguseD. the first
33、working day of each month 2. ()If Jack wants to buy the books about success, he should order them form _. A. Homeland LtdB. Founders Company Ltd C. Oscar World LtdD. New Times Publisher Ltd 3. ()The whole price of the book _ is over $ 100. A. homeland EnglishB. good Health in 20 Days C. biology at a
34、 GlanceD. how to become successful 4. ()The number of the books sold best last month is _. A. 3B. 10C. 18D. 20 5. () Jack cant buy Good Health in 20 Days because _. A. it is not a school textbookB. its wholesale price is too high C. the copies in stock are more than 5D. the copies sold last month ar
35、e over 5 Step three-More PracticeStep three-More Practice 讲解讲解 【随堂练】【随堂练】 一、根据句意及提示完成句子 1. The photos made her _(remember) his visit to Sydney. 2. The little girl gets _(lose). 3. Work hard_(improve) your English. 4. I know Peter can improve his _(spell). 5. His m_(大脑)encourage me all the time. 6. W
36、hat do you think Lilysidea? -I think its _(傻傻的). That doesnt help me. 7. Jim is doing his homework. Let me clean the house _(代替)of him. 8. Yancheng Science and Technology Museum, opened in May, is a wonderful place for children. It is well w_ visiting. 二、单项选择 ()1. lf it _rain this weekend, well have
37、 a picnic. A. doesntB. didntC. wontD. wouldnt () 2. Jack is bored. Please tell him _ to make him cheerful. A. interesting thingB. thing interestingC. interesting somethingD. something interesting （）3. To tell you the truth, I dont know_money from the ATM. A. how to take outB. how take in C. what to
38、take outD. what take in （）4. I have trouble _the English teacher. He speaks too fast. A. understandB. to understandC. understandingD. to understand () 5Davids memory is_than mine. A. goodB. betterC. bestD, the best () 6I wont lend you my car _ you promise to return it before 12:00. A. ifB. unlessC.
39、soD. but () 7How many methods does the article _to improve our memory? A. punishB. controlC. mentionD. invent () 8Many old memories _of my mindwhen I saw those photos. A. took outB. put outC. died outD. poured out () 9Wood_if you _it into water. A. floats; putB. will float; will putC. floats; will p
40、utD. will float; put () 10Mo Yan is a famous writer. His books are worth_. A. readB. readingC. to readD. to reading 三、完成句子 1.你真傻，不肯原谅别人的错误。 _not to forgive others for their mistakes. 2. 她逐步地学会了说英语。 She learnt to speak English _. 3. 丹尼在中国的风俗习惯方面有些麻烦。 Danny _ Chinese customs. 4. 除非你努力学习，否则你的英语考试将不及格。(
41、unless) Youll fail in your English exam _. 5. 除非你有地图，否则你很容易迷路。 _, you will get lost easily. 四、阅读理解 Look at the instructions on the bottle of the medicine and then choose the right answers. John is twelve years old. He had a bad cold and coughed day and night. He went to see a doctor. The doctor gave
42、 him some cough medicine. Cough Medicine Shake(摇动) it well before use. Take it three times each day before meals. Dose(药量): Age: over 14,2 teaspoonfuls (勺) 8 - 13,1 teaspoonful 4 - 7,1/2 teaspoonful Not right for children below the age of three. Put it in a cold place. Use it before December 1 st, 2
43、003. 1. John should take _ a day. A. 2 teaspoonfulsB. 3 teaspoonfulsC. 4 teaspoonfulsD. I teaspoonful 2. Tile medicine should be kept in _. A. a fridgeB. hot waterC. any placeD. the sun 3. John should _ before he takes it A. shake the medicine wellB. eat nothingC. do some exerciseD. drink a cup of t
44、ea 4. When people are _ years old, they cannot take this medicine, A. eightyB. thirtyC. twoD. twelve 5. John will _ the medicine Mien it is left after Dec. 1st ,2003. A. throw awayB. stop to takeC. take onceD. take six times more 第十四讲第十四讲 GrammarGrammar A.A. If If 引导的条件状语从句（引导的条件状语从句（2 2） 在 if 引导的条件
45、状语从句当中，如果从句谈论的是一个有可能发生的事情及其 产生的相关结果，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。 If he comes to the party,everyone will be happy. 如果他来参加聚会，大家都会很开心的。 He will help you, if you ask him. 如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。 如果 if 条件句谈论的是一种真理或者客观事实时，主句和从句均使用一般现在 时。 如：If you take a fish out of water,it dies. 如果你让鱼儿离开水，它就会死。 The room becomes dark if you
46、 turn off the lamp. 如果你关灯，房间里就一片漆黑。 If not与 unless Unless=if not 除非；如果不 如：除非你现在出发，否则你就不能及时赶到那儿。 Unless you start right now,you will not get there in time. If you dont start right now,you will not get there in time. You will not get there in time unless you start right now. You will not get there in
47、time if you dont start right now. 说明：if 或 unless 引导的条件状语从句位置灵活，可放于句首，也可位于主句的 后面。当 if 或 unless 从句位于句首时，后面通常加逗号和主句隔开。 （2013 年中考） we continue making too much rubbish, the problem will not only get worse. A. WhenB. WhetherC.WhyD.If you go to bed earlier at night,you wont in the morning. (2010 年中考) 如果你早点睡，早上就不会感到疲惫。 We wont go out if ittonight. 随堂练：随堂练： 一、单项选择 1.If y