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1、第一课一 术语翻译1. 中国医药学traditional Chinese medicine; TCM2. 中医基础理论basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine3. 临床经验clinical experience4. 辨证论治treatment based on syndrome differentiation 5. 杂病miscellaneous diseases6. 中药学Chinese pharmacy7. 四气五味four properties and five tastes8. 针灸acupuncture and moxibustion;
2、 acumox9. 古代中国哲学classical Chinese philosophy10. 汗法sweating therapy; diaphoresis11. 下法purgation12. 吐法vomiting therapy; emetic therapy13. 补土派the School of Reinforcing the Earth14. 病因学etiology15. 方剂prescription; formula16. 医疗实践medical practice17. 治疗原则therapeutic principles18. 寒凉药物herbs cold and cool in
3、 nature19. 滋阴降火nourishing yin and reducing fire20. 瘀血治病diseases caused by blood stagnation二 句子翻译1. 中国医药学有数千年的历史，是中国人民长期同疾病做斗争的经验总结。 TCM has a history of thousands of years and is a summary of the Chinese peoples experience in their struggle against diseases.2. 中医学有完整独特的理论体系。 TCM has a unique and int
4、egrated theoretical system.3. 中医学是研究人的生命规律以及疾病的发生、发展和防止规律的一门学问。 TCM is a science that studies the rules of life as well as the occurrence, progress, prevention and treatment of diseases.4. 黄帝内经为中医学理论体系的形成奠定了基础。 Yellow Emperors Canon of Medicine has laid a solid foundation for the formation of theore
5、tical system of traditional Chinese medicine.5. 难经在许多方面，尤其是脉学上，补充了黄帝内经的不足。 Classic of Difficulties has supplemented what was unaddressed in the Yellow Emperors Canon of Medicine in many respects, especially in pulse lore.6. 诸病源候论是中医学最早的一部病因症候学专著。 Discussion on the Causes and Symptoms of Various Dise
6、ases is the earliest extant monograph on the causes and symptoms of diseases in China.7. 阳常有余，阴常不足。Yang is usually excessive while yin is frequently deficient.8. 内伤脾胃，百病由生。 Internal impairment of the spleen and stomach causes various diseases.9. 本草纲目是中药学史上的不朽著作，并对世界药学的发展做出了伟大的贡献。 Compendium of Mater
7、ia Medica is recognized as a monumental work in the history of Chinese materia medica and a great contribution to the development of pharmacology in the world.10. 中药不但包含本草，而且包含矿物药和动物药等。 Traditional Chinese materia medica includes not only medicinal herbs, but also minerals and animal parts.11. 金元时期出
8、现了后世称为“金元四大家”的医学流派。 In the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, there appeared the so-called four great medical schools.12. 张从正认为病由邪生，提倡汗、吐、下三法祛邪治病。 Zhang Congzheng believed that all diseases were caused by exogenous pathogenic factors and advocated that pathogenic factors should be driven out by means of diapho
9、resis, emesis and purgation. 13. 刘完素认为“火热”为主要病因，用药以寒凉为主。 Liu Wansu believed that “fire-heat” was the main cause of a variety of diseases and that these diseases should should be treated with drugs cold and cool in nature.14. 李杲认为治疗疾病以温补脾胃为主，被称为“补土派”。 Li Gao held that “internal impairment of the sple
10、en and stomach would bring about diseases” and emphasized that the most important thing in clinical treatment was to warm and invigorate the spleen and stomach.15. 朱丹溪治病以滋阴降火为主，被称为“养阴派”。 Zhu Danxi believed that “yang is usually excessive while yin is frequently deficient” and advocated the remedies
11、of nourishing yin and reducing fire in treatment of diseases. 16. 温病是研究四时温病的发生、发展规律及其诊治方法的一门临床学科。 Study on Warm Disease is a clinical specialty focusing on the occurrence, progress, diagnosis and treatment of warm diseases.17. 温病学派创立了以卫气营血和三焦为核心的温病辨证论治规范。 The School of Warm Disease has developed the
12、 rules of treatment of warm disease based on syndrome differentiation in light of defensive phase, qi phase, nutritive phase, blood phase and triple energizer.18. 王清任改正了古医书在人体解剖方面的错误，并倡导瘀血致病的理论。 Wang Qingren in the late Qing Dynasty corrected mistakes about anatomy made in ancient medical books and
13、advocated the theory that diseases were caused by blood stagnation.19. 中西医结合为中医的发展与现代化开辟了一条新途径。 Integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine has paved a new way for the development and modernization of traditional Chinese medicine.20. 中医基础理论系统化和实验研究取得了快速的发展。 Great progress has been made in sy
14、stematic and experimental study of the basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine.第二课一 术语翻译1. 五脏five zang-organs; five zang-viscera2. 六腑six fu-organs3. 经络系统system of meridians and collaterals4. 整体观念holism5. 有机整体organic wholenss6. 社会属性social attribute7. 开窍(of the five zang-organs) open into8. 生长化收藏
15、sprout, grow, transform, ripen and store9. 诊断学diagnostics10. 邪正关系relationship between pathogenic factors and healthy qi11. 治疗学therapeutics12. 风寒感冒common cold due to wind and cold13. 同病异治different therapeutic methods used to treat the same disease14. 异病同治the same therapeutic method used to treat diff
16、erent diseases15. 水液代谢平衡balance of water metabolism16. 清心火clearing away heart fire17. 疾病治本nature of disease18. 以左治右treating the left side for curing diseases located on the right side19. 从阴引阳drawing yang from yin20. 病在上者下取之treating the lower part for curing diseases located on the upper part二 句子翻译1.
17、中医理论体系有两个基本特点：一是整体观念，二是辨证论治。 The theoretical system of TCM is mainly characterized by holism and treatment based on syndrome differentiation.2. 中医学认为人体是一个有机的整体。 TCM believes that the human body is an organic whole.3. 人体各个组成部分在功能上相互为用，在病理上相互影响。 The constituent parts of the human body are interdepende
18、nt in physiology and mutually influential in pathology.4. 整体观念贯穿于中医生理、病理、诊法、辩证和治疗的各个方面。 The holism permeates through the physiology, pathology, diagnosis, syndrome differentiation and treatment of diseases.5. 自然界的变化又可直接或间接的影响人体。 Changes in the natural world directly or indirectly influence the human
19、 body.6. 人的气血春夏趋向于表，秋冬趋向于里。 Qi and blood in the human body tend to flow to the exterior in spring and summer and to the interior in autumn and winter.7. 心开窍于舌并与小肠相表里。 The heart opens into the tongue and is internally and externally related to the small intestine.8. 中医认识到社会活动对心理的影响。 TCM has noticed t
20、hat the fact that social activity psychologically influences human beings.9. 中医强调形神共存，互用并相互影响。 According to TCM, the body and spirit coexist, interacting with each other and influencing each other.10. 人体阳气白天多趋于表，夜晚多趋于里。 Yang qi in the human body tends to flow to the exterior in the daytime and to th
21、e interior at night.11. 地区气候的差异在一定程度上也影响着人体的生理活动。 Regional differences, to some extent, influences the physiological activities of the human body.12. 证是机体在疾病在发展过程中的某一阶段的病理概括。 Syndrome is a generalization of pathological changes at a certain stage during the course of a disease.13. 辨证论治是中医认识疾病和治疗疾病的基
22、本原则，也是中医的基本特点之一。 Treatment based on syndrome differentiation, one of the characteristics of TCM, is the basic principle in TCM for understanding and treating diseases.14. 证包括了病变的部位、原因、性质，以及邪正关系。 Syndrome includes the location, cause and nature of a disease as well as the state of pathogenic factors
23、and healthy qi.15. 辩证和论治是诊治疾病过程中相互联系不可分割的两个方面。 Differentiation of syndrome and treatment of disease are two inseparable aspects in diagnosing and treating diseases.16. 临床中医注重辨病，但更注重辩证，从而通过治证来治疗疾病。 Clinically doctors pay great attention to the differentiation of diseases. But therapeutically they car
24、e more about the differentiation of syndromes because diseases can be cured by treating syndromes. 17. 证能更全面、更正确地揭示疾病的本质。 Syndrome can comprehensively and accurately reveal the nature of a disease.18. 不同的疾病可因相同的病机而出现相同的证。 Different diseases may demonstrate the same syndrome because of the similarity
25、 in pathogenesis.19. 如果两种疾病表现出相同的中气下陷证，就均可用升提中气的方法治疗。 If the syndrome of middle qi sinking appears in two different diseases, they all can be treated by the therapeutic method for elevating middle qi.20. 中医治病不是单纯注重病之异同，而是病机之异同。 The treatment of diseases in TCM does not only simply concentrate on the
26、 difference or similarity of diseases, but on the difference or similarity of pathogenesis.第三课1 术语翻译1.哲学概念 philosophical concept2.相互转化mutual transformation3.阴平阳秘 balance of yin and yang4.阴阳转化transformation between yin and yang5.寒极生热 extreme cold turning into heat6.病理变化 pathological changes7.绝对偏盛 abs
27、olute predominance8.病机总纲 general rule of pathogenesis9.补其不足 supplementing what it lacks of10.祛风散寒 eliminating wind and dispersing cold11.相互消长 mutually inhibiting and promoting12.相互制约 mutually inhibiting and restraining13.相互依存 interdependence14.阴胜则阳病 excess of yin leading to decline of yang15.相反相成 co
28、ntrary and supplementary to each other16.有机整体 organic whole17.阳损及阴 impairment of yang involving yin18.阴阳两虚 deficiency of both yin and yang19.虚寒证 deficiency cold syndrome20.潜阳熄风 suppressing yang and eliminating wind三 句子翻译1.阴阳是中国古代哲学的一对范畴 。 Yin and yang are two concepts in classical Chinese philosophy
29、.2. 阴阳是自然界相互关联的某些事物和现象对立双方的概括。 Yin and yang are the summarization of the attributes of two opposite aspects of interrelated things or phenomena in nature.3. 宇宙间一切事物的发生、发展和变化都是阴阳对立统一矛盾运动的结果。 The formation, development and changes of all things in the universe are the result of the movement of yin and
30、 yang that oppose to each other and unite with each other.4. 天气轻清故属阳，地气重浊故属阴。 The celestial qi pertains to yang because it is light and lucid, while the terrestrial qi pertains to yin because it is heavy and turbid.5. 阴阳相互制约的过程就是相互消长的过程。 The course of mutual restraint and inhibition between yin and
31、yang signifies their progress in mutual reduction and promotion.6. 没有阴也就无以言阳，没有阳也就无以言阴。 Yin cannot exist alone without yang and vice versa.7. 阴阳离绝，精气乃绝。 Separation of yin and yang results in exhaustion of essence.8. 只有不断的消长平衡，才能推动事物的正常发展。 Only through constant reduction, growth and balance can the n
32、ormal development of things be maintained.9. 在一定条件下，阴阳可以各自向相反的方向发展。 Under given conditions, either yin or yang may transform into its counterpart.10. 物生谓之化，物极谓之变。 Sprout of things signifies transformation while extreme development of things indicates change.11. 人生有形，不离阴阳。 Yin and yang are indispensa
33、ble the human body.12. 功能属于阳，物质属于阴。 Functions pertain to yang while substances to yin.13. 如果阴阳不能相互为用而分离，人的生命也就终止了。 If yin and yang fail to promote each other and are thus separated from each other, it will lead to the end of life.14. 无论疾病的病理变化如何复杂，都不外乎阴阳的偏盛偏衰。 No matter how complicated pathological
34、changes of a disease are, they are nothing more than relative predominance of yin or yang.15. 正气指整个集体的结构与功能，包括人体对疾病的抵抗力等。 The so-called healthy qi refers to the structure and functions of the body, including body resistance against diseases.16. 集体阴或阳的任何一方虚损到一定程度，必然导致另一方的不足。 If any part of the body,
35、either yin or yang, becomes deficient to a certain extent, it will inevitably lead to insufficiency of the other part.17. 疾病的发生发展的内在原因在于阴阳失调。 Imbalance between yin and yang is the intrinsic factor responsible for the occurrence and progress of a disease.18. 从色泽的明暗，可以辨别病情的阴阳属性。 The manifestations of
36、complexion can tell whether a disease pertains to yin or yang in nature.19. 治疗的基本原则是补其不足，泻其有余。 The basic therapeutic principle is to supplement insufficiency and reduce excess.20. 只有选用适宜的药物，才能收到良好的疗效。 Only when appropriate herbs are chosen can excellent therapeutic effects be ensured.第四课一 术语翻译1.五行学说
37、the doctrine of five elements; the theory of five phases2.条达舒畅 free development3.生我、我生 to be generated and to generate4.生中有制 restraint in generation5.木曰曲直 Wood is characterized by growing freely and peripherally.6.土爰稼穑Earth is characterized by cultivation and reaping.7.水曰润下 Water is characterized by
38、 moistening and downward flowing.8.相乘相侮 over restriction and counter-restriction9.土虚木乘Wood over restricts earth because it is deficient.10.生克制化 promotion, restriction, inhibition and transformation11.母病及子 disorder of a mother-organ involving its child-organ12.肝肾精血不足 insufficiency of essence and bloo
39、d in the liver and kidney13.心肝血虚 blood deficiency in the heart and liver14.心火亢盛exuberant fire in the heart15.肝阴不足 insufficiency of liver yin16.肾阳式微 declination of kidney yang17.脾胃虚弱 weakness of the spleen and stomach18.平肝和胃 soothing the liver and harmonizing the stomach19.肾阴不足 insufficiency of kidne
40、y yin20.水火不济 balance between water and fire 二 句子翻译1.木、火、土、金、水 是不可缺少的五种最基本的物质。 Wood, fire, earth, metal and water are the five most essential materials indispensable to human existence.2. 中医理论体系在形成过程中，受到古代五行学说的深刻影响。 The formation of the theoretical system of TCM was deeply influenced by the doctrine
41、of five elements.3. 水具有滋润和向下的特性。 Water is characterized by moistening and downward flow.4. 肝主升而归属于木。 The liver pertains to wood because it controls elevation.5. 脾主运化而归属于土。 The spleen pertains to earth because it controls transportation and transformation.6. 肾主升水归属于水。 The kidney pertains to water bec
42、ause it controls water metabolism.7. 相克是指一事物对另一事物的生长和功能具有抑制和制约的作用。 Restriction implies that one thing brings under control or restraint of the other.8. 木生火，“生我”者为木；“我生”者为土。 Since wood generates fire, wood is the generator of fire; since fire generates earth, fire is the generator of earth.9. 相乘即以强凌弱
43、的意思。 Over restriction means to launch a violent attack when a counterpart is weak.10. 木过强时，既可以乘脾，又可以侮金。 When wood is too strong, it will over restrict the spleen and counter-restrict metal.11. 心阳有温煦之功能，故心属火。 Since the heart can warm the body, it pertains to fire.12. 肝藏精以济心。 The liver stores blood to
44、 complement the liver.13. 肾藏精以滋养肝的阴血。 The kidney stores essence to nourish blood in the liver.14. 子病犯母指疾病的传变从子脏传及母脏。 The idea that the disorder of a child-organ attacks the mother-organs means that the disease is transmitted from a child-organ to its mother-organ.15. 人体是一个有机的整体，内脏有病可以反映到体表。 The huma
45、n body is an organic whole. So disorders of the internal organs can be manifested over the surface of the body.16. 相克传变包括“相乘”和“相侮”，均属于不正常的相克。 Restriction includes over restriction and counter-restriction, both of which are abnormal restriction among the five elements.17. 五行的基本属性是生、克、乘、侮。 The basic r
46、elationships among the five elements are generation, restriction, over restriction and counter-restriction.18. 生我者为母，我生者为子。 The one that generates is the mother-element while the one that is being generated is the child-element.19. 在临床治疗上，五行学说用来确定治疗原则和治疗方法。 Clinically the doctrine of five elements i
47、s used to decide therapeutic principles and methods.20. 五行学说也有一定的局限性。 The doctrine of five elements obviously has certain limitations and is still in need of further improvement.第五课一 术语翻译1. 藏象学说doctrine of visceral manifestations2. 五脏六腑five zang-organs and six fu-organs3. 奇恒之腑extraordinary fu-organs4. 水谷精微nutrients of water and food5. 传化水谷transmitting and transforming water and food6. 贮藏精气storing essence