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1、秋风清，秋月明,落叶聚还散,寒鸦栖复惊。雅思听力精讲班材料I 雅思听力答题程序1 浏览指令：以题目为线索，对即将听到的内容有大体了解，甚至可以推测出部分答案内容。在磁带开始后有的放矢的寻找答案。2 分析问题，确定信号词a. 确认每道题的题眼和题干，知道问什么，并有哪些预示答案的信号。有了这种准备，听的时候就能敏锐的觉察到信号的到来，迅速捕捉到所需的答案信息。b. 预测答案类别，可能是日期、人名、数字，或某种原因。c. 通过考虑每一部分的所有问题，理顺问题或信号词的逻辑关系，就能正确预测所听语篇的内容结构和应解决的主要问题。d. 试题每一部分的前后各有30秒，最好把上一部分的30秒用在下一部分的
2、预测上。3 善于做标记: 采取自己熟悉的方式或标记，快速准确地记录题目选项中的重要信息。4 综合利用各种信息：听力是一个能动的、积极的思维过程，在听音过程中，要结合自己所掌握的常识、已知的信息、说话人的观点和态度、周围的环境等能动的理解和会意，而不能简单、被动的接受原话。5 充分利用最后10分钟填写和检查答案。检查应包括：大写、复数、被动、金钱符号等。II 雅思听力题型分类1 客观事实题：题目问题以客观事实为依据，如人名、电话号码等，主要以填空题、填表题、完成句子题、图解标签题为主，主要考察对基础知识的快速反应能力和熟练程度，很少涉及归纳总结，难度相对较低。2 主观归纳题：答案往往是对原文事件
3、进行评述或归纳总结。匹配题、判断题、简答题、选择题都属于此类。例如：Attendance at lecture is _. A. optional after 4 pm B. closely monitored C. difficult to enforce D. sometimes unnecessary原文：Teacher-Attendance at lectures is necessary, we expect a least 90% attendance at this university. Student-Do they enforce that rule? Teacher-Ye
4、s, we do. We are pretty strict about that actually.III 信号词的类别与功能在考试中，一个正确答案出现之前，总会有相关词汇直接或间接的暗示答案在文中的位置，我们把这种暗示答案位置的词汇称为信号词。对雅思听力至关重要的信号词有两类，一是题目中表示具体行为的名词、动词以及表示事实的数词、专有名词、大写、黑体字等；二是文章中表示篇章逻辑关系的衔接信号词。又分为6种：1 表示列举、增补关系的信号词and, whats more, also, for instance, for example, in addition, similarly, besi
5、des, too, bothand, furthermore, likewise, moreover, one more thing, either, as well as, together, such as, like2. 表示转折或对比关系的信号词although, nevertheless, however, though, on the contrary, in spite of, by contrast, in contrast, otherwise, but, on the other hand, yet, as a matter of fact, instead, while,
6、 despite, whereas3. 表示顺序或序列关系的信号词first, second, third, last but not least, after, between, next, for a start, afterward, finally, in the first place, first of all, to begin with, meanwhile, until, subsequently, previously, then4. 表示解释或强调关系的信号词that is, in particular, I mean, namely, in other words, a
7、nother way of saying, especially, that is to say, equally, actually, specially5. 表示归纳或结论关系的信号词as a result, in short, sum, in brief, in a word, in conclusion, altogether, therefore, thus, accordingly, consequently, so, finally, overall, on the whole, to conclude, to sum up, to summarize6. 表示因果关系的信号词a
8、s a result, for, because, therefore, since, consequently, so, for this reason, thus定位词的应用1 直接问答型题目例1 定位词是专有名词原文：Money that was to have been spent on the re-structuring of Sydneys road system has been re-allocated to what the Prime Minister described as “a more worthy cause”.题目： This money was to be
9、spent on improving Sydneys _ but has now been re-allocated.例2 定位词是题目中的关键词原文：The bachelor of Social Science is in one faculty within the university, that is the faculty I work, known as Arts and Social Sciences.题目：The speaker works within the Faculty of A. Science and Technology B. Arts and Social Sc
10、iences C. Architecture D. Law例3 数字原文：Todays can weighs about 0.48 ounces-thinner than two pieces of paper.题目：Each can weighs 0.48 ounces-thinner than_.2. 间接问答型题目即不能再题目和文章中找到明显的信号词和答案，而要找到与之相对应的同义词、句型、句式，甚至要对一段文章的内容加以概括后总结出自己的观点。包括：同义词替换、句型句式替换、文章内容的归纳概括。例1 同义词替换原文：We owe our lives to the skill of th
11、e pilot. 题目：The passengers thanked the pilot for saving their lives but unfortunately they lost their musical instrument.Thank sb. for doing sth. = owe sth. to sb.例2 句型句式替换原文：Please read these carefully as coffee times cannot be changed.题目：No change can be made to _.例3 文章内容的归纳概括原文：The companies are
12、not actually interested in selling you a cheap flight. They are interested in selling the seats and flying airplanes that full.题目：The airline companies want to _.A. increase profits B. benefit the passenger C. sell cheap seats D. improve the serviceIV 雅思听力经常涉及的词汇1 租房场景for lease, for sale, flat, apar
13、tment, dormitory, student hostel, halls of residence, youth hostel, bedroom, kitchen, stove, fridge, microwave oven, washing machine, air-conditioner, electric fan, radiator, electric stove, pillow, pillow case, bed linen, mattress, blanket, hall, lobby, porch, balcony, available, furnished2. 研究场景Re
14、search, deadline, poll, survey, hypothesis, statistics, statistically valid, data/datum, investigation, quantitative, interview, respondent, interviewee, questionnaire, multiple choice questions, analyze, results, conclusion, interpretation, opinion3. 图书馆场景Borrow, lend, renew, available, out on loan
15、, journal, periodical, current issues, reference books, category, catalog, date of expiry, overdue, pay fines, check out, reserved books, return in time, audio-visual materials4. 地理场景Far from, nearby, go straight across, cross, next to, turn left/right, go along, on the left/right, directly opposite
16、, on the corner of, ground floor, wing, annex, basement, twin building, landmark, block/complex, stair, step, wheel chair access, aisle, intersection/crossroad, a fork on the road, T roadLondon, England, Liverpool, Manchester, Sheffield, Birmingham, Coventry, Leeds, Scotland, Glasgow, Edinburgh, Wal
17、es, Cardiff, BelfastIreland, DublinAustralia, Canberra, Queensland, Brisbane, New South Wales, Sydney, Victoria, Melbourne, PerthNew Zealand, WellingtonCanada, Ottawa, British Columbia, Vancouver, Alberta, Edmonton, Ontario, Toronto, Quebec, MontrealThe United States of America, Washington, New York
18、, Boston, Atlanta, Seattle, Los Angeles, Chicago5. 新生报到场景Counselor, principal, tutor, advisor, enrollment, campus, common room, canteen, dining hall, cafeteria, accommodation, parking lot, parking regulations, shopping mall, teaching building, lecture theatre, admin office, laboratory, student union
19、, society, club, student account, checkbook, deposit, withdraw7. 度假场景Express way, express train, travel agency, flight number, take off, land, check in, motel, hostel, passport, visa, credit card, driving licence, platform, museum, souvenir, art gallery, vineyard, cathedral, castle, national park, h
20、iking, hitch-hike, surfing, skiing, bag-pack, instant coffee, Espresso, brewed coffee, fish and chips, greasy, spicy, vegetarian, salad8. 看病场景Headache, vitamin, diet, dentist, insomnia, prescribe, pharmacy, in-patient department, drowsiness, flu, clinic, body temperature, allergy, penicillin, antibi
21、otic9. 授课场景Selective option/module, compulsory course, letter of recommendation, undergraduate, graduate, postgraduate, score, credit, degree, assessment, handout, assignment, presentation, project, journal, essay/paper/thesis/dissertation, tutorial, office hour, coordinator, associate professor, lecturer, dean, counselor, advisor, mentor, chancellor, faculty