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1、大学英语六级模拟考试Part I Writing ( 30 minutes )注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the fo
2、ur choices marked A, B, C and D. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Whats the Single Best Exercise?Lets consider the butterfly（蝶泳）. One of the most calorie-consuming movements in sports, the butterfly requires greater energy than bicycling at 14 mile
3、s per hour, running a 10-minute mile, playing competitive basketball or carrying furniture upstairs. It burns more calories, demands larger doses of oxygen and elicits more fatigue than those other activities, meaning that over time it should increase a swimmers endurance and contribute to weight co
4、ntrol. So is the butterfly the best single exercise that there is? Well, no. The butterfly “would probably get my vote for the worst” exercise, said Greg Whyte, a professor of sport and exercise science at Liverpool John Moores University in England. The butterfly, he said, is “miserable, isolating,
5、 and painful.” It requires a coach, a pool and ideally supplemental weight and flexibility training to reduce the high risk of injury. Ask a dozen physiologists which exercise is best, and youll get a dozen wildly divergent replies. “Trying to choose” a single best exercise is “like trying to conden
6、se the entire field” of exercise science, said Martin Gibala, the chairman of the department of kinesiology at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario. But when pressed, he suggested one of the foundations of old-fashioned body exercises: the burpee, in which you drop to the ground, kick your feet
7、out behind you, pull your feet back in and leap up as high as you can. “It builds muscles. It builds endurance.” He paused. “But its hard to imagine most people enjoying” an all-burpees program, “or sticking with it for long.” And sticking with an exercise is the key, even if you dont spend a lot of
8、 time working out. The health benefits of activity follow a breathtakingly steep curve. “The majority of the mortality-related benefits” from exercising are due to the first 30 minutes of exercise, said Timothy Church, M.D., who holds the John S. Mchenny endowed chair in health wisdom at the Penning
9、ton Biomedical Research Center in Baton Rouge, La. A recent meta-analysis of studies about exercise and mortality showed that, in general, a persons risk of dying prematurely from any cause is reduced sharply by nearly 20 percent if he or she began brisk walking (or the equivalent) for 30 minutes fi
10、ve times a week. If he or she tripled that amount, for instance, to 90 minutes of exercise four or five times a week, his or her risk of premature death dropped by only another 4 percent. So the one indisputable aspect of the single best exercise is that it be sustainable. From there, though, the de
11、bate grows heated. “I personally think that brisk walking is far and away the single best exercise,” said Michael Joyner, M.D., a professor of anesthesiology at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minn.As proof, he points to the work of Hiroshi Nose, M.D., Ph.D., a professor of sports medical sciences at
12、Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine in Japan, who has enrolled thousands of older Japanese citizens in an innovative, five-month-long program of brisk, interval-style walking (three minutes of fast walking, followed by three minutes of slower walking, repeated 10 times). The results have
13、been astonishing. “Physical fitness maximal aerobic power and muscle strength increased by about 20 percent,” Dr. Nose wrote in an e-mail, “which is sure to make you feel about 10 years younger than before training.” The walkers “symptoms of lifestyle-related diseases decreased by about 20 percent,”
14、 he added, while their depression scores dropped by half. Walking has also been shown by other researchers to aid materially in weight control. A 15-year study found that middle-aged women who walked for at least an hour a day maintained their weight over the decades. Those who didnt gained weight.
15、In addition, a recent fascinating study found that when older people started a regular program of brisk walking, the volume of their hippocampus, a portion of the brain involved in memory, increased significantly. But lets face it, walking holds little appeal or physiological benefit for anyone who
16、already exercises. “I nominate the squat（深蹲）,” said Stuart Phillips, Ph.D., a professor of kinesiology at McMaster University. The squat “activates the bodys biggest muscles, those in the buttocks, back and legs.” Its simple. “Just fold your arms across your chest,” he said, “bend your knees and low
17、er your trunk until your thighs are about parallel with the floor. Do that 25 times. Its a very effective exercise.” Use a barbell once the body-weight squats grow easy. The squat, and weight training in general, are particularly good at combating sarcopenia, he said, or the inevitable and debilitat
18、ing loss of muscle mass that accompanies advancing age. “Each of us is experiencing sarcopenia right this minute,” he said. “We just dont realize it.” Endurance exercise, he added, unlike resistance training, does little to slow the condition. Surprisingly, weight training may even improve cardiovas
19、cular fitness, Phillips said, as measured by changes in a persons VO2max, or the maximum amount of oxygen that the heart and lungs can deliver to the muscles. Most physiologists believe that only endurance-exercise training can raise someones VO2max. But in small experiments, he said, weight trainin
20、g, by itself, effectively increased cardiovascular fitness. “I used to run marathons,” he said. Now he mostly weight-trains, “and Im in better shape.” But theres something boring and unchallenging about a squats-only routine. And the science supporting weight training as an all-purpose exercise appr
21、oach, while provocative, remains inconclusive. Is there a single activity that has proved to be, at once, more efficient than walking while building power like the squat? “I think, actually, that you can make a strong case for H.I.T.,” Gibala said. High-intensity interval training, or H.I.T. as its
22、familiarly known among physiologists, is essentially all-interval exercise. As studied in Gibalas lab, it involves undertaking a series of short, bursting intervals on specialized stationary bicycles. In his first experiments, riders completed 30 seconds of cycling at the highest intensity the rider
23、s could stand. After resting for four minutes, the volunteers repeated the interval several times, for a total of two to three minutes of extremely intense exercise. After two weeks, the H.I.T. riders, with less than 20 minutes of hard effort behind them, had increased their aerobic capacity as much
24、 as riders who had played leisurely for more than 10 hours. Other researchers also have found that H.I.T. reduces blood-sugar levels and heart disease risk, and Gibala anticipates that it will aid in weight control, although he hasnt studied that topic fully yet. The approach seems promising, since
25、most of us have minimal time to exercise each week. Gibala last month published a new study of H.I.T., requiring only a stationary bicycle and some degree of motivation. In this modified version, you sprint for 60 seconds at a pace that feels unpleasant but sustainable, followed by 60 seconds easy a
26、nd relaxing bicycling, then another 60-second sprint and recovery, 10 times in all. “Theres no particular reason why” H.I.T. shouldnt be adaptable to almost any sport, Gibala said, as long as you adequately push yourself. Of course, to be effective, H.I.T. must hurt. But a study published last month
27、 found that when a group of recreational runners practiced H.I.T. on the track, they enjoyed the workout more than a second group of runners who brisk walked continuously for 50 minutes. The H.I.T. runners, the studys conductors suspect, were less bored. The only obvious disadvantage of H.I.T. is th
28、at it builds muscular strength less effectively than, say, the squat. But even that can be partially remedied, Gibala said: “Sprinting up stairs is a power workout and interval session simultaneously.”Meaning that running up steps just might be the single best exercise of all. Great news for those o
29、f us who could never master the butterfly. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答1. According to Greg Whyte, butterfly_A requires little outside help or facility.B burns out much more calories than most other exercises.C is not an ideal way of shaping ones body.D can only be done by someone strong and flexible.2. One re
30、ason burpee is NOT the single best exercise is that_A It demands too much imagination.B people are likely to lose interest in it after a short period of time.C It has little mortality-related benefit.D people tend to find it too challenging to carry out.3. The essence of exercise lies in_A the amoun
31、t of time one puts in.B what kind of sport one chooses.C remembering to take deep breath during the activityD keeping doing the exercise and not quit.4. Recently, a research on exercise and mortality indicates that a good exercise should_A benefit the majority of people.B last 30 minutes five times
32、a week.C can be undertaken in a consistent manner.D prevent people from premature death.5. Regarding brisk walking, Michael Joyner_A shares the idea of Hiroshi Nose.B deems it as an undesirable way of exercise. C finds the walking should be far and away.Dencourages the elder citizens to participate
33、in.6. Walking would sound less attractive to those who_A are doing some kind of sport already.B have lost their weight recentlyC are unable to walk for a long time repeatedly.D are aged and have difficulty in their brain functions.7. According to the passage, what should we do to avoid the loss of m
34、uscle mass?A To undertake endurance exercise.B To stay away from sarcopenia. C To slow down the process of aging.D To turn to weight training. 8. Despite all its merits, in terms of science, a possible flaw of squat is its_.9. Gibala states that it is practical to_ H.I.T. to most of the sports.10. P
35、resumably, compared to the brisk walkers, those who practiced H.I.T found the exercise_.Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked
36、 about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer, then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with
37、 a single line though the centre.11. A) Shed prefer to see a different type of movie than a comedy B) She has already finished her research paper C) She wont be able to go to a movie with the man D) Shed like the man to help her with her research paper12. A) He prefers to work part time B) He wants
38、to change his class schedule C) Hes having a difficult time finding a part-time job D) He doesnt want to work on campus13. A) She doesnt think it will snow B) The location of the session has been changed C) The session might be canceled D) Shell probably be too tired to walk to the session14. A) Use
39、 bleach on his socks B) Buy new white socks C) Wash his red T-shirt again D) Throw away his pink socks15. A) He hasnt talked to his brother since he transferred B) He doesnt think his brother should transfer C) His brother doesnt want to transfer D) He hadnt heard the news about his brother16. A) Wh
40、ich seminar the woman wants to sign up for B) If the woman keeps money at the bank C) Where the woman learned about the seminar D) If the woman has taken other classes on personal finances17. A) Hes used to cold weather B) He expected the weather to be warmer over the weekend C) He has never liked t
41、he weather in October D) He didnt see the forecast for the weekend18. A) Leave the art exhibit B) Help the man understand the display C) Take the artwork down D) Call the museum directorQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) She was impressed by itB) It was a was
42、te of moneyC) She was amazed it had opened so soonD) She didnt like it as much as the other wings20. A) He took a tour of the cityB) He read about itC) He wrote an article about itD) He worked there as a guide21.A) They came from the original wringB) Theyre made of the same materialC) Theyre similar
43、 in shapeD) They were designed by the same person22.A) It was made of aluminumB) It wasnt large enoughC) It wouldnt move in the windD) It was too heavy to put upQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 23. A) A class presentation theyre preparingB) A television program t
44、he man is watchingC) Visiting a close friend of theirsD) Studying for a test24. A) Hes taking a break from studyingB) He has already finished studyingC) He was assigned to watch a program by his professorD)Hes finding out some information for a friend25. A) He didnt know that she was enrolled in a l
45、inear algebra courseB) He though she preferred to study aloneC) He thought she had made arrangements to study with ElizabethD)He had told her that he had done poorly on a recent testSection BDirections:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some qu
46、estions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Questions 26 to 28 are based
47、 on the passage you have just heard.26. A) The increase in imported foods B) Limited agriculture production C) Traditional diets D) The lack of physical activity27. A) Samoa has the highest obesity rate at 80% B) 18% among women is overweight in this area C) The obesity rate of Fiji is the lowest at 30% D) 50% of the population has obesity-related disorders in this area28. A) They lack qualified doctors B) The local people refuse to cooperate C) The local dietary habits are hard to change D) They dont have adequate health resources and fundQuestions 29 to 32 are based on