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1、上海高中英语倒装句的详解与练习倒装的类型： 完全倒装：整个谓语移至主语前面 & 部分倒装： 只把助动词，系动词或情态动词放在主语之前常见的倒装结构1. 疑问句的倒装2. 句子谓语是 go, come, run 等 表示位置移动的动词和 be动词，句中又有表示方向的副词 （ 如： there, here, off, up, down, out, in away等）当主语是名词时，强调该副词，可将其放句首， 倒装。 但主语是人称代词时，只可将副词置于句首，后面是陈述句的语序，即主，谓不倒装。Here comes the train to Beijing. 去北京的火车来了。Down came th
2、e rain. 下雨了。Here she comes. 她来了。3. 当 so .that 结构中的so 位于句首加强语气是， 第一分句要倒装。So moved was she that she could not say a word. 她感动得一句话也说不出来。So loudly did he speak that even the people in the next room could hear him. 4. “ so + 助动词+ 主语“ 表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人或物。I was late and so was she. 我迟到了， 她也迟到了。“ so + 主语+ 助
3、动词” 是重复或进一步肯定前面所说的情况， 前后两句主语指的是同一个人。5. “neither/nor +助动词+主语”表示前面所说的否定内容也适用于另一人或物。She wont go. Neither/Nor will I. 她不走， 我也不走。6. 当if引导的虚拟条件从句中含有had,were或should等时， 如将if省略，则要将had, were或should 等移到主语前，作部分或完全倒装。Had you come yesterday, you would have seen him. 若你昨天来， 你就会见到他了。7. only 修饰状语位于句时，居中的主，谓部分倒装。Only
4、 then did we realize that the man was blind. 直到那时我们才发现那个人是盲人。Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work.直道1918年战争结束后， 他才愉快地重返工作岗位。.8. 将含有否定意义的副词 ( never,seldom, not, little, hardly, no, in no time等)， “not a + 名词”或 “ not a single +名词” 结构，置于句首， 句中的主，谓部分倒装。Seldom in my l
5、ife have I met so determined a person. 一生中我很少见到如此果断的人。Not a word did he say at the last meeting. 在会议上他一句话也没说。9. hardly .when, no sooner .than, not only but also 引导两个分句时， 将前一个分句中的主，谓部分倒装，后一个分句中的语序不变。Hardly had he began to speak when his father stopped him. 他刚发言就被他父亲制止了No sooner had I left my house th
6、an it began to rain. 我刚刚离开家就下雨了。10. 某些让步状语从句往往把表语提到主语前面或放在句首，以构成倒装结构。No matter how interesting the book is , he doesnt like to read it. However hard a solid may be, we can change its shape. Young as he is, he knows some of the family secrets. 尽管年级小，他却知道家里的一些秘密。as引导的倒装句的结构是：形容词副词名词动词+as+主谓。当表语为名词时，则名
7、词前不加任何冠词 .11.为了强调句中的状语或表语，保持句子平衡或上下文的衔接，在叙述性和描绘性的书面语中，句中主语和谓语完全倒装，可将状语或表语置于句首。In the cottage lives a family of six. 在这幢小茅舍里住着一家六口。Near the bridge was an old cottage. 在桥的附近有一幢古老的茅舍。1. Be quick!_A. The bell goes there B. There the bell goes C. There goes the bell D. There is going the bell2. So _ that
8、 no people can swim in it.A. the river is deep B. deep the river is C. deep is the river D. is the river deep3. _ about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research.A. So curious the couple was B. So curious were the coupleC. How curious the couple were D. The coup
9、le was such curious4. _ , with tears in her eyes.A. Out she rushes B. Out rushes sheC. Out does she rush D. Rush does she out5. _ you work more efficiently are you able to catch up with others in the class.A. Only when B. If C. Unless D. Until6. Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother?I dont know
10、, _.A. nor dont care B. nor do I care C. I dont care neither D. I dont care also7. _ in your position, I couldnt catch up with him.A. Were I B. If I was C. If I am D. Was I 8. _ can you expect to get a pay rise.A. With hard work B. Although work hard C. Only with hard work D. Now that he works hard
11、9. Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serious the pollution was.A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realizedC. the villagers did realized D. didnt the villagers realize10. Never in my life _ in that manner.A. have I been spoken B. have I been spoken to C. I have been spoken D.
12、I have been spoken to 11. _, Carolina couldnt get the door open.A. Try as she might B. As she might try C. She might as try D. Might she as try12. The price went up and down .A. coming the living standardB. the living standard cameC. the living standard was comingD. came the living standard13. Only
13、when your identity has been checked _.A. you are allowed in B. you will be allowed in C. will you allow in D. will you be allowed in14. Not only _ interested in football but _ beginning to show an interest.A. the teacher himself is; all his B. the teacher himself is; are allC. is the teacher himself
14、; all are D. is the teacher himself; all his15. Never before _ in greater need of modern public transport than it is today.A. has this city beenB. this city has been C. was this cityD. this city was16._, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.A. A quiet student as he may beB. Quiet st
15、udent as he may beC. Be a quiet student as he mayD. Quiet as he may be a student17. _ , with tears in her eyes.A. Out she rushes B. Out rushes she C. Out does she rush D. Rush does she out18. _, I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week.A. However the story is amusing B. No mat
16、ter amusing the story isC. However amusing the story is D. No matter how the story is amusing19. _ you work more efficiently are you able to catch up with others in the class.A. Only when B. If C. Unless D. Until20. _ , with tears in her eyes.A. Out she rushes B. Out rushes sheC. Out does she rush D
17、. Rush does she out1. It is the ability to do the job_ matters not where you come from or what you are. A. one B. thatC. what D. it 2. David said that it was because of his strong interest in literature _ he chose the course.A. that B. what C. why D. how3. It is these poisonous products _ can cause
18、the symptoms of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles. A .who B. that C .how D .what4. I just wonder _that makes him so excited.A. why it does B. what he does C. how it is D. what it is5 An awful accident _, however, occur the other day. A. does B. did C. has to D. had to 6. It was not until
19、she got home _ Jennifer realized she had lost her keys.A. whenB. thatC. whereD. before 7. It was_ black home after the experiment. A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didnt goC. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didnt go8. _that he managed to get the inf
20、ormation? Oh, a friend of his helped him. A. Where was it B. What was it C. How was it D. Why was it9.1) It was 20 years ago _ the two friends met in Viet Nam.2) It will be 20 years _ they meet in Viet Nam.3) It is 20 years _ he came to live here.4) It was 20 years _ he spent in writing this novel.5
21、) It was not long _ the people in Austria took up guns.6) It was midnight _ he came back home.7) It has been proved_ eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illness in later life.8) It was from only a few supplies _ she had bought in the village _ the hostess cooked such
22、a nice dinner. A. when B. before C. since D. that强调句强调句型的基本结构是：It is/was + 被强调部分(主语、宾语、宾语补足语或状语等) + that/who +句子的其余部分。一、连接词。一般说来，如果被强调部分是人时，用连词that或who；被强调的部分是宾语，指人时也可以用whom；如果被强调部分是物，只能用连词that。It was John and Mike who/that saw Mary in the street last night.It is Mary whom/ who he often helps .二、时态。
23、如果原句中谓语动词使用的是现在范畴的时态(一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成/现在完成进行时、一般将来时、将来进行时、将来完成时等)，用It is.that.。如果原句中谓语动词为过去范畴的时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等)，则用It was.that.。如：Mary met an old beggar in the street yesterday.It was Mary who/that met an old beggar in the street yesterday. (强调主语)It was an old beggar whom/that Mary met in
24、the street yesterday. (强调宾语)It was yesterday that Mary met an old beggar in the street. (强调时间状语)It was in the street that Mary met an old beggar yesterday. (强调地点状语)有时，be前可使用表示推测的情态动词。如：It must be Peter who has let this secret out.一定是彼得将这个秘密泄露出去的。It might be last night that they did their homework.他们
25、也许是昨晚做完作业的。三、 强调含有not until的句子。在强调not until句型时，not 位于until从句前，主句谓语动词作相应变化，即it is(was)+not until从句+that +其它。It was not until he had finished the work that he went home. It was not until 12 oclock last night that my brother came home. 四、强调句的疑问句。强调结构的疑问形式：强调一般疑问句中的某一成分时，要在主句中用一般疑问句的顺序。例如： Was it you th
26、at/who broke the window ? Was it in the war that he lost his son ?强调特殊疑问句中的疑问词，其结构模式是：“疑问词+ is/was + it +that.”。它同感叹句的强调模式极其相似，首先将疑问句开头的部分作为强调部分，套入强调结构，然后再将其变为疑问句。例如：1. Where were you born? Where was it that you were born?2. What did you want to see? What was it that you wanted to see?3. How many pe
27、ople are being trained for the special work? How many people is it that are being trained for the special work ?。 五、强调句型中的主谓一致。被强调的成分为原句的主语时，that/who之后的谓语动词应与被强调的名词或代词在人称和数方面保持一致关系，从而选用恰当的动词形式。例如：It is you who/that are wrong.It is I who/that am answering the question.但是如果被强调的部分是人称代词，按理应用人称代词主格形式，但在口
28、语或非正式文体中也可以用其宾格形式，此时that/who的谓语动词要用单数第三人称形式is或was。例如：It is me who is being asked the favor.另在It is/was., not.that.句型中，其谓语动词应与肯定部分的词保持一致关系。例如：It is my brother, not I that studies in that school.It is you, not your sister that are in charge of the company.六、感叹句的强调结构，既要体现强调句型的形式特征，又要体现感叹句的自然语序。例如：1. Ho
29、w happy he looks! How happy it is that he looks!2. What a clever boy he is! What a clever boy it is that he is!七、强调句型的鉴别方法及相似句型的辨析强调句型极易与定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句等相关句型混淆，判断的方法是：强调句型中去掉It is/wasthat剩下的部分在语法和意义上仍然是一个完整的句子。如：It was yesterday that I met him. 去掉句中的It was that 该句为：Yesterday I met him. 句意和语法都非常正确，说明
30、这是一个强调句。而其他句型则不行。1. It is the ability to do the job_ matters not where you come from or what you are. A. one B. thatC. what D. it 2. David said that it was because of his strong interest in literature _ he chose the course.A. that B. what C. why D. how3. It is these poisonous products _ can cause th
31、e symptoms of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles. A .who B. that C .how D .what4. I just wonder _that makes him so excited.A. why it does B. what he does C. how it is D. what it is5 An awful accident _, however, occur the other day. A. does B. did C. has to D. had to 6. It was not until sh
32、e got home _ Jennifer realized she had lost her keys.A. whenB. thatC. whereD. before 7. It was_ back home after the experiment. A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didnt goC. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didnt go8. _that he managed to get the inform
33、ation? Oh, a friend of his helped him. A. Where was it B. What was it C. How was it D. Why was it9.1) It was 20 years ago _ the two friends met in Viet Nam.2) It will be 20 years _ they meet in Viet Nam.3) It is 20 years _ he came to live here.4) It was 20 years _ he spent in writing this novel.5) I
34、t was not long _ the people in Austria took up guns.6) It was midnight _ he came back home.7) It has been proved_ eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illness in later life.9) It was from only a few supplies _ she had bought in the village _ the hostess cooked such a n
35、ice dinner. A. when B. before C. since D. thatReview1. Hardly _the office when it began to rain.A. did I leave B. had I left C. I left D. I had left2. _ for your help, wed never have been able to get over the difficulties.A. Had it notB. Had it not been C. If it were not D. If we had not been3. _ ,
36、with tears in her eyes.A. Out she rushes B. Out rushes she C. Out does she rush D. Rush does she out4. _ her new dress in front of the mirror.A. On went B. Went on C. Did go onD. Does go on5. By his side _.A. stand his son B. stood his son C. his son stoodD. did his son stand6._ here tomorrow, he wo
37、uld show us his new pictures.A. Were he to come B. Should he comeC. Had he come D. A&B7. This dress doesnt fit me._ does that one.A. NorB. As C. So D. And8. _ him tell a lie since we became good friends.A. I never heard B. I have heard never C. Never have I heard D. Never I have heard9. Little _ tha
38、t he was seriously ill himself.A. the old man know B. the old man knewC. did the old man know D. did the old man knew10. Not until yesterday _his mind.A. did he change B. he changed C. had he changed D. he had changed11. Not only _ reading interesting stories but also he can even write some.A. does
39、he like B. he likes C. had he likedD. likes he12. No sooner _than a little boy rushed out of the classroom.A. the bell rangB. the bell had rung C. did the bell ring D. had the bell rung13. So excited _ that she couldnt help crying at that time.A. she seemedB. was she seeming C. did she seem D. she d
40、id seem14. Only then _ that I had made a terrible mistake.A. I realized B. did I realize C. I had realized D. had I realized15. Great _the difficulty was, they kept on working.A. because B. so C. if D. as16. Seldom _a film so moving as this.A. did we see B. we sawC. do we see D. we see17. - You seem to be a secretary.- _ . I have been working as a secretary for two years.A. So am I B. Im afraid not C. So I am D. I dont think so18. _ the last flight. You have to stay here for another night.A. There comesB. Here was C. There goes D. Here we had8