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1、CHAPTER 2The Supply Chain ManagementConceptLearning Objectives夕 To learn about supply chains and their managemente To understand differences between transactional and relational exchanges To realize the importance of leveraging technology吠 To appreciate barriers to supply chain managementAbout Suppl
2、y Chains.夕 A supply chain encompasses all activities associated with the flow and transformation of goods from the raw material stage (extraction), through to the end user, as well as the associated information flows.Source: Robert B. Handfield and Ernest L. Nichols, Jr., Introduction to Supply Chai
3、n ManagementFigure 2-1: Different Supply ChainConfigurationsSupplier Organization CustomerFigure laDirect supply chainSuppliers supplierSupplierOrganization . Customer 一 Customers customerFigure lb-Extended supply chainUltimatesupplierSupplierThird-partylogisticssupplierOrganizationFinancialprovider
4、Customer -aMarket research firmUltimatecustomer 2008 Prentice Hall2-12Figure 1cUltimate supplv chainSupply Chain Management-Supply chain management is “the systemic, strategic coordination of the traditional business functions and the tactics across these business functions within a particular compa
5、ny and across businesses in the supply chain, for the purposes of improving the longterm performance of the individual companies and the supply chain as a whole.”Source: John T. Mentzer et al.,u Defining Supply Chain Management； Journal of Business LogisticsSuccessful Supply Chains have.g an enterpr
6、ise-to-enterprise point of view夕 a systems approach across all organizations in the supply chain-Companies recognize interdependencies-Goals and objectives are compatibleSCOR ProcessDefinitionsPlanProcesses that balance aggregate demand and supply to develop a course of action which best meets sourc
7、ing, production, and delivery requirementsSourceProcesses that procure goods and services to meet planned or actual demandMakeProcesses that transform product to a finished state to meet planned or actual demandDeliverProcesses that provide finished goods and services to meet planned or actual deman
8、d, typically including order management, transportation management, and distribution managementReturnProcesses associated with returning or receiving returned products for any reason. These processes extend into post-delivery customer supportKey Attributes of Supply ChainManagement夕 Customer powere
9、Long-term orientation- Relational exchanges- Transactional exchanges吠 Leveraging technologyb Enhanced communication across organizationsKey Attributes of Supply ChainManagementInventory control- Bullwhip effect- JAZb Interactivity, interfunctional, and interorganizational coordination- Supply chain
10、councils- CoopetitionBarriers to Supply ChainManagementb Regulatory and political considerations b Lack of top management commitment b Reluctance to share, or use, relevant data 夕 Incompatible information systems b Incompatible corporate culturesSupply Chain Management andIntegration夕 Long-term, mut
11、ually beneficial agreements-Partnerships- Strategic alliances- Third-party arrangements- Contract logisticsb Methods used to integrate- Vertical integration- Formal contracts- Informal agreementsSupply Chain Management andIntegration卡 Third-Party Logistics (3PL)- Logistics outsourcing- Contract logisticsFourth-party logistics (4PL) primarily used in global companies- Lead logistics provider (LLP)伤 Supply chain software