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1、祈使句专项讲解1.1 定义用于表达意愿、命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句，祈使句最常用于表达命令, 因此在学校文法中也常称为命令句。祈使句因对象即主语是第二人称，所以通常都省略。祈使句 的动词都为一般现在时，句末那么使用句号或感慨号来表示结束，读时用降调。例:去洗你的手。 命令请安静。一一请求对姊妹要和蔼。一一劝告小心！危险！一一强烈警告Go and wash your han ds.Be quiet, please. ( Please be quiet.Be kind to our sister.Look out ！ Danger ！1.2概念口诀祈使句无主语，主语you常省去
2、；动词原形谓语当，句首加do nt变否认;朗读应当用降调，句末常标感慨号。1.3表现形式1.3.1 肯定句1. Do型即：动词原形+宾语+其它成分。如：Please have a seat here.请这边坐。有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下，动词可省略。如：This way, please. = Go this way,please.请这边走。2. Be型即：Be +表语名词或形容词+其它成分。如：Be a good boy!要做一个好孩子3. Let型即：Let + 宾语+动词原形+ 其它成分。如：Let me help you. 让我来帮你否认句1. Do型和Be型的否认式都是在句首加don
3、t构成：如：Dont forget me! 不要忘记我！Dont be late for school!上学不要迟到！是系表结构一一也就是没有行为动词但是有形容词的那种一一使用Dont be有行为动词的就不能这么用，只能用Dont2. Let型的否认式有两种：“ Dont + let + 宾语 +动词原形+其它成分和“ Let +宾 语+ not + 动词原形 + 其它成分。如： Do nt let him go. / Let him n ot go.别让他走。3. 有些可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。如：No smoking!禁止吸烟！ No fishing! 禁止钓鱼!1.4练习、将
4、以下汉语翻译成英语。1. 请照看好您的包。 .2. 让我们去学校吧！ !3. 禁止在书上写字！ !4. 不要把书放这儿。 .5. 不要让猫进来。. 选择填空( )1 .Her doctor said:“work so hard A Stop B Don t C Can t D No()2. Jack,to be here at 8 o clockA is sure B is sure that C will be sure D be sure()whe n you cross the road.A Do care B Care C Be careful D To be careful( )4.
5、him the secret.A Don t tell B Not to tell C Not tellingD No telling()5.in bed. It s bad for your eyes.A Not to read B Don t read C Don t to read D Not read()6.Your child. We ll look after him.A Not to worry aboutB Don t worry aboutC Not worry forD Don t worry with()are very tired.a rest.A Not have B
6、 Do not have C Be have D Have()8 in the street. It s dangerous.A. Not play B. Not to play C. Don t play D. Don t to play()9tell a lie.A Be B NotC NoD Don t()look outside. Look at the blackboard.A notB don t C aren t D can t( )11. Pleaseme some mon ey.A. lend B. le ndingC. to lend D. be lend()12go to the bookshop.A Let s B Don t let they C Let we D No let me( )13 When you watch a film, please.A quiet B be quiet C be quietly D quietly( )14. the boxes. You may use them later.A. Keep B. Keep ingC. To keep D. Kept( )up early tomorrow!A. Getti ngB. Get C. To get D. Got