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1、倒装句,思考： （一）句子的语序 （二）倒装的分类 （三）倒装产生的原因,英语句子的自然语序：主语在前,谓语在后（主语+谓语）。把谓语动词放在主语之前（谓语+主语）,就叫倒装语序。 如果全部谓语放在主语之前, 叫全部倒装; 如果把谓语的一部分（通常是助动词、情态动词或be 动词）放在主语之前就叫部分倒装。,倒装的原因： 引起倒装的两个原因：语法需要和修辞需要 在语法需要时，倒装是必须的，否则会出现语法错误；在修辞需要时，倒装是任意的，目的是为了强调，否则的话，还可以还原成自然语序。,请观察：,The mens 110 hurdles come now. The athletes rush ou
2、t. They jump up. John runs so fast that he breaks the school record. We shall never forget the exciting moment.,Now come the mens 110 hurdles. Out rush the athletes. Up they jump. So fast does John run that he breaks the school record. Never shall we forget the exciting moment.,（一）完全倒装的情况：,1.表方位的副词h
3、ere, there 或out, in, up, down, away, off，now ,then,等标志词放在句首，句子用完全倒装。 E.g. 1）Here comes the bus. 2）Out rushed the children. 3）Away went the boy. 此时主语必须是名词,谓语是系动词或不及物动词； 主语若是代词时,不需要倒装。 e.g. Out it rushed. Here you are.,注意,【疑难1】 He is active in personality, and he seldom stays indoors. (无助动词) He is act
4、ive in personality, and seldom does he stay indoors. (把stays改成does stay) 【解析】若原句中没有助动词，必须根据谓语动词的具体时态来确定相应的助动词do, does 或did。,【疑难2】 1) Not only children but also adults are interested in the film Harry Potter. 2) We lost not only our money, but we also lost our way. 【解析】Not onlybut also连接两个并列主语时不可倒装。只
5、有在连接两个句子且将not only所连接的句子提到句首时，才可用倒装，but also后面的句子不倒装。前倒后不倒. Not only did we lose all our money, but we also lost our way.,1）Not only _ , he is also good at speaking it. John不仅喜欢中文，他的中文还说得很好。 2）Not only the mother but also the children _ sick (be) 3）Not only_，but also he was very happy. 他不仅来了，还很开心。,d
6、oes he love Chinese,are,did he come,【疑难3】 The villagers did not realize how serious the pollution was until all the fish died in the river. Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was. (将until后面的全部内容提前) 【解析】not until提前时，要用倒装，且必须将not until后面的全部内容提前
7、，而不仅仅是not until这两个词。 Not until放在句首,从句不倒装,主句倒装。,1）直到上个星期他们才找到丢了的自行车。 They did not find the lost bike until last week. Not until last week did they find the lost bike. 2）知道我儿子上了大学他才意识到时间的重要性。 My son didnt realize the importance of time until he entered the university. Not until my son had entered the
8、university did he realize the importance of time.,【疑难4】 I had hardly got to the airport when the plane took off. Hardly had I got to the airport when the plane took off. (注意谓语动词时态) 【解析】在“hardly / scarcelywhen / no sooner”位于句首时，要用部分倒装。 no soonerthan, hardly/scarcelywhen表示“一就时, 主句用过去完成时 (倒装),从句用过去时。前倒
9、后不倒.,我刚刚到家就下起了雨。 I had no sooner got home than it began to rain. I had hardly/scarely got home when it began to rain. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. Hardly/scarely had I got home when it began to rain.,【疑难5】 I neither wanted to see the film nor bought the ticket. Neither did I want
10、to see the film nor did I buy the ticket. 【解析】neither nor 句型中两个句子都需要部分倒装。,6. only 修饰的状语放在句首时,主句倒装。 e.g. (1)你只有用这种方法才能学好英语。 Only in this way can you learn English well. (2)只有他有时间的话他才会来。 Only if he has time will he come here. (3)他被请了3次才来开会。 Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting
11、. (4)Only that boy can work out the problem. 只有那个男孩才能解答出这个问题。,【结论】 1.“only 状语(或状语从句)”放在句首时，句子用部分倒装。倒装主句而不倒装从句，即：“主倒从不倒”。 2.only之后强调的不是状语而是主语部分时，不可倒装。 3. only 后被强调的状语一般为副词（如then等）、介词短语（in this way)或状语从句（when从句）。,(1)It is possible to explain it only by this way. Only in this way _ (2) I realized the i
12、mportance of math only then. Only then _ (3)He was able to get happily back to work only when the war was over in 1918. Only when the war was over in 1918 _,is it possible to explain it.,did I realize the importance of math.,was he able to get happily back to work.,7.在 “sothat” 和 “ suchthat”表程度时， 将“
13、soadj. ”和“suchn. ”提到句首时，句子用部分倒装。 前倒后不倒. e.g.(1) So terrible was the storm that the whole roof was blown off. 暴风雨如此厉害，整个屋顶都被吹掉了。 (2)Such a clever boy was Jack that he was able to work out all these difficult problems. 杰克是如此聪明的孩子，他能解答所有这些难题。,8. as/ though (虽然，尽管）引导的让步状语从句，只须把表语, 状语, 或动词原形提到as前。主谓不发生倒装
14、。,Tired as he felt, he kept on working. Child as he was, he could work out the problem. Bad-tempered man as he is, he loves me deeply. Much as he likes English, he is not good at it. Try as we might, we could not bring him around to accept our view. 注意：作表语的单数可数名词提到主语前时不带冠词。as也可以替换成though.,9.虚拟条件句中如果
15、谓语动词含有were,should,had这三个词,可以把were,should,had放在句首,并去掉if。 1）If he had come yesterday, he would have known it. =Had he come yesterday, he would have known it. 2）If I were there, I would help them. =Were I there,I would help them. 3）If I should have 200,000 yuan, I would buy a good car. =Should I have 2
16、00,000 yuan, I would buy a good car.,10.表示时间频率的状语位于句首时，且表示强调时，句子用倒装语序。 常用的频率状语有always,usually,often,now and then,once,many a time, every day等。 Eg. 1）Often did he come to my home in the past. 2）Many a time have I seen her walking alone in the street.,1. Little _(he care)about what others think. 2. No
17、 sooner _(I had set off) than it began to rain. 3. Hardly _(I had reached)the bus stop when the bus started. 4.Suzy cant ride a bike; nor_(Curry). 5. Only_(he can) answer the question.,巩固练习:,had I reached,he can,can Curry,does he care,had I set off,6. Only if you work hard _ (you can make)progress i
18、n your English. 7.Not only_(Sam love Chinese), but also _(he is good at)speaking it. 8.Not until_ (I began) to work _(I realize) how much time I had wasted. 9.No matter how busy _(he is)， he always comes to help us,can you make,I began,he is,he is good at,does Sam love Chinese,did I realize,10. So l
19、oudly _ (he speak)that every people in the next room could hear him.,did he speak,11. (1)He has been to Beijing. So _(I). (2)Jack can not answer the question. Neither / Nor _(Tom),has I,can Tom,【特别提醒】 “so 主语助动词(或be动词)”表示对上文肯定的内容加以肯定或赞同，意为“的确如此”；例如： Its raining hard. 天下着大雨。 So it is. 是的。 “主语did so”表示：“主语”这样做了。 例如： Tom asked me to go to play football with him and I did so. Tom要我去踢足球，我去了。,