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1、连系动词知识精讲 连系动词本身有一定的词义,但不能独立作谓语,必须与表语一起构成谓语。表语通常由名词、形容词,或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语等充当,说明主语是什么或怎么样。多数连系动词一般只有一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态变化形式,没有其他时态变化形式,同时也没有被动语态.例如：l Be careful when you cross this very busy street. If not, you may get run over by a car.l He turned red with anger.l Peters face went pale .l The soldier stand
2、s still every day.二、分类 1. 最常用连系动词：be(时态和人称变化:am, is/was, are/were)“是。2. 表状态变化的系动词：become, come, fall, get, grow, go, make ,run, turn,“变成,成为。注意：在英语中,表变化的这类系动词,它们有各种时态变化。例如：l It is becoming colder and colder.l The food has gone bad.l Things are getting worse.3.表感觉特征的 “感官动词： look(看起来),feel(摸上去), smell(
3、闻起来),taste(尝起来),sound(听起来)等。例如: l The story sounds true. l Those oranges taste good. 其中必须注意到它们本身也用作实义动词,要比拟、关注它们的用法。例如：l He looked sadly at the picture. / She looked sad after hearing the news.l Tom tasted the food and it tasted good.4.表状态保持的系动词：remain(依然),keep(保持),stay(保持),continue(继续、仍旧),stand(处于某
4、状况或情形),rise(升起),lie(躺)等。例如: l Why don't you put the meat in the fridge? It will stay fresh for several days. l It's already ten in the morning. The store remains closed. What's the matter? l Much remains to be done.l The sun rose red. l While taking a photo, please stand still.“像系动词：seem
5、, appear表达“看起来像、似乎、好似 之意。这两个动词有一个共同的特点,即如果要表达时态的变化,需要后接不定时来完成。例如：l He seemed to have caught cold.l When Father came in, Tom seemed to be eating something.可转换为另一句型：l It seemed that he had caught cold. l When Father came in, it seemed that Tom was eating something.6. 终止系动词：prove, turn out。表达“证实、证明、结果为
6、之意。例如：l He proved (to be) right. l The experiment turned out successful.三、考前须知 1一般情况下,连系动词主要跟形容词或分词作表语, 一些连系动词也能跟名词作表语,常见的有:be, become, appear, seem, prove, remain, grow,和turn等,需注意的是become和turn后接表职业的名词时冠词的有无。例如: l Twenty years later, he turned teacher.(试比拟: Twenty years later, he became a teacher.)l
7、 The population growth in China remains a problem.l He is growing an old man.l The experiment proved a success.2.连系动词也可跟不定式(to do / to be),常见的有:appear, seem, remain, prove, look等。例如: l Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains to be seen whether they will enjoy it. l
8、On the long journey, Peter proved to be a most interesting guide. We all had a wonderful time动词可接介词短语作表语,例如:l Its of no importance.l My grandmother isnt with us now.be动词可接表示地方的副词和小品词作表语。例如:l He is here/there/home/in/out/away/off/up/down/back/upstairs/abroad/outside/near.l School is over.4. 一些连系动词能介词
9、(like)短语作表语,常见的有look,taste,smell, sound, feel,等。 例如:l It looks like rain.l It tastes like some kind of oil.l It smells like rotten meat.l His voice sounds like yours.5.一些连系动词能跟as if引导的从句作表语,常见的有be, look, feel, seem, sound等作表语。例如:l It isnt as if he were ill.l It looks as if its going to rain.l It see
10、ms as if she was ill.l It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door.6.一些连系动词能跟that 引导的从句作表语,常见的有be, seem, appear 等。例如:l The reason is that we are behind others in science.l It seems that something is wrong.l It appears to me that he is rich.7局部连系动词的习惯搭配：1go习惯与mad, bad, dry, blind, crazy, deaf, hu
11、ngry连用,一般指事情向消极、不好的方面转化。 例如:Meat soon goes bad in hot weather.(2)come习惯与right , natural, alive, true连用. 例如:l Everything will come right in the end.l At last his dream came true.(3) run习惯与 dry, low, high, short, wild连用. 例如:l All the pools have run dry.l The gas has run short.(4) fall习惯与 ill/ asleep连用
12、. 例如:l The baby fell asleep.l John fell ill.真题演练1The water _cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise.,全国IA. was felt B. is felt C. felt D. feels【解析】C。此题考查动词的时态语态的正确选用。根据时间状语从句提供的语境判断应使用过去时,feel在此是表示感觉的连系动词,无被动语态。2Emergency line operators must always calm and make sure that they get all
13、the information they need to send help. , A. grow B. appearC. becomeD. stay【解析】D。 stay表示状态保持不变。3 My parents have always made me _ about myself, even when I was twelve. A. feeling wellB. feeling goodC. feel wellD. feel good【解析】D。make后跟省略to的不定式,且连系动词后跟形容词作表语。3. He _ pale at the thought. A. got B. looked C. turned D. seemed【解析】C。 根据语境只能使用turned,句意为“一想到这儿,他的脸就发白了。4. The children all looked _ at the broken model plane and felt quite _.A. sad, sad B. sadly, sadly C. sad, sadly D. sadly, sad【解析】D。根据句意,句中的look at是行为动词,所以修饰此动词时应用副词,在连系动词feel后应用形容词作表语。