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5、e(environment)气体gas爆炸极限explosive concentration limit化合物compound废水waste water混合物mixture废液waste liquid粉powder废气off-gas片状粉未flake噪声noise pollution小粒granule成分composition结晶crystal挠度deflection乳化物emulsion力和力矩force and moment氧化物oxidizing agent弯矩bending moment还原剂reducing agent应力 -应变曲线stress-strain diagram有机物o
6、rganic material百分比percentage真空vacuum环境温度ambient temperature母液master liquor工作温度operating富液rich liquor设计温度design temperature(pressure)贫液lean liquor相对湿度RH=relative humidity萃出物extract油渣、淤泥sludge萃余物raffinate杂质impurity絮凝剂flocculants化工设备冷冻盐水brine泵 pump酸度acidity轴流泵axial flow pump浓度concentration真空泵vacuum pum
7、p碱度alkalinity屏蔽泵canned pump溶解度solubility柱塞泵plunger pump凝固点solidificalion point涡轮泵turbine pump沸点boiling point涡流泵vortex pump熔点melting point离心泵centrifugal pump蒸发率evaporation rate喷射泵jet pump粘度viscosity转子泵rotary pump吸水的water absorbent(a)管道泵inline pump无水的anhydrous(a)双作用往复泵double action reciprocating pump外
8、观appearance计量泵metering pump无色的colorless(a)深井泵deep well pump齿轮泵gear pump萃取器extractor手摇泵hand(wobble) pump离心机centrifuger螺杆泵screw (spiral) pump吸附（收）器adsorber潜水泵submersible pump结晶器crystallizer斜转子泵inclined rotor pump电解槽electrolyzer封闭式 电 磁泵hermetically sealed magnetic电除尘器electric precipitatordrive pump洗涤器s
9、crubber气升泵air-lift-pump消石灰器slaker轴承bearing料仓 bin叶轮impeller料斗 hopper虹吸管siphon加料器feeder高压容器high pressure vessel增稠器thickener焚化炉incinerator澄清器clarifier火焰清除器flame arrester分级器classifier工业炉furnace浮洗器flocculator烧嘴burner废液池sump锅炉boiler喷射器ejector回转窑rotary kiln喷头 sprayer加热器heater成套设备package unit电加热器electric he
10、ater仪器设备apparatus冷却器cooler附属设备accessory冷凝器condenser旋转式压缩机rotary compressor换热器heat exchanger往复式压缩机reciprocating compressor反应器reactor水环式压缩机nash compressor蒸馏釜still螺杆式压缩机helical screw compressor搅拌器agitator离心式压缩机centrifugal compressor混合器mixer多级压缩机mutiple stages compressor静态混合器static mixers固定床反应器fixed bed
11、 reactor管道混合器line mixers流化床反应器fluidized bed reactor混合槽mixing tanks管式反应器tubular reactor破碎机crusher列管式换热器tubular heat exchanger磨碎机grinder螺旋板式换热器spiral plate heat exchanger研磨机pulverizer萃取塔extraction column球磨机ballmill板式塔plate column过滤器filter填料塔packed column分离器separator洗涤塔scrubber干燥器drier吸收塔absorber翅片fins
12、冷却塔cooling tower烟囱stack精馏塔fractionating tower火炬flare汽提塔stripper筛子screen再生塔regenerator煅烧窑calciner造粒塔prill tower倾析器decanter塔附件tower accessories蒸发器evaporator液体分配（布）器 liquid distributor再沸器reboiler填料支持板support plate定距管spacer隧道式干燥器tunnel drier降液管downcomer回转干燥器rotary drier升气管chimney穿流循环干燥器through circulati
13、on drier顶(底)层塔盘top (bottom) tray喷雾干燥器spray drier挡板baffle气流干燥器pneumatic conveyor drier抽出口draw nozzle圆盘式加料器 dish feeder溢流堰weir螺旋式加料器screw feeder泡罩bubble cap颚式破碎机jaw crusher筛板sieve plate回转破碎机gyratory crusher浮阀float valve滚洞破碎机roll crusher除沫器demister pad锤式破碎机hammer crusher塔裙座skirt冲击破碎机rotor impact breake
14、r椭圆封头elliptical head气流喷射粉碎机jet pulverizer高位槽head tank棍磨机rod mill中间槽intermediate tank雷蒙机raymond mill加料槽feed tank锤磨机hammer mill补给槽make-up tank辊磨机roller mill计量槽measuring tank振动筛vibrating screen电解槽cell回转筛rotary screen溜槽chute风机fan收集槽collecting tank罗茨鼓风机roots blower液滴分离器knockout drum起重机crane稀释罐thinning ta
15、nk桥式起重机bridge crane缓冲罐surge drum电动葫芦motor hoist回流罐reflux drum发电机generator闪蒸罐flash drum电动机motor浮顶罐floating roof tank汽轮机steam turbine内浮顶罐covered floating roof tank管道工程piping engineering球罐spheroid1 阀门valve气柜gas holder阀杆stem湿式气柜wet gas-holder内螺纹阀杆inside screw干式气柜dry gas-holder阀座valve seat (body seat)螺旋式
16、气柜helical gas-holder阀座环、密封圈sealing ring星型放料器,旋转阀rotary valve阀芯 （包括密封圈 ,杆等 ）trim抽滤器mutche filter阀盘disc压滤器filter press阀体body压滤机pressure filter阀盖bonnet板框压滤器plate-and-fram filter press手轮hand wheel转鼓过滤器rotary drum filter手柄hand level (handle)带式过滤器belt filter压盖gland翻盘式过滤器闸阀gate valve袋滤器bag filter平行双闸板doubl
17、e disc parallel seat旋风分离器cyclone separator楔形单闸板split wedge盘式干燥箱compartment tray drier截止阀globe valve真空干燥器vacuum drier节流阀throttle valve针阀 needle valve浮球式疏水阀float trap角阀 （ 角式截止阀 ）angle valve倒吊桶式疏水阀 inverted bucket trapY 型阀 ( 截止阀 )Y-valve(Y-body globe valve)自由浮球式疏水阀loose float trap球阀ball valve恒温式疏水阀ther
18、mostatic trap三通球阀3-way ball valve压力平衡式恒 温 疏 水 阀 balanced pressure蝶阀butterfly valvethermostatic trap对夹式 （ 薄片型 ）wafer type热动力式疏水阀 thermodynamic trap偏心阀板蝶阀offset disc (eccentric) butterfly脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀 impulse steam trapvalve放汽阀 ( 自动放汽阀 )(automatic) air vent valve斜阀盘蝶阀canted disc butterfly valve换向阀diverting
19、 (reversing) valve连杆式蝶阀link butterfly valve呼吸阀breather valve止回式蝶阀combined non-return butterfly valve减压阀pressure reducing valve柱塞阀piston type valve控制阀control valve旋塞阀plug valve执行机构actuator三通旋塞阀three-way plug valve差压调节阀differential pressure regulating valve四通旋塞阀four-way plug valve切断阀block (shut-off, s
20、top) valve旋塞 cock调节阀regulating valve衬套旋塞sleeve cock快开阀quick opening valve隔膜阀diaphragm valve快闭阀quick closing valve橡胶衬里隔膜阀rubber lined diaphragm valve隔断阀isolating valve直通式隔膜阀straight way diaphragm valve三通阀three way valve夹紧式胶管阀pinch valve夹套阀jacketed valve止回阀check valve非旋转式阀non-rotary valve升降式止回阀lift ch
21、eck valve2 管子 ,管件 ,法兰旋启式止回阀swing check valve管子 pipe（ 按标准制造的配管用管 ）落球式止回阀ball check valvetube（ 不按标准规格制造的其它用管 ）弹簧球式止回阀spring ball check valve钢管 steel pipe底阀foot valve铸铁管cast iron pipe切断式止回阀stop check valve衬里管lined pipe活塞式止回阀piston check valve复合管clad pipe翻板止回阀flap check valve碳钢管carbon steel.pipe蝶式止回阀but
22、terfly check valve合金钢管alloy steel pipe安全泄气阀safetySV不锈钢管stainless steel.pipe安全泄放阀relief valveRV奥氏体不锈钢管austenitic stainless steel pipe安全泄压阀safety relief valve铁合金钢管ferritic alloy steel pipe杠杆重锤式lever and weight type轧制钢管wrought-steel pipe罐底排污阀flush-bottom tank valve锻铁管wrought-iron pipe波纹管密封阀bellow seale
23、d valve无缝钢管seamlessSMLS steel pipe电磁阀solenoid (operated) valve焊接钢管welded steel pipe电动阀electrically(electric-motor)operated valve电阻焊钢管electric-resistance-welded steel pipe气动阀pneumatic operated valve电熔 ( 弧 ) 焊钢板卷管electric-fusion(arc)-welded低温用阀cryogenic service valvesteel-plate pipe蒸汽疏水阀steam trap螺旋焊接
24、钢管spiral welded steel pipe机械式疏水阀mechanical trap镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe浮桶式疏水阀open (top) bucket trap排污阀blowdown valve集液排放阀drip valve短管nipple排液阀drain valve预制弯管fabricated pipe bend放空阀vent valveU 型弯管Ubend卸载阀unloading valve法兰端flanged end排出阀discharge valve万向接头universal joint吸入阀suction valve对焊的butt welded
25、BW取样阀sampling valve螺纹的threadedTHD手动阀hand operated(manually-operated) valve承插焊的socket weldedSW法兰flangeFLG（水）龙头bibb;bib;faucet整体管法兰integral pipe flange抽出液阀 （小阀）bleed valve钢管法兰steel pipe flange旁路阀by-pass valve螺纹法兰threaded flange软管阀hose valve滑套法兰slip-on flange混合阀mixing valve平焊法兰slip-on-welding flange破真空
26、阀vacuum breaker承插焊法兰socket welding flange冲洗阀flush valve松套法兰lap joint flangeLJF根部阀root (primary, header) valve对焊法兰weld neck flangeWNF法兰盖blind flange;blind水煤气钢管water-gas steel pipe异径法兰reducing flange塑料管plastic pipe压力级pressure rating(class)玻璃管glass tube突面raised faceRF橡胶管rubber tube凸面male face壁厚wall thi
27、cknessWT凹面female face壁厚系列号schedule number.全平面 ; 满平面 flat face;full faceFF加厚的 ,加强的extra heavy (strong)双倍加 厚的,双 倍 加 强 的double extra heavy3.管道特殊件piping speciality(strong)粗滤器strainer弯头elbow过滤器filter异径弯头reducing elbow临时过滤器temporary strainer(cone type)长半径弯头long radius elbowY 型过滤器Y-type strainer短半径弯头short
28、radius elbowT 型过滤器T-type strainer长半径 180弯头long radius return永久过滤器permanent filter短半径 180弯头 short radius return洗眼器及淋浴器eye washer and shower三通tee视镜 sight glass异径三通reducing tee阻火器flame arrester等径三通straight tee喷咀 ;喷头spray nozzle带支座三通base tee喷射器ejector45斜三通45lateral取样冷却器sample coolerY 型三通trueY消音器silencer
29、四通cross膨胀节expansion joint异径管reducer波纹膨胀节bellow同心异径管concentric reducer补偿器compensator偏心异径管eccentric reducer软管接头hose connectionHC管接头coupling;full coupling快速接头quick coupling活接头union金属软管metal hose橡胶管rubber hose设备布置equipment arrangement(layout);plot挠性管flexible tubeplan特殊法兰special flange漏斗funnel标高 ,立面eleva
30、tionEL8 字盲板spectacle (figure 8) blind支撑点point of supportPOS爆破板rupture disk工厂北向plant north方位orientation4,其它材料危险区hazardous area classification碳素钢carbon steel .净正吸入压头net positive suction head不锈钢stainless steel.绝对标高absolute elevation铸铁cast iron.坐标coordinate铝 aluminum管道研究piping study铜,紫铜copper管道布置平面 pipi
31、ng arrangement planPAP钛 titanium管道布置piping assembly; layout抗拉强度tensile strength详图detail非金属材料non-metallic materialX视图view X塑料plasticA-A 剖视section A-A陶瓷ceramic轴测图isometric drawing搪瓷porcelain enamel索引图key plan玻璃glass管道 及仪 表 流 程 图piping andinstrument橡胶rubberdiagramP&ID垫片gasketGSKT管口表list of nozzles平垫片fl
32、at gasket地上管道above ground piping填料packing地下管道under ground piping型钢shaped steel管线号line number角钢angle steel总管header; manifold槽钢channel旁路by pass工字钢I-beam常开normally open宽缘工字钢或 H 钢 wide flanged beam常闭normally closed扁钢flat bar取样接口sampling connection圆钢round steel; rod伴热管tracing pipe钢带strap steel蒸汽伴热steam t
33、racing网络钢板checkered plate热水伴热hot-water tracing材料表bill of materialBOM电伴热electrical tracing材料统计material take-offMTO夹套管jacketed line散装材料bulk material全夹套管full jacketed综合管道材料表 consolidated piping material比例scalesummary图figuresheetCPMSS草图sketch汇总表summary sheet图例legend符号symbol5.设备布置及管道设计件号part n中心线center line装置边界boundary limitBL区界area limit