1、Ansoft C Simplorer V7Basic Training 1st Day1st Day Content1.System structure and background2.Circuit Simulation Examples#1,#23.Block Diagram Simulation Example#34.State Machine Simulation Example#4,4a,5,6,75.Overview of Additional LibrariesAutomotive,Mechsim,Power,IST-Library6.Additional Information
2、AC-Analysis-VHDL-AMS-C-Interface-Matlab-Simulink-Interface2Power&DrivesTransportationApplications/MarketsPower Conversion/QualityDrivesPower SuppliesAerospaceRailAutomotive3EM System DesignThermalElectricalMechanical HydraulicMagneticLogicAnalogDigitalComponentSubsystemSystem4ElectricalMechanicalTh
3、ermalMagneticLogicHydraulicComponentCircuitSub-SystemSystemOEMSupplierVHDL-AMSBlock Diagrams/State MachinesFEADisconnected TechnologiesCircuits5Ansofts Integrated Design FlowAnalytical DesignXprtsElectrical MachinesTransformers,SensorsPhysics Based FEA MaxwellStatic,Harmonic,Transient,Motion Circuit
4、sModel GenerationMaxwellSystem DesignSIMPLORERCircuits,Blocks,State Machines,VHDL.AMSModel GenerationModel GenerationModel GenerationParametric SolutionTransient Link6Section 1System structure and backgroundSIMPLORER Multi Domain SimulationElectricCircuitsThermalHydraulicsMagneticControlSoftwareMech
5、anics8Example Drive System.PowerSupplyConverter/InverterElectricalMachineLoadAnalogControlDigitalControlnAutomotive systems,electrical drives and other systems consist of a variety of components and the components have interactions9Domains a Drive SystemPower SourcePower ConverterActuatorMechanical
6、LoadDigital ControlAnalog ControlElectronicsElectromagneticsMechanicsControlnSimplorer can group these components together into different domains and link them10Multi Domain SystemsPower SupplyInverterActuatorMechanic LoadAnalog ControlDigital ControlnAutomotive and railway systems,electric drives,h
7、ome appliances and other systems consist of a variety of components.Each component may influence the behavior of another component.11Conventional Modeling MethodElectronicCircuitsControlsMechanicsMagnetictransformation of all model components intoone description language(e.g.differentialequations,fr
8、equently electric circuits)SML Script Language VHD VHDL-AMS Language12SIMPLORER MethodologyElectrical/Electronics(analog and digital circuits)Digital Control Systems(state machine)Analog Control,Mechanics(block diagram)C14.7mMS3 BACIGBT1IGBT2IGBT3IGBT4IGBT5IGBT6CBXORXOR2_DEL1XORXOR2_DEL2ANDAND2_DEL1
9、ANDAND2_DEL2OROR2_DEL1ASUMCarrySUM2_6CONSTid_refG(s)GS2II_PART_idGAINidLIMITydUL:=9LL:=-9GAINP_PART_idKP:=0.76Each part of a complex technical system is represented by the most appropriate modeling language13Mixed Language SimulationElectronicCircuitsControlSystem/MechanicsDiscontinuousProcessesBloc
10、kDiagramSimulatorNon-SPICECircuitsimulatorState MachineSimulatorSIMPLORERCoupled SimulatorsMulti Language ConceptBased on:Based on:Based on:nEach Physical Domain has its Solver and Modeling LanguagenSeparate simulators,but coupled together14Simulator Coupling TechnologySIMPLORER Simulation Data BusS
11、imulator Coupling TechnologyCircuitSimulatorBlock DiagramSimulatorState MachineSimulatorSimulinkMathCadMaxwell2D/3DElectromagnetismElectro mechanicsC/C+InterfaceModel DatabaseElectrical,Blocks,States,Machines,Automotive,Hydraulic,Mechanics,Power,SemiconductorsVHDL-AMSSimulator15Analysis Types for Si
12、mulationw wTime DomainTime Domain(transient analysis or TR simulation)Example:Determine losses for buck converter power supplyw wFrequency DomainFrequency Domain(harmonic analysis or AC simulation)Example:Design control loop for buck converter w wQuiescent DomainQuiescent Domain(DC operating point a
13、nalysis or DC simulation)Example:Determine initial conditions of transistors and semiconductors for an AC analysis16TR SimulationTransient DomainSelect here17AC Simulation Frequency DomainSelect hereNote:elements not supported in frequency domain simulation18DC SimulationQuiescent DomainSelect hereN
14、ote:elements not supported in DC simulation19C/C+-Software StructureCircuitsStateMachinesBlockDiagramsSIMPLORERBlocksControllerCharacteristicsData ProcessingMechanicsComponentsElectrical MachinesSolver Matrix AccesswIncludes C-interface WizardwUsed to define new components for:1)Users C-models such
15、as control algorithms or behavior component models2)Creating call functions for users external.dll such as a Matlab simulation20Data Exchange ConceptR1.R=10 ANDSUM.VAL=1000SET:AS1:=1SET:RefVal:=100;R1TR1cs:=AS1GainGainNEGNEG1SUMTR1.IRefValDifferent way for data to flow in SimplorerSchematicState Mac
16、hineBlock DiagramResistanceControl signalCurrent21Naming ConventionsCircuit Simulator-Passive ComponentsRead OnlyRead and WriteSymbolComponent NameR_SHUNT.Icurrent of the componentR_SHUNT.dI1st derivative of of the currentR_SHUNT.Vvoltage of the componentR_SHUNT.dV1st derivative of of the voltageC_L
17、INK.Cvalue of the componentC_LINK.VOinitial voltage valueC_LINK.Qcharge of a capacitanceL_LOAD.PSIflux linkage of inductorR_SHUNT.Rresistance22Component Specific Parameter DialogsBlue color for outputRed color for parametersBrown for bi-directionalVoltage Source23Naming Conventions-BlocksInteg.VALVa
18、lue of the Block Output SignalInteg.KIIntegral GainInteg.Y0Initial Output ValueInteg.ULUpper Limit(0=no limit)Integ.LLLower Limit(0=no limit)Integ.TSSampling TimeIIntegBlock Name24Naming Conventions State MachineState Machine Simulator/Expression EvaluatorOFFState nameRefValName of a variable,carrie
19、s a quantity,executed when state is active depending on type of action(STEP,SET,.)Activity situation of a stateDelivers 0,if the state is inactiveDelivers 1,if the state is activeRefVal:=A*sin(2*PI*freq*t)OFF.ST25Reserved Internal VariablesTEND,HMIN,HMAX,THETA,FSTART,FEND F,T,H,PI,TRUE,FALSE,SECM.IT
20、ERAT,FSTEP SimulationEnd TimeMinimum Time StepMaximum Time StepAmbient TemperatureStart FrequencyEnd FrequencyCurrent FrequencyCurrent Time StepMathematicalLogicalCurrent#of IterationsFrequencyStep SizeCurrent Time26User ManagementUser NameLoad the lastopened projectStart new Projector SchematicAll
21、settings for the given user are restored,when SIMPLORER is re-started,if the user does not exist,create a new one27Welcome ScreenCreate/Open a simulation model/project28Project ManagementProject NameProject DescriptionProject locationCLICKA project containsall files belonging to a simulation task,su
22、ch as schematics,results,experiments,etc.When“Project/New is selected:29SSC Commander Project ManagementApplicationLauncherTool BarSimulationQueueList of files associated with theselected application.ssh.sml.vhd.day.smd.sml.idl.ssh30Project CopywMultiple sheets at different locations could be includ
23、ed in one project.wCan copy all files of a project into one directory by:wOpen the project.wClick on project/copy.wBrowse into the new location and assign a project name.wProject will be copied with all of its files into the same directory.31Install/remove LibrariesTo add one or more libraries,selec
24、t them in the upper window.Options-.and add the selection or all of the libraries in the directoryDont forget to save your installation!wLibraries can also be inserted or removed in the schematicwLibraries can be saved in a common location and shared over a network32Install/remove LibrarieswLibrarie
25、s can also be inserted or removed in the schematic.wRight mouse click in the library area.wSelect insert,new,or remove.33Symbols in the Model Agent(library)Results on sheetBasic componentsC-modelsMacrosSubsheets34Simulator Options/CommanderCompiler or simulator will stop,when a warning occursNumber
26、of time steps,before active elements or the ViewTool is updated.Increase to save simulation timeOptions for storage of the simulator state and usage of saved statesSave the states of all components contained in a simulation model.Can continue the simulation later from the last state.Load and use an
27、existing state file automatically at the start of the simulation.Save the values of energy storage contained in a simulation model.These values could also be used as an initial values for a simulation.35Simulator Options/SheetWhen simulation data is not available.When simulation data is available.Fi
28、les below are created if above options selected:.KRN generated at the end of the simulation with automaticallysave state option.AWSinitial value file,contains the values of energy storing components36Numerical Data ConventionsPrefixValueSMLExamplestera1012E12tTER5e12,5t,5tergiga109E9gGIG1.49e9,1.4g,
29、1.4gigmega106E6MEG-0.3E6,-0.3meg,-0.3MEGkilo103E3kKIL1000,1e3,1k,1kilmilli10-3E-3mMIL0.0105,1.05E-2,10.5M,10.5MILmicro10-6E-6uMIC0.000005,5e-6,5u,5micnano10-9E-9nNAN40E-9,40n,40nanpico10-12E-12pPIC100E-12,100P,100PICfemto10-15E-15fFEM9E-15,9F,9FEM37Formulas and ExpressionsFormulas consist of operand
30、s and operators.Operands can be any numerals or names.Operators compare or assign a value.X:=Y+Z;X,Y,and Z are the operands and:=and+are the operators.38Integration ParametersMinimum and maximum step size settingsSolverItermax is the maximum number of iterations for one simulation step.IEMAX/VEMAX i
31、s the maximum current/voltage errorAdvanced step mode39Basic Rules for Choice of Time Step Proper choice of minimum and maximum integration step size is very important for correct simulation results.40Advanced Step Mode1.Check“Advanced Step Mode“2.Number of Equal StepswIf 0:Maximal acceleration of t
32、he simulation.3.Step Acceleration Damping%wIf 0:No damping,maximal acceleration of the simulationFor cases of an instable behavior the parameters under 2.and 3.can be increased.41Section 2 Circuit SimulationSIMPLORER SchematicTool BarsLibrariesDrawing Drawing AreaAreaWarnings,Errors and Messages Are
33、aLibrary Components43Circuit Simulator-AlgorithmswModified Nodal Approach:potential at every node,conduction between nodeswEuler implicit(slower)and trapezoid integration(faster)algorithmswLinear and nonlinear,expression and externally controlled passive components and sourceswLinear and nonlinear i
34、nternally controlled sourceswVariable time step determination with user defined upper(hmax)and lower(hmin)limit44Direction ConventionsNote:The red dot characterizes the pin,where the current is considered being positive entering the component.passive element such as resistancevoltage sourceR.V=V(a)-
35、V(b)ababE1.EMF=V(b)-V(a)E1.V=V(a)-V(b)E1.EMF=V(a)-V(b)Spice conventionRE1(voltage)(voltage)(EMF)(current)(current)45Ground NodeNote:Do not forget the ground node for each separate circuit!1.Right Mouse Click on the sheet2.Connect Toolbar3.Connect MenuThree ways to add a ground node:46Electrical Comp
36、onentsComponent SymbolComponent PropertiesComponent NameComponent Parameters&SettingsElectrical Components have ideal connectivity,line resistances,inductance etc.have to be added separately47Nonlinear ResistanceThe voltage-current relation is defined by a nonlinear characteristicDrag the resistor i
37、nto the sheetSelect Nonlinear I=f(v)And click the Characteristic buttonSelect Reference or Look-up TableDouble click on the resistor to get the property windowEnter the values here48Nonlinear ComponentsThe voltage-current relation is defined by an equationDrag the resistor into the sheetDouble click
38、 on the resistor to get the property windowDefine the variable that specifies the resistor value.value*10valuevalue is defined elsewhere in the sheetChange the name of the resistor49Output and Display DefinitionwRight mouse click on component and select Properties,Output/DisplaywShow and hide parame
39、ters on the component,define outputsNote:Enable Viewtool under Sheet PropertiesTo DAY postprocessorDisplay OptionsTo Viewtool50How to Define an OutputRight mouse clickThe default output quantities already predefined hereOnline analog output,displayed in ViewTool or QuickView automatically File(datab
40、ase)output51Voltage SourcewCan be a constant,equation,or externally controlledwThe value of an equation controlled component is determined from the result of the equation52Controlled Voltage SourcewLinear or nonlinearwControlled by measured quantity:either voltage or current53Switches and Semiconduc
41、torsidealswitchlogicalcontrol0/1staticsemiconductorlogicalcontrol0/1dynamicsemiconductorcontrol circuit(current orvoltage)two states defined by a short circuit or an open circuitphysics based dynamic model providing dynamic effects,losses,switching behaviorthree states defined by high resistance in
42、non conducting area,low resistance in conducting area and commutation characteristicSPICE3F5 compatible modelsSIMPLORER modelsOpen CircuitShort Circuit54Switches and Semiconductors+VIdeal switches and semiconductor-system levelSemiconductor-device levelSpice compatible models55Other Components/Basic
43、 LibraryDC motor3ph motor1ph transformer3ph transformer56Other Components/Basic LibraryMeasurement(Electrical)Measurement(Fluid)Measurement(Magnetic)Measurement(Mechanical)Measurement(Thermal)57Other Components/Basic LibraryMAXIMUMMINIMUMTimePeriodE1E2MEASURECALCe:=m cRISETIMEFALLTIMEPULSEyx xyD dD
44、dTIMESOVERSHOOTINTEGRALMEAN VALUE70,7%RMSSliding MeanSliding RMS70,7%Sliding RMSPOWERFFTSignal Characteristics58Nonlinear Components X-Y-RelationNon-linear componentx-y-RelationX-ValueY-ValueResistancei=f(V)VoltageCurrentCapacitancev=f(q)ChargeVoltageInductanceI=f()FluxCurrentDual CapacitanceC=f(v)V
45、oltageCapacitanceDual InductanceL=f(i)CurrentInductance59Useful Things Right Mouse ClickRight Mouse Click on an element opens the object menu with most common functionsRight Mouse Clickon an area of thetool bar opens the object menu to turn ON or OFF tool barsRight Mouse Click on an empty area of th
46、e sheet opens the sheet object menu with general setting,wiring,etcSheet ToolbarComponentFolderElement60Data ReductionRight mouse click in the sheetIn Result Database tab,Select data reduction Tool to reduce the size of the output file by reducingthe frequency of saving simulation steps Does not imp
47、act previously solved projects61Graphics and Display SettingsRight mouse click in the sheet and select Outputs/Viewtool to limit data displayed in ViewtoolSet Y-Axis Limits For DisplayDisplay Selected Period Only62Page Setup and System SettingsSelect Sheet/Properties/Page SizeSelect Sheet/Properties
48、/SystemFor automatic start of Viewtool,check here.63Integration FormulaIdeal OscillatorEulerTrapezoidalSelect integration method using:Simulation/Parameters The integration formula influences the result:Trapezoidal is fast but may be instable(default)Euler(basic with stiffness method)is fast and sta
49、ble but dampensHmin=10uHmax=100mHmin=10uHmax=10m64Output Display with 2D View65Quick View/Sliding WindowRight mouseclickCheck the Rangebox and set the valueof the sliding windowof the graphic66Quick View/Multiple AxisClick on yellow folder to add a second y-axis67Place Holders(text boxes)Click on Dr
50、aw/Text and place it in the sheet Right mouse clickSelect and insert the item68Advanced Settings for Time Functions69Advanced Settings for Time Functions70DAY Post ProcessingIEEE 488.2 Data Interface(GPIB)Graphical and numerical data analysis and representationPower ModuleChannel CalculatorFFTPresen
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