《新世纪大学英语课件.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《新世纪大学英语课件.ppt（89页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、,Topic-related Predictions,Compound Dictation,Background Information,Warm-up Questions,Directions: Listen to the following passage and fill in the blanks.,Though communicating is probably the most skill for sustaining any loving relationship, we seem to be talking to ourselves most of the time. Eith
2、er we are about what we want to say or we are unable to put it into the right words. And good listeners are as rare as speakers. Sharing, so vital to loving communication, stops when you sense the other person has listening. Any loving relationship will be if each party acts upon these suggestions:
3、Tell me often that you love me, through your actions and words. Dont that I know it. I may look and even deny that I need the attention but dont believe me. Do it anyway. me often for jobs well done, and me when I fail. Dont take what I do for you for granted.,unclear,_,essential,_,sensitive,_,cease
4、d,_,enhanced,_,assume,_,embarrassed,_,Compliment,_,reassure,_,Discussion,Topic-related Predictions,Compound Dictation,Background Information,Warm-up Questions,Knowing that I have the power to comfort you makes me stronger. Remember, though I love you, I cant read your mind. They bring vitality to ou
5、r relationship. The world is full of delights and rich in possibilities. Allow the unplanned and the unpredictable to enliven our routines. Listen to me without judgment. . Its my experience and therefore important and real to me. Let others know you value me. Public affirmation of our love makes me
6、 feel special and proud.,Let me know when you feel low or lonely or misunderstood,_.,Express joyous thoughts and feelings spontaneously,_.,Discussion,Topic-related Predictions,Compound Dictation,Discussion,Background Information,Warm-up Questions,Generation Gap,Topic-related Predictions,Compound Dic
7、tation,Discussion,Background Information,Warm-up Questions,The term “generation gap” first came into prominence in Western countries during the 1960s. It was used to describe the cultural differences between the baby boomers (those who were born just after World War II) and their parents. Several ex
8、amples of generational differences were prominent during the period. Rock music and soul music (灵乐), popular among the young, were mostly detested by their elders. Long hair on young males was frequently seen as a shocking act of rebellion against societal norms by their parents. Some traditional mo
9、res (习俗) were crumbling. And many young people “dropped out” into the hippie (嬉皮士) counterculture. A common catchphrase of the era among young people was “dont trust anyone over 30.”,The influence of the baby boomers was so significant that the entire generation was named “Man of the Year” by Time m
10、agazine in 1966. Since then, the term “generation gap” has been used to describe differences in cultural norms between a younger generation and their elders. It occurs when older and younger people do not understand each other because of their different experiences, opinions, habits and behavior.,To
11、pic-related Predictions,Compound Dictation,Discussion,Background Information,Warm-up Questions,Directions: In groups of three or four, discuss the following topic:,What are the key factors that contribute to effective face-to-face communication?,Topic-related Predictions,Compound Dictation,Discussio
12、n,Warm-up Questions,Background Information,Warm-up Questions,Compound Dictation,Background Information,Discussion,Topic-related Predictions,1. 2.,What kind of persons would you like to make friends with? Suppose you have two classmates. One of them is very talkative but seldom listens, while the oth
13、er seems a good listener who speaks little. Which one do you like better?,3.Do you consider yourself a good listener? Do you hope others to listen to you attentively when you are speaking or explaining something?,Warm-up Questions,Topic-related Predictions,1.The title is a question. How does the tit
14、le strike you? How will the author try to answer the question? Take a guess. 2. If you were given the same title and were asked to write an essay, what ideas would you like to convey and how would you arrange them in a coherent way?,Compound Dictation,Background Information,Discussion,Part Division
15、of the Text,Further Understanding,Text Analysis,Parts,Paragraphs,Main Ideas,1,2,3,1,24,57,The rise of the issue: peoples complaints about others not listening; the possible consequences of the problem.,The analysis of the reasons for the failure in communication: misunderstanding resulting from poor
16、 listening.,How we can be good listeners.,4,8,Conclusion: restatement of the importance of listening.,1. How does the author begin the text?,The three parallel rhetorical questions, all beginning with “How often”, actually imply that failure in listening may lead to great harm.,The author begins the
17、 text by putting forth the common phenomenon that people complain about others not listening to them.,2. What purpose do the three parallel questions serve?,For Part 1 Questions and Answers,Part Division of the Text,Further Understanding,Text Analysis,1. Scan Paragraphs 24 and provide a summary for
18、each paragraph.,Paragraph 2: Differences in opinion or misunderstanding may account for human conflicts. Paragraph 3: Technology and opportunity may not necessarily facilitate human communication, and therefore they are not the key factors for good communication. Paragraph 4: Good listening may cont
19、ribute greatly to successful communication.,For Part 2 Skimming and Scanning,Part Division of the Text,Further Understanding,Text Analysis,2. Explain the authors writing techniques in this part.,To trace the key factor for good communication, the author excludes the other common factors the general
20、public may think of. He traces the root reason step by step, from the obvious to the in-depth, from the general to the specific.,F,1. When it comes to listening, physical distractions tend to be more difficult to overcome than mental distractions.,Mental distractions are much more difficult to overc
21、ome.,( ),T,2. Lack of interest in the topic may lead the listener to skip unconsciously part of what the speaker is saying.,( ),For Part 3 True or False,Part Division of the Text,Further Understanding,Text Analysis,4. In communication, appearance and impression may affect listening.,A listeners thin
22、king is usually faster than a speakers; therefore, we should be patient and attentive when we listen to others talking.,3. A speakers thinking is usually faster than a listeners; therefore, we should speak slowly and clearly when communicating with others.,( ),( ),F,T,The text ends with the sentence
23、: “When we hear people complain that no one listens to them or no one understands them, we should be able to provide an acceptable explanation.” What is the significance of the sentence?,The ending sentence implies that if you consider the authors explanation acceptable, you should pay more attentio
24、n to listening when communicating with others. In that way, there will be more mutual understanding and fewer complaints.,For Part 4 Questions and Answers,Part Division of the Text,Further Understanding,Text Analysis,1. What is the theme of the text?,Flow chart:,Listening plays an important role in
25、improving human relationships.,2. How does the author develop the theme?,Part Division of the Text,Further Understanding,Text Analysis,Most of us would agree that keeping good relationships with other people, even with those closest to us, can be difficult and requires good communication between one
26、 another. Good communication naturally involves both speaking and listening. But while we commonly emphasize the role of speaking in communicating with others, we tend to neglect that of listening. Read the following text and see what it says about the role of listening in improving human relationsh
27、ips.,Detailed Reading,How Well Can We Listen? Kathleen T. McWhorter,Detailed Reading,It is not uncommon to hear people complaining that no one listens to them and no one understands them. Such complaints come not only from kids but also from adults. How often is this a vital cause in the failure of
28、personal relationships? How often does it contribute to broken homes? How often do we hear of a married couple who fail to have communication, or of children who feel deserted? It seems something must have gone wrong.,Experts tend to resort to the term “generation gap” to explain the conflicts betwe
29、en parents and children. Can this term be applied to the cases mentioned above?,Detailed Reading,Though there might be room for hesitation in the adoption of it when “generation” is taken into account, it is far from wrong to borrow the rest in making an analysis. There are bound to be differences,
30、or gaps, in the opinions of two people that give rise to conflicts, and ways to,reduce them are by no means easy to be sought, but it is equally true to say that there is bound to be a solution to every problem. Part of the solution to human conflicts is to avoid misunderstanding.,Detailed Reading,M
31、isunderstanding often arises from a lack of communication. Curiously enough, in a modern society where not a few advanced technological means of communication such as the mobile phone and pager have been developed, people are still confronted with this problem.,Investigations show that technological
32、 inventions do help facilitate humancommunication. They also show that while there are more opportunities for personal contact, especially through verbal communication, many people still find their listeners do not listen to them. Clearly, something is wrong with their listening ability.,Detailed Re
33、ading,People may wonder why their listening ability is undesirable when their hearing ability is physically sound. This is a basic mistake we often make. Very often hearing is confused with listening, as they are so closely related. Believing that hearing is a physiological function, which comes to
34、us naturally, we take it for granted,that listening does not require much effort. Experts in the field of communications are quick to attack this belief. In their view, listening requires hard work and energy. When people are listening, they have quicker heartbeats and faster blood circulation. Good
35、 listening, they think, is not as simple as it might seem.,Detailed Reading,To become a good listener begins with concentration. That looks easy on the surface. In too many cases, we have to listen to other people with physical and mental distractions around us. The ring of the telephone, the slam o
36、f a door or other human voices are some of the common physical distractions. The mental,distractions in ones own mind, on the other hand, are much more difficult to overcome, for many reasons. A speaker may not be able to keep pace with the working of the listeners mind. The average persons rate of
37、thinking is faster than the average rate of speech. With much free time left at their disposal, the listeners are likely to be carried away by their own thoughts and they soon lose their way. That is where the problem lies: listening too quickly.,Detailed Reading,Sometimes, the listener tends to ski
38、p part of what is being said unconsciously. Since each person has his own range of interests, when the speaker talks about something that is of no personal interest or concern to him, he would “switch off the talking.” Though he might nod his head or respond with gestures, his mind is wandering. Thi
39、s automatic control exercises its influence especially when the topic is too boring. Other psychological factors also come into play. A persons feeling towards the speaker can affect,his listening ability. If he has a poor impression of the speaker, because of his appearance or whatever, it is quite
40、 natural that he would not tune in to the words of the speaker.,Detailed Reading,Verbal communication is a good means for people to understand each other. What has to be borne in mind is that, to ensure that good communication takes place, talking and hearing are just not enough. When we hear people
41、 complain that no one listens to them or no one understands them, we should be able to provide an acceptable explanation.,Though there might be room for hesitation in the adoption of it when “generation” is taken into account, it is far from wrong to borrow the rest in making an analysis.,Detailed R
42、eading,1. The pronoun “it” appears twice in the sentence. Do they refer to the same thing?,Uncertainty.,2. What does “room for hesitation” mean?,Not wrong at all.,3. What does “far from wrong” mean?,No. The first “it” refers to the term “generation gap”, while the second “it” refers to “to borrow th
43、e rest in making an analysis”.,Detailed Reading,4. Paraphrase the sentence.,当然，如果细究“代”的本义，那么这算不上特别贴切，但是大可借用该术语的其他涵义来分析问题。,5. Translate the sentence into Chinese.,When we use the term “generation gap” to explain communication problems mentioned above, the word “generation” may not be readily applicab
44、le as there may not be a generation gap between the people involved. But we can still analyze such problems from this perspective.,Curiously enough, in a modern society where not a few advanced technological means of communication such as the mobile phone and pager have been developed, people are st
45、ill confronted with this problem.,Detailed Reading,1. What does “this problem” refer to?,2. What does this sentence imply?,Lack of communication.,This sentence implies that advanced technological means of communication are not an adequate solution to the problem of lack of communication among people
46、. It seems that the technologies invented to facilitate communication do not work and the problem is still there.,People may wonder why their listening ability is undesirable when their hearing ability is physically sound.,1. What does this sentence imply?,This sentence implies that listening abilit
47、y is quite different from hearing ability. Therefore, the fact that there is no problem with ones ears does not mean one is good at listening.,2. Translate the sentence into Chinese.,人们也许会问，为什么听觉没有问题而他们的聆听能力却不如人意呢？,Detailed Reading,Believing that hearing is a physiological function, which comes to u
48、s naturally, we take it for granted that listening does not require much effort.,1. What does this sentence imply?,Hearing is quite different from listening. Contrary to the common belief, listening does require some effort.,2. Translate the sentence into Chinese.,我们会认为听觉能力是一种生理功能，是与生俱来的，所以我们想当然地以为聆听不需要付出特别的努力。,Detailed Reading,A speaker may not be able to keep pace with the working of the listeners mind.,Detailed Reading,1. What does “the working of the listeners mind” mean?,The listeners thinking.,2. What does this se