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1、,高三总复习之 情态动词 modal verbs,惠安惠南中学 杨耿波,1.-Isnt that Anns husband over there? -No,it _be him. Im sure he doesnt wear glasses. (2004高考题） A. cant B. must not C. wont D. may not 2. A left-luggage office is a place where bags_ be left for a short time,especially at a railway station. (2003高考题） A. should B.c
2、an C. must D. will 3. I was really anxious about you. You _home without a word. (2001高考题） A. mustnt leave B. shouldnt have left C. couldnt have left D. neednt leave,Warming-up:,情态动词,表示推测,不表示推测,can could may might shall should must will would ought to,have to dare (darent) need (neednt) used to,I dar
3、ent ask her for a rise. How did you dare to tell her that? I wonder whether he dare stand up in public. I dont know how she dares to wear that dress. Do you need any help? I wonder whether he need send it immediately. I need hardly tell you that the work is dangerous. The garden doesnt need watering
4、 at the moment. You neednt finish that work today.,可兼做行为动词的情态动词：need 、 dare,情态动词 (+动词原形),行为动词,.,need,dare,1.无人称和数的变化;,2.一般用于：,*否定句及疑问句中;,*在if/whether之后;,*或与hardly, never, no one, nobody连用;,3.常以neednt 和darent 的形式出现;,4.dare有其过去时dared.,多用于肯定句; (sb.) need to do dare to do (sth.) need to be done (sth.) n
5、eed doing,判断正误:,How dare you say such a thing? How dare you to say such a thing?,He darent to speak English before such a crowd, did he? He darent speak English before such a crowd, dare he?,Nobody need to be afraid of catching the disease. Nobody need be afraid of catching the disease.,These dishes
6、 need be cleaned carefully. These dishes need to be cleaned carefully. These dishes need cleaning carefully.,(上海高考题)： I wonder how he _that to the teacher.,dare to say B. dare saying C.not dare say D.dared say,neednt 对其它情态动词的回答: -Shall I tell John about it? -No, you _. -Must we do it now? -No, you _
7、.,neednt (dont have to),neednt (dont have to),表示推测情态动词的重要用法.,1. You must be Mr. Smith-I was told to expect you here. 2. He must have known what we wanted. 3. We may have read the same report. 4. He cant have slept through all that noise. 5. Theres someone outside-who can it be? 6. What can they be d
8、oing? 7. These pills might help to cure your disease. 8. You could be right, I suppose.,表示推测情态动词的重要用法.,肯定的推测 可能的推测 否定的推测 疑问的推测,must,对将来 对现在 对过去,情态动词,may, might,cant, couldnt,can, could,+ V. + V. + have done 常见must be + be doing,+ V. + V. + have done + be doing 可以用not表示“可能不”,+V. + V. + have done + be
9、 doing,+ V. + V. + have done + be doing,1. I dont know where she is, she _ be in Wuhan. 2. At this moment, our teacher _ our exam papers. 这时，我们老师想必在批改试卷。 3. The road is wet. It _ last night. (rain) 4. Your mother _ for you. 你母亲一定一直在找你。,may,must be correcting,must have rained,must have been looking,5
10、. Philip _ seriously in the car accident. 菲利普可能在车祸中受了重伤. 6. -Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here. -She _ (go) by bus. 7. Mike _ his car, for he came to work by bus this morning. 迈克一定还没有找回他的车，因为早上他是坐 公共汽车来上班的。,may (might) have been hurt,may (might) have gone,cant have found,高考考题: -I
11、s John coming by train? -He should, but he _not. He likes driving his car. A. may B. can C. need D. must 2. Where is my pen? I _it. A. might lose B. would have lost C. should have lost D. must have lost 3. I didnt hear the phone. I _asleep A. must be B. must have been C. should be D. should have bee
12、n,A,D,B,4. -There were already five people in the car, but they managed to take me as well. -It _a comfortable journey A. cant be B. shouldnt be C. mustnt have been D. couldnt have been 5. My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared. Who _ have taken it? A. must B. will C. should D. could,D,D,不同的“
13、肯定”程度可按下列层次排列： He is at home. (事实) He must be at home.（非常肯定的推断） He could be at home.（很可能） He ought to be at home.（很可能） He may be at home.（仅仅可能而已） He might be at home.（或许, 非常不确定） He might not be at home.（也许不在家） He may not be at home. （比might可能） He couldnt be at home.（很可能不在家） He cant be at home.（一定不在家
14、） He isnt at home.（事实）,在不表示推测的情态动词中, 我们要注意以下考点:,1.情态动词与完成时的使用。 2.表示能力、许可的情态动词的用法。 3 表示否定的情态动词的用法。 4. shall 和 will 的多种意义的区别。 5. used to 的用法。,1.情态动词与完成时的使用。,should(ought to)+have+过去分词：肯定句表示过去本应发生的事却没有发生；否定句表示已发生了本不该发生的事。前者可译为“本应”,后者为“本不该” . You _to her for not soon replying to the letter. 你本应向她道歉，说明为什
15、么没能及时回信。(可你没这么做),You _him so much money only because he asked for.,A.ought not to give B.ought to not give C.ought not to have given D.ought to not have given,C,should have apologized,“could (not)+have+过去分词”除了表示对过去 某个动作的否定和疑问推测外,还表示对过去的虚拟(与might相似)，肯定句表示本来可以做但却未做;否定句表示某事过去本来不应该做但做了。,My mother came h
16、ere by bus, but she could have taken a taxi.,-I stay at a hotel while in New York. -Oh,did you? You _with John.,A.could have stayed B.could stay C.would stay D.must have stayed,A,neednt+have+过去分词：表示对过去不必做的事情却做了，可译为“其实不必”,Look,you neednt have bought those sweaters for me, I have just knitted(织) one.,
17、I _ to him because he phoned me shortly afterwards. need have written B.neednt have written C. must have written D.should have written,B,表示能力: can, could, be able to *be able to 能用于各种时态。 can / could 只能表示现在或过去的能力。 *was / were able to : “设法做成某事” 相当于 managed to do sth. succeeded in doing sth.,2. 表示能力、许
18、可的情态动词的用法。,1. A computer _ think for itself; it must be told what to do. A. cant B. couldnt C. may not D. might not,2. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out. A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to,A,D,3. They will _ run this machine on their own in three months. c
19、an B. could C. may D. be able to 4. That big cinema _ seat 2,000 people. A. can B. should C. ought to D. is able to,D,A,表示许可: may / might, can / could * might, could 比较委婉, 一般多用于疑问句. * can, may 表达的语言比较随便. * 在以could, might 表示征询对方意见 或表示请求时，回答应相应使用can, may.,5. Could I borrow your dictionary? Yes, of cou
20、rse you _. A. might B. will C. can D. should 6. Might I watch TV after supper? Yes, you _. A. may B. must C. might D. can,C,A,3. 表示否定的情态动词的用法: 部分情态动词的否定式是情态动词中的考点 之一。,mustnt 不准, 禁止 neednt 没必要 ( = dont have to ) cant 不能; 不可能 may not 不可以; 可能不 shouldnt 不应该 ( = ought not to ),7. You _ return the book no
21、w. You can keep it till next week if you like. A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. may not 8. Johnny, you _ play with the knife, you _ hurt yourself. A. wont ; cant B. mustnt ; may C. shouldnt ; must D. cant ; shouldnt,C,B,9. -Will you stay for lunch? -Sorry, _. My brother is coming to see me. A. I mustn
22、t B. I cant C. I neednt D. I wont 10. -May I pick a flower in the garden? - _. A. No, you neednt B. Not, please. C. No, you mustnt D. No, you wont,B,C,情态动词：shall, will 的多种意义:,shall / will+ 动词原形:,* shall 用于第二、三人称时可表示说话人的承诺、命令、 指示或征询意见.,* will 可表示意愿、常出现的动作、在疑问句 中表示请求和建议.,* 均可表示将来。 过去时为 should, would.,
23、4.,11. He _ be punished if he disobeys. 如果他不服从, 就要受到惩罚. 12. We are not going to quarrel at all if you _ only let me speak. 只要你让我说话, 我们根本就不会吵架. 13. -Sir, _ he go or stay? -Let him go. A. will B. shall C. might D. could,shall,will,B,14. The door _ open. 这门经常打不开. 15. Ronald _ stay in his small garden f
24、or a long time every day in the past. A. could B. might C. should D. would 16. You _ have the book after I read it. 我看完以后一定把这本书给你.,wont,D,shall,5. used to 的用法:,used to 表示过去的习惯动作或状态，现在已不存在.在否定陈述句中，一般用didnt use to,也可用used not to；在疑问句中一般用“Diduse to”。,He used to smoke. (He doesnt smoke now.) He didnt us
25、e to smoke. He used not to smoke. Did he use to smoke?,否定句,在带有used to 的陈述句后面, 附加疑问句可以用did/didnt 也可以用used/usednt.,-疑问句,He used to smoke, _? _?,didnt he,usednt he,注意used to与be used to的不同，后者表示be accustomed to “习惯于某种状态”，而且跟接名词或v-ing形式，而used to后接动词原形，试比较: He used to drink. 表示“他过去经常喝酒”而现在不喝了。 He is used t
26、o wine (He is used to drinking wine) at each meal. 表示“他现在已养成习惯，每顿饭喝点葡萄酒。”,情态动词考题:,1. Put on more clothes. You be feeling cold with only a shirt on. A. can B. could C. must D. would 2. “Must I drive to his house and pick up the children?“ “No, .“ A. you shouldnt B. you might not C. you neednt D. you
27、mustnt,C,C,3. We didnt see Tom at the meeting yesterday. He it. A. mustnt have attended B. cannot have attended C. neednt have attended D. would have not attended 4. We play chess than bridge. Some of us dont know how to play bridge. A. had better B. would better C. would rather D. had rather,B,A,5.
28、 There is someone knocking at the door. it be Tom? A. can B. must C. should D. ought to 6. Two year ago, my husband bought me a bicycle. If you live in town, it is often faster than a car and you worry about parking. A. must not B. may not C. should not D. dont have to,A,D,情态动词,表示推测,不表示推测,can could
29、may might shall should must will would ought to,have to dare (darent) need (neednt) used to,表示推测情态动词的重要用法.,肯定的推测 可能的推测 否定的推测 疑问的推测,must,对将来 对现在 对过去,情态动词,may, might,cant, couldnt,can, could,+ V. + V. + have done 常见must be + be doing,+ V. + V. + have done + be doing 可以用not表示“可能不”,+V. + V. + have done + be doing,+ V. + V. + have done + be doing,在不表示推测的情态动词中, 我们要注意以下考点:,1.情态动词与完成时的使用。 2.表示能力、许可的情态动词的用法。 3 表示否定的情态动词的用法。 4. shall 和 will 的多种意义的区别。 5. used to 的用法。,Thank you!,