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1、,人教课标版 高一 必修 3 Unit 1,Comprehending,1). What are festivals of the dead usually for? Festivals of the dead are for honouring or satisfying dead ancestors or others, who some people believe might return to help or harm living people.,II. Use the information from the reading passage to answer the follo
2、wing question.,2). What makes autumn festivals happy events? Autumn festivals are happy events because people are thankful that food is ready for winter and the hard farm work is finished. 3). What do people usually do at spring festivals? At spring festivals, people usually have dances, carnivals a
3、nd other activities to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring.,4).What is one important reason to have festivals and celebrations? Festivals let us enjoy life, be proud of our customs and forget our daily life for a little while.,5). Compare the festivals of the dead in Mexico, Japan a
4、nd China. What things are similar? What things are different? The Chinese, Japanese and Mexican festivals of the dead all have customs to honour the dead. The Chinese and Japanese go to clean their ancestors graves, and the Mexicans offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead.,However, there are some
5、difference. The Mexicans eat special food that looks like bones, something the Chinese and Japanese do not do.,Intensive reading,True or False 1. The ancient people neednt worry about their food. 2. Halloween used to be a festival intended to honor the dead.,F,T,3. Qu Yuan was a great poet who peopl
6、e honor a lot in China. 4. Mid-autumn Festival is held to celebrate the end of autumn. 5. Easter celebrates the birth of Jesus.,T,F,F,Explanation,1. Festival are meant to celebrate important events. 节日就是庆祝重要事件的活动。,mean 的用法,1). mean doing sth. mean doing sth. 的意思是“意味着（必须要做某事或导致种结果）”, 其主语通常是指事物的词。,2).
7、 mean to do sth. mean to do sth. 的意思是“打算或企图做某事”，其主语通常是表示人的名词或代词，其过去完成式表示“本来打算做某事”。 3). mean sb. to do sth. mean sb. to do sth. 的意思是“打算让某人做某事”，也可以用于被动结构。,4). mean 后接名词、副词或从句 mean 后接名词或副词，意为“表示；打算；存心”等意思；后接that 从句，意为“表示”。 5). be meant for 该短语的意思是“打算给予；打算作用”。,In some parts of London, missing a bus mean
8、s _ for another hour. A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. to be waiting,句意为：在伦敦的一些地方，错过一班公共汽车意味着再等一个小时。,A,想一想,2. Discuss when they take place, what they celebrate and what people do at that time. 讨论它们（中国节日）什么时间进行，庆祝的是什么事件，和人们在那天所做的事。,take place 发生；举行, The performance didnt take place after all. 演出终于没有进
9、行。 Was there anybody passing by when the accident took place? 事故发生时，有人路过那里吗？,与place相关短语：,Great changes _ in the rural areas in the last two decades. A. have taken place B. took place C. have been taken place D. are happening,A,take place 不能用于被动语态中，句中短语 in the last two decades 可确定句子的时态为现在完成时。,大家注意了！,
10、3. Festivals and celebrations of all kinds have been held everywhere.,of all kinds 各种各样的,【归纳】, That kind of question is very difficult to answer. = Questions of that kind are difficult to answer. 那类问题是很难解答的。, We sell all kinds of shoes. = We sell shoes of all kinds. 我们卖各式各样的鞋。 You can see different
11、kinds of animals in the zoo. = You can see animals of different kinds in the zoo. 你在动物园可以看见不同种类的动物。,Practice, Books of this kind _ (sell) well in the bookstore. This kind of books _ (sell) well in the bookstore. 句中谓语动词的单复数由“books”确定。句中的谓语动词由“kind”确定。,（用动词的适当形式填空）,sell,sells,4 . At that time people w
12、ould starve if food was difficult to find，especially during the clod winter months . 在那个时代，如果食物难以找到，特别是在寒冷的冬月，人们就会挨饿。,starve (v.) 1) to cause a person or an animal to suffer severely or die from hunger 挨饿；饿死 Millions of people starved to death during the war. 战争中数百万人挨饿至死。,starve for sth; starve sb o
13、f sth: ( cause sb to) suffer or long for sth greatly needed or wanted (使某人）得不到某事物而受苦或渴望获得某事物；缺乏 The homeless children were starved for love . 这些无家可归的孩子渴望得到爱。,3）to feel very hungry 感觉很饿。仅用于进行时态 When will dinner be ready ? Im starving. 晚饭什么时候做好？我快饿死了。,starvation (n.) : (U) suffering or death caused by
14、 lack of food 挨饿；饿死 die of starvation 饿死 starvation wages 不够维持基本生活的工资,5. .or satisfy and please the ancestors, who could return either to help or to do harm. 取悦祖先, 使他们得到满足,以为(祖先们)有可能回来帮助他们,也有可能带来危害。,1) satisfy vt. 满足,使满意; satisfy sb. satisfied a. 感到满意的; be satisfied with satisfying a. 令人愉快的 satisfac
15、tion n. 满意; to ones satisfaction satisfactorily ad. 满意地 satisfactory a. 令人满意的,She bought a satisfactory computerits cheap and of high quality. 她买的电脑很令人满意, 既便宜, 质量又好。 辨析 satisfactory, satisfied, satisfying satisfactory, 指客观的事物或主观的表现达到要求而令人满意, 主语一般用 客体。,satisfied指主体对事物或表现感到满意, 主语是主体(人) 如:She is satisf
16、ied with the service. 她对该项服务感到满意。 satisfying: giving pleasure令人愉快, 主语是不定式, 常用于句型: Its satisfying to do sth. 做.使人满意,如:Its satisfying to learn the success of his son in job-hunting.得知儿子找到工作,令他非常高兴。 2) harm用于肉体或精神上的伤害均可,有时可指引起不安或不便,还可用于抽象事物,尤其是指不道德的事情。,如:Dont harm your eyes by reading in dim light. 不要在
17、昏暗的灯光下看书, 以免损害眼睛。,hurt, injure, harm, damage, wound的 区别与用法 hurt 普通用语，既可指肉体上的伤害, 也可精神上, 感情上的伤害。 如:The girl hurt herself badly in the accident. 那位女孩在那次事故中伤得很重。,injure比hurt正式, hurt多指伤痛, 而 injure则指损害健康, 成就, 容貌等, 强调功能的损失。 如:He injured his hand while playing basketball. 他在打篮球时手受了伤。,damage主要指对于物的损害,强调对于价值、
18、用途、外观等所造成的损失, 这种损失或因自然灾害所致, 或因人为造成。如： Several cars were damaged in the accident. 好几辆汽车在事故中损坏了。,wound 指枪伤, 刀伤, 刺伤等皮肉之伤, 是出血的, 严重的伤, 特指战场上受伤, 它可以指肉体上的伤害, 也可指人们精神上的创伤。如: The bullet wounded his left leg. 子弹打伤了他的左腿。,do harm to sb (习俗) = harm sb 伤害某人 come to harm: 身体上精神上或道义上受到损害，通常用于否定式 Ill go with her to
19、 make sure she comes to no harm. 我要和她一同去以免她受到伤害。,do more harm than good: 弊大于利 If we solve the problem in this way, it may do more harm than good. 如果我们以这种方式处理问题，那可能是弊大于利。,6. For the Japanese festival Obon, people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors. 考点1 情态动词should
20、在句中表示“应该”。,考例1 Hows your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful? It _ be, but it is now heavily polluted. (2007全国卷I) A. will B. would C. should D. must 点拨 should在句中表示一种有较大可能实现的猜测, 推论, 意为“应该”。,考例2 My cats really fat. You _ have given her so much food. (浙江 2007) A. wouldnt B. couldnt C. shouldnt
21、D. mustnt 点拨 shouldnt have given表示本不该给而实际上却给了。,考例3 I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I _ have driven her there. (陕西 2007) A. could B. must C. might D. should 点拨 根据语境知道应该用should have driven, 表示本来应该开车把她送过去而实际上却没有送。,考例4 I think Ill give Bob a ring. You _. You havent been in touch
22、with him for ages. (江苏 2006) A. will B. may C. have to D. should 点拨 句意: 你都好长时间没同他联系了, 应该给他打个电话, 表示劝告或建议。,考点2 in memory of/ to the memory of sb. 纪念某人 The statue was built in memory of the famous scientist. 这个雕像是为了纪念那位有名的科学家而建立的。,7. Halloween also had its origin in old beliefs about the return of the
23、spirits of dead people. 万圣节也源自人们古老的信念，认为亡者的灵魂会返回人间。,origin (n.) : the place or situation in which something begins to exist 起源；由来，可用做可数名词或不可数名词，通常用作复数形式 The tradition has its origins in the Middle Ages . 这个传统发源于中世纪。,He told me it was a word of unknown origin. 他告诉我这是个词源不详的词。 belief (n.): an idea that
24、 you believe to be true, especially one that forms part of a system of ideas 信任；信心；信仰。 注意： belief 通常用作不可数名词，当作可数名词时，词义略不同于用作不可数名词时,religious beliefs 宗教信仰 Several members hold very strong political beliefs. 有些成员有着强烈的政治理念。 8. It is now a childrens festival, when they can dress up and go to their neigh
25、bours homes to ask for sweets. 万圣节如今成了孩子们的节目，这天他们可以乔装打扮上邻居家要糖吃。,dress up dress作及物动词时, 不接clothes之类的表示衣服的名词, 而是接表示人的句词或代词, 意思是“给穿衣服”。当表示自己穿衣服时, 则用反身代词, 如：,Wake up children and dress them. 唤醒孩子,给他们穿上衣服。 dress的过去分词常用来构成get dressed与be dressed短语, 前者表示 动态, 后者表示静态, 穿何种衣服, 则用介词in. 如：,Harry up and get dressed
26、. 快点穿上衣服。 The girl was dressed in red. 这个女孩穿着一身红衣服。 dress up是“穿上最好的衣服”, 常指 “打扮,化装”，如: You should dress up when you take part in the party.,She is _ in red today and looks very beautiful. A. wearing B. having on C. dressing D. dressed,D. dressed,9. India has a national festival on October 2 to honour
27、 Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain Indias independence from Britain. 点拨 此句中Mohandas Gandhi和the leader是同位语，the leader指的就是Mohandas Gandhi这个人。,又如: Yesterday I met Tom, a friend of my brothers who is the top student in their class. 昨天我遇到了我弟弟的朋友汤姆,他是他们班最好的学生。 Mr. Smith, our new teacher, is very
28、 kind to us. 我们的新老师史密斯先生对我们很好。,10. Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events. 考点 can在句中表示一种可能性。can 的主要用法有: 1) 表示能力。2) 表示可能性。多用于否定与疑问句中, 但也可用在肯定句中。can 用在肯定句中有时表示一时的情况 (“有时候会”)。3) 表示请求和许可。,考例1 The biggest problem for most plants, which _ just get up and run away when threatened, is t
29、hat animals like to eat them. (湖南 2007) A. shant B. cant C. neednt D. mustnt 点拨 用cant表示没有某种能力, 意为“不能”。,考例2 Theres no light on they _ be at home. (2006全国卷I) A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. shouldnt 点拨 can用于对现在的推测, 常用于否定句或疑问句中。cant 表示“不可能” 。,考例3 Some aspects of a pilots job _ be boring, and pilots ofte
30、n _ work at inconvenient hours. (湖南 2006) A. can; have to B. may; can C. have to; may D. ought to; must 点拨 第一空表示“可能性”, 可以是can或may; 第二空表示“客观上不得不”, 所以只能是have to。,考例4 Do you know where David is? I couldnt find him anywhere. Well. He _ have gone far his coats still here. (湖北 2005) A. shouldnt B. mustnt
31、C. cant D. wouldnt 点拨 cant have done 表示对过去情况的推测, 意为“不可能已经”。,11. awards award. n. 奖, 奖品 v. 判给, 授予award sb. sth. 奖赏某人某物,辨析: award 和reward： award后接双宾语 award sb. a metal 授予某人奖章 reward 奖赏, 给报酬, 不能接双宾语; reward sb. for sth. 因 奖赏某人； reward sb. with sth. 用某物酬劳某人,用力想啊！,She rewarded herself with a cup of coffe
32、e after a whole mornings hard work. 一上午的刻苦学习后, 她冲一杯咖啡来奖赏自己。,12. admire admire v. 意为“赞赏;钦佩;羡慕;赞美;夸奖”,注意: 表示“在某方面钦佩某人”用“admire sb. for sth.” We all admire him for his courage and bravery. 我们都钦佩他的勇气和胆识。,13. look forward to look forward to (doing) sth. 意为期待着(做)某事, 其中的to是介词, 而不是动词不定式符号。,Boys and girls ar
33、e looking forward to Spring Festival. 孩子们渴盼着过年。 Hes looking forward to hearing from his pen pal. 他期待着笔友来信。,14. as though,as though和as if没有什么区别。as if用得普遍些, 却可引导方式状语从句和表语从句, 其从句谓语常用虚拟语气。,(1) 引导方式状语从句 She acted as though nothing had happened 她装得好像什么事也没发生过似的。 当从句主语和主句主语一致,从句谓语中又含有动词to be时, 可以把主语和to be一起
34、省去。,He looked about as though (he was) in search of something 他四处张望, 好像寻找什么。 (2) 引导表语从句 It looks as if its going to rain 看样子天要下雨了。,as though和as if从句用虚拟语气,还是用陈述语气。完全根据具体情况而定。如果从句表示的意思与事实完全相反,或者纯粹是一种假设, 通常用虚拟语气。 The child talks as if she were an adult. 那孩子说话的样子好像她是个大人。,15. have fun with have fun意为“过得快
35、乐”同义词组为have a good time, enjoy oneself. 短语有have fun ( in ) doing sth.,1. Mohandas Gandhi was a political and a r_ leader in Indian history. 2. After the accident, he has lost his b_ in God. 3. Dont play t_ on me I want to know the truth.,religious,belief,tricks,根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示, 写出该单词的正确形式。,练习
36、坊,4. He has g_ rich working experience in these years.,gained,5. A crowd _ (聚集) to see what had happened. 6. He has been _ (奖励) a medal for his great bravery. 7. This _ (衣服) sells well to the teenage market.,gathered,awarded,clothing,8. The king promised to hold a great _ (盛宴) for all his people. 9.
37、 We apologize for the late _ (到达) of the train.,feast,arrival,用适当的介词填空。,1. Without food, the dog was starved _ death. 2. The scientists published a new theory to explain the origins _ the universe. 3. My mother says shes looking forward _ meeting you.,to,of,to,4. We covered the sofa _ a large blanke
38、t. 5. A good marriage is based _ trust. 6. India gained independence _ Britain in 1947. 7. We named the lake Rebecca _ memory of her. 8. The film ends _ the death of the heroine.,with,on,from,in,with,根据汉语提示, 将下列句子补充完整。,_ (该词的来源) remains unknown. 2. He knew I _ (精力充沛) and would get things done. 3. _
39、(看起来好像) everyone else has gone home. 4. _ (很明显) Tom stole the book.,The origin of the word,was energetic,It looks as though,It is obvious that,选用合适的短语，用其适当形式填空。 look forward to; be proud of; in memory of; dress up; day and night; play a trick on; decorate with; have fun with; as though; do harm to H
40、er sister helped her to _ for the party. 2. They set up a monument _ those who died in the big earthquake.,dress up,in memory of,look forward to; be proud of; in memory of; dress up; day and night; play a trick on; decorate with; have fun with; as though; do harm to 3. We _ them and they fell right
41、into it yesterday. 4. My coming summer holiday starts on the same day as my cousins, and I am much _ it. 5. Go with your friends and _ them.,played a trick on,looking forward to,have fun with,look forward to; be proud of; in memory of; dress up; day and night; play a trick on; decorate with; have fu
42、n with; as though; do harm to 6. You have to convince them that you will put 200 percent into it and will work _ to make it a reality. 7. She stared at me _ I were a complete stranger.,day and night,as though,look forward to; be proud of; in memory of; dress up; day and night; play a trick on; decor
43、ate with; have fun with; as though; do harm to 8. This kind of drugs will _ our health unless we follow the instructions. 9. My students have worked hard, and I _ them. 10. Mrs Lament showed me an old-fashioned dress _ ribbons and lace.,do harm to,am proud of,decorated with,翻译下列句子。 1. 离开家去上大学使我变得独立多了。 (go away from; independent) 2. 两姐妹没有什么共同之处。 (in common),Going away from home to college has made me much more independent.,The two sisters have nothing in common.,