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1、Unit 3 Under the sea重 点单 词1. annual adj. 每年的；按年度计算的annual n. 年刊；年鉴annually adv. 每年地2. accommodation n. 住所；住宿accommodate v. 为提供住宿3. dive vi. & n. 跳水(的动作)；潜水(的动作)；俯冲diver n. 潜水员diving n. 跳水；跳水运动4. depth n. 深(度)；深处deep adj. 深的deeply adv. 强烈的；深刻地deepen v. (使)变深；加深5. urge vt. 催促；极力主张；驱策urgent adj. 急迫的；催促
2、的；强求的urgency n. 紧急(的事)6. abandon vt. 放弃；遗弃；抛弃abandoned adj. 被抛弃的；被遗弃的abandonment n. 遗弃；抛弃7. relationship n. 关系；血缘关系；交往relation n. 关系，联系，交往；亲戚(关系)；亲属(关系)relate vt. & vi. (把)联系起来；讲述；叙述8. conservation n. 保存；保护conserve vt. 保护；保藏重 要短 语1. 在因特网上 on the Internet2. 听说 hear of3. 整理 sort out4. 大声喊 yell out5. 同
3、时，在此期间 in the meantime6. 举起 hold.up7. throw itself out of water 跃出水面8. head out into the bay 向海湾深处进发9. draw close 靠近10. be terrified of 害怕11. approach sb. 靠近某人12. aim it at the whale 把它瞄准一头鲸关键句 型1. It was a time when the killer whales, or killers as they were then called, helped the whalers catch th
4、e baleen whales that were on their annual migration.那个时期，虎鲸(当时被称为杀手)帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。2. This was the call that announced there was about to be a whale hunt.这是宣告猎鲸行动马上就要开始的呼声。3. As we drew closer, I could see a whale being attacked by a pack of about six other killers.靠近一看，原来是一头大鲸受到大约六条虎鲸的攻击。1. happ
5、en vi.碰巧；巧遇；(偶然)发生(发生在某人身上时，常用介词to)An accident happened to him.他出事了。It happened that I had no money with me at that time. I happened to have no money with me at that time.碰巧当时我没带钱。【归纳拓展】sth. happens to sb.某人出了某事sb. happens to do某人碰巧做某事It happened/happens that碰巧做某事as it happens/happened恰巧；碰巧happen on
6、 sth.偶然发现某物【易混辨析】happen指那些偶然的或未能预见的事情。多用于偶然或突发性事件。take place指某事按计划进行或发生。此外还有举行之意。occur偶然发生，其意义相当于happen；还可指想起，想到。break out常指战争、灾难、疾病或争吵等突然爆发。come about多指事情已经发生，但还不知道为什么，常用于疑问句和否定句中，尤其指争论、差别等。The evening party will take place next Sunday.晚会将在下周日举行。Doctors were sent to the earthquake hit area to offer
7、 medical help in case any disease broke out.医生被派往地震灾区提供医疗帮助以防发生疾病。Ill never understand how it came about that you were late three times a week.我永远不会明白你怎么会一周迟到三次。Did it occur to you that he had a gift for music?你可曾想到他有音乐天赋？【跟踪典例】用恰当词语填空The accident occured _ the woman who happened _ be a foreigner, s
8、o it is hard to deal with.Its already 10 oclock. I wonder how it came _ that she was two hours late on such a short trip.【答案】to; to【解析】句意为出事故的碰巧是一位外国女士，因此很难处理此事。根据句子结构，主句谓语可用occur to sb.happen to sb.发生在某人身上。about【解析】句意为都10点了，我很奇怪这么短的路程她怎么会迟到两个小时，how it came_应该是怎么会发生的意思，所以应填about。2. witness n. 目击者；证人
9、；证据vt.当场见到；目击；见证(a) witness to. 的证人/证据give/bear witness to 为作证；作的证人witness to sth./doing sth. 证实；证明The early 21st century witnessed increasing unemployment in the world. 21世纪初期见证了世界性增长的失业率。He witnessed to having seen the man enter the room.他作证说他看到那个人进入了房间。【巧学妙记】【跟踪典例】完成句子Police are appealing to any
10、driver who may have _ the accident.警方正在呼吁可能曾目睹这起事故的司机。She brought several persons of good credit to _ _ her reputation.她带来几位很有声誉的人物为她的名誉作证。His ragged clothes were _ _ _ his poverty.他破烂的衣服证明他的贫穷。【答案】witnessedwitness toa witness to3. accommodation n. 住所；住宿；办公处The hotel provides accommodation for up to
11、 100 people.这家旅馆最多可为100人提供住宿。The building plans include much needed new office accommodation. 建筑规划包括紧缺的新办公用房。【归纳拓展】 make accommodations for 为提供膳宿 book accommodation at a hotel向旅馆预订房间 arrange sb.s accommodation给某人安排住处accommodate vt.为(某人)提供住宿，容纳 accommodate to=adaptto使适应 accommodate oneself to = adapt
12、 (oneself) to使某人适应 accommodate sb sth = supply sb with sth向某人提供某物温馨提示：在英式英语中，accommodation为不可数名词；而在美式英语中，accommodation为可数名词，常用复数形式。【跟踪典例】用恰当词语填空The local government provided _ for the homeless soon after the flood.The new apartment built a few months ago is large enough to _ over two hundred people.
13、【答案】accommodations句意：洪水过后，当地政府向无家可归者提供了食宿。accommodate句意：几个月前建造的那个新公寓足够大，能为两百多人提供膳宿。accommodate提供膳宿。4. shore n. 岸；海滨I long for a house on the shore of the sea.我一直向往能在海边有一所房子。【归纳拓展】go on shore上岸in shore近岸；靠岸offshore adj.& adv.近海(的)；离岸(的)The ship left an offshore island and some fishermen went on shore
14、. 轮船离开了近海的一座岛屿然后几个渔民上了岸。【跟踪典例】I packed my luggage and _ _ _(上岸) without looking back at the sea.【答案】went on shore5. opposite prep.在的对面；与相反adj.相对的；相反的n. 对立的人/物；对立面；反面The bank is opposite the supermarket.银行在超市的对面。I watched them leave and then drove off in the opposite direction. 我目送他们离去，然后开车向相反的方向驶去。【
15、归纳拓展】be opposite to与相反；在对面oppose vt.反对；对抗opposition n. 反对；对抗；敌手opposed adj.反对的；对抗的【跟踪典例】补全句子街的对面有个花园。There was a garden _ _ _ _ _ the street.唯心论和唯物论是对立的。Idealism is _ _ materialism.【答案】on the opposite side ofopposite from6. yell vi.大叫；呼喊n. 叫声；喊声yell at冲大喊yell out大声喊叫let out(give)a yell大喊一声She yelled
16、 at her naughty child.她对淘气的孩子大喊大叫。The boss is always yelling orders at his employees.这个老板总是对员工发号施令。The crowd let out a yell of excitement.人群发出一阵兴奋的叫喊声。【归纳拓展】yell for help大声呼救yell with fury(pain, delight)发怒(痛得，乐得)大叫yell out an oath破口咒骂yell a warning高声警告yell the team to victory用喊声鼓励队员取胜yell ones head
17、off大声叫喊【跟踪典例】用适当的介词或副词填空Dont yell _ me.Will you boys stop yelling your heads _ just outside my window?The man is yelling _ help.They yelled _ excitement.【答案】atoffforwith7. head vi.朝方向移动；出发；动身；驶往head for向(某处)行进head out离去；启程They are heading home, hand in hand.他们手拉着手正朝家里走去。They are heading for New York
18、 with confidence.他们满怀信心地朝纽约的方向进发。【归纳拓展】head n. 头；头脑；智力；理解力bury ones head in the sand逃避现实keep ones head保持镇定have ones head in the clouds想入非非；做白日梦She was able to keep her head in the crisis.她在这次危机中保持了清醒的头脑。If there is a war, you cannot bury your head in the sand.如果有了战争，你不能逃避现实。【跟踪典例】The tall woman_(hea
19、d) straight for the teaching building, is an excellent English teacher popular with our school students.【答案】heading【解析】句意为那个径直朝教学大楼走去的高个子女人是一位出色的英语老师，她深受我校学生的喜爱。本题既考查head用法，又考查非谓语动词在句中作后置定语。分析句法可看出，woman和head之间是主动关系，所以应该用动词ing形式作定语。8. dive vi.& n. 跳水(的动作)；潜水(的动作)；俯冲Throw your arms out in front of yo
20、u as you dive.跳水时手臂迅速前伸。If you cant see the bottom, jump in, dont dive.如果水深不见底，跳进去时脚先落水，不要俯冲下水。【归纳拓展】dive from/off从跳dive into跳入中；迅速向下进入diving board跳板diving suit潜水衣diver n. 潜水员；跳水者【跟踪典例】完成下列句子He _ _ _ _(从桥上跳入水中) and rescued the drowning child.He _ _ _ _ _(正要跳水) when he saw the shark.【答案】dived from th
21、e bridgewas just about to dive9. urge vt.催促；极力主张；驱策(urgent adj.紧急的)urge sb. to do sth.力劝某人干某事urge sb. into doing sth.催促/力劝某人做某事urge sb. on鼓励/激励某人，为某人加油 urge sth. on sb.向某人强调某事urge that sb should do sth 坚决要求/极力主张It is urged that sb should do sth 某人应该做某事Brown urged me to reconsider my decision.布朗极力主张我
22、重新考虑我的决定。I urged that she(should) read the report carefully.我催促她仔细看看这份报告。It is urged that we (should) take measures to protect the environment. 有人主张我们应该采取措施保护环境。【跟踪典例】用恰当词语填空Excuse me, if your call is not _(urge)，do you mind if I make mine first?The captain urged his team_(make)greater effort.They u
23、rged that the Science Museum_ (keep) open during the vacation.【答案】urgent句意：不好意思，如果你的电话不紧急，你介意我先打吗？to make句意：船长激励他的团队要加把劲。urge sb. to do sth.激励某人做某事。(should)be kept本题考查虚拟语气。urge表示强烈要求之意，后跟宾语从句用should do, should可省略，故应填(should) be kept。句意为他们强烈主张科学博物馆应在假期开放。10. abandon vt.遗弃；抛弃；丢弃；放弃；中止；(与oneself连用)使放纵，
24、使听任n. 放任；放纵abandon oneself to沉溺于/纵情于abandon ones hope/plan/idea放弃希望/计划/主意abandon doing sth.放弃做某事with abandon放任地；放纵地；纵情地He abandoned himself to despair for some reason.他因某种原因陷入了绝望。They abandoned their lands to the invading forces.他们放弃土地，让侵略者占领。【巧学助记】The parents should not abandon the abandoned young
25、man only because he abandoned himself to taking drugs.父母不应仅因为他沉溺于吸毒就放弃那个堕落的年轻人。【跟踪典例】The young man does nothing but _ _ _ pleasure.那个年轻人除了沉溺于玩乐什么都不做。_ _ a career in law, she eventually became a professor of botany at the university.放弃了法律职业之后，她最终成为这所大学的植物学教授。Walking in the forest, he felt _ by the wo
26、rld.走在森林中，他觉得自己被世界抛弃了。【答案】abandon himself toHaving abandonedabandoned11.in groups 成群地；一群一群地，一组一组地There are students standing in groups in front of the teaching building. 学生们三五成群地站在教学楼的前面。Social psychology, strictly speaking, deals with the behavior of people in groups. 严格地说，社会心理学家研究人们的群体行为。【归纳拓展】in
27、pairs 成对地；成双地in rows 一排一排地in line成一直线，排成一行【跟踪典例】用适当的词语填空The students all stand in _ to get their new books.They just sit or stand around in _ and talk.The students were practising English conversation in_.He had ranged the bottles from small to large in _ against the wall.【答案】linegroupspairsrows/lin
28、e12. sort out整理；分类；解决(问题和困难)I am just sorting out the papers that can be thrown away when the telephone rang. 我正在整理可以扔掉的文件，就在这时电话铃响了。It is difficult to sort out the lies from the truth.谎言和实话难以区分。We have got a few little problems to sort out.我们有几个小问题要解决。【归纳拓展】sort sth/sb/oneself out妥善处理某事/某人(或自己)sort
29、 sth into sth 整理；把分类 all sorts of各种各样的a sort of一种sort of有几分地Lets leave that pair to sort themselves out.让那一对(夫妇)自行解决吧。There are all sorts of jobs you could do.有各种各样的工作你可以做。【跟踪典例】完成句子垃圾很容易分开，可归为塑料、玻璃和纸三类。Rubbish can easily be separated and _ _ plastics, glass and paper.你装车，我把孩子们安顿好。You load up the ca
30、r and Ill _ _ _ _.【答案】sorted intosort the kid out13. in time to do sth./in time for sth.及时做某事The ambulance got there in time to save the patients life.救护车及时到达那儿挽救了病人的生命。She came running all the way in time for the meeting.她一路跑着来及时赶上了会议。【归纳拓展】in time及时；最后；终于；终有一天for some time一段时间all the time始终；一直in n
31、o time立刻；马上at no time绝不；在任何时候都不on time按时；准时for the time being暂时；暂且at one time曾经；一度；同时at times有时候at a time一次；每次【跟踪典例】It is believed that any student who can be _ class regardless of severe weather will be successful_.他绝不向困难低头。_ _ _ will he give in to the difficulties.【答案】in time for; in time第一空后class
32、为名词，所以要用in time for来表达及时赶到；第二空要表达终有一天，所以要用in time。At no time14. have on穿着；佩戴；在身上带有She had on a red dress and white shoes.她穿着一件红裙子和一双白色鞋子。I dont have that much money on me at the moment.那时我身上没带多少钱。【易混辨析】wear，put on，have on和dresswear穿着，指状态，可以用进行时，宾语是衣服、鞋帽、眼镜、发型等。put on穿戴，穿上(反义词take off)；指穿的动作，用于穿鞋、戴帽、
33、穿衣等。have on穿着，指状态，没有进行时，宾语是代词时，必须放在该词组中间。dress及物动词，给(某人)穿衣，宾语一般是人，不接衣服类的词语作宾语，be(dressed) in之后经常接颜色或服装式样之类的名词。He put on his hat rapidly and went out.他快速戴上帽子然后出去了。He is old enough to dress himself.他足够大能自己穿衣服了。【跟踪典例】选词填空put on/wearHe often _ a suit of jeans to school.【答案】wears【解析】本题考查词汇辨析。put on穿上表示动作
34、；wear表穿着的状态。句意为他经常穿牛仔裤去上学。此处应用表状态的词，且宾语是衣服。故填wears。15. look down俯视；看不起；蔑视The lecturer looked down at the sea of faces beneath him.讲演的人俯视着下面无数的面孔。Her parents told her not to look down upon peasant workers.她父母叫她不要瞧不起农民工。【归纳拓展】look up向上看；查找look up to尊敬look out当心；注意(for)look through浏览；仔细看look forward to
35、盼望look sb. up and down上下打量某人look after照顾look back回顾；回想【典例跟踪】用恰当介词填空Before you pay a visit to a place of interest, look in your local library _ a book about it.Look _ this proposal for me, and tell me what you think of it.【答案】for本题考查动词与介词的搭配。句意：在你参观一个名胜古迹之前，在你当地的图书馆找一本与之有关的书。look for寻找符合题意。throughloo
36、k through浏览，仔细看。句意为帮我审查一下这个方案，告诉我你的看法。16. lead sb. to.领着某人到lead sb. to do sth.致使某人做某事lead to通向；导致lead alife过着的生活She led us to the managers office.她把我们领进经理的办公室。What he did led us to believe he was capable.他所做的使我们相信他是有能力的。【跟踪典例】将下列句子译成英语他把游客领出去到了花园。_是什么导致你得出这个结论的？_今天我们过着幸福的生活。_【答案】He led the visitors
37、out to the garden.What led you to the conclusion?Today we lead a happy life.17. aim at瞄准；对准；目的在于When he aimed(his gun)at the target, he was trembling with fear.当他用枪瞄准目标时，他吓得浑身发抖。The product is aimed at the children market.这种产品瞄准儿童市场。The visit is aimed at improving the relations between the two count
38、ries.此次访问旨在改善两国关系。【归纳拓展】aim n. 目标；对准；瞄准achieve ones aim达到目的/实现目标miss ones aim未击中目标without aim漫无目的地aim to do目的是【跟踪典例】He was so nervous that he_ _ _(未击中目标). It is quite wise to_ _(瞄准)the women market.Determination is the key to_ _ _(达到目的). The man_his harpoon_(对准)the big fish.I_ _ _(目的是)a policeman wh
39、en I leave school.What I said_ _ _ _(不是针对)you.【答案】missed his aimaim atachieving ones aimaimed; ataim to bewas not aimed at18. help(.) out帮助(某人)摆脱困难或危难Jane helped him out of his financial difficulties.简帮他摆脱了财务困难。Whenever she heard someone had trouble, she would go to help out.每当听到有人有困难，她就去帮助解决。【归纳拓展】
40、help sb with sth帮助某人某事help oneself to随便自己动手(夹菜吃、用等)cant help doing sth忍不住做某事cant help do sth不能帮忙做某事with the help of在的帮助下，借助【跟踪典例】在我失业时没有人帮助我。Nobody _ _ _ when I lost my job.失去的永远不会再来！我不禁自言自语。Things lost never come again！I _ _ _ to myself.【答案】helped me outcouldnt help talking19. It was a time when th
41、e killer whales, or killers as they were then called, helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.当时被人们称作杀手的虎鲸帮助捕鲸人在须鲸每年洄游的季节将它们捕获。本句中when引导定语从句，先行词为time；该定语从句中又包含as引导的定语从句和that引导的定语从句。此处 a time表示一段时间，若引导词在从句中作状语，则应用关系副词when或介词at/duringwhich引导定语从句；若引导词在从句中作宾语，则一般用w
42、hich或that引导定语从句。如：To begin/start with, the day was fine, but after a time it began to rain.开始时，天气很好。但不久就开始下雨了。There was a time when(during which)we had no radios, no telephones and no TV sets.曾经有一段时间我们没有收音机，没有电话，也没有电视机。【归纳拓展】表示时间或地点的名词后跟定语从句时，若引导词在从句中作状语，则用when/where或相应的介词which；若引导词在从句中作宾语，则用which或that。如：Do you still remember the time which/that we spent together on the farm?你还记得我们一块儿在农场度过的那段时间吗？【跟踪典例】As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time _he should be able to be independent.曾有一段时间，我讨厌上学。There was _time_I hated to go to school.【答案】wh