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1、试题为word版 下载可打印编辑Section The Language Points of Reading课时作业(一)对应学生用书P15完形填空Throughout history, people have been interested in knowing how language first began, but no one knows exactly where or how this happened. _1_， we do know a lot about _2_， the languages of today and also the languages of _3_ ti
2、mes. There _4_ probably about three thousand languages in the world today. Chinese is the language _5_ the most speakers. English, Russian and Spanish are also spoken by many millions of people. _6_， some languages in the world have less than one hundred speakers. There are several important _7_ of
3、languages in the world. For example, most of the languages of _8_ are in one large family _9_ the IndoEuropean language family. The original (最初的) language of this family was spoken about 4,500 years _10_. Many of the present languages of Europe and India are modern _11_ of the language of 4,500 yea
4、rs ago. Languages are _12_ changing. The English of today is very different _13_ the English of 500 years ago. In time, some even _14_ completely. About 1,000 years ago _15_ was a littleknown relative of German _16_ on one of the borders (边界) of Europe. If a language has _17_ speakers or if it is ve
5、ry old, there may be _18_ in the way it is spoken in different areas. _19_， the language may have several dialects. Chinese is a good example of dialect differences. Chinese has been spoken for thousands of years by many millions of speakers. The differences among the dialects of Chinese are so grea
6、t that speakers of Chinese from some parts of China _20_ understand speakers from other parts.1A.But BSo CHowever DBesides答案：C上文在说虽然人们对语言的起源感兴趣，但是没人确切地知道究竟是怎样的。下文笔锋一转提出我们还是对语言有许多了解。A、C两项均表转折，由于空格后为逗号，故选C。2A.English Bhistory CChinese Dlanguages答案：D由上下文可知，本文是在讲对语言的认识，而不单纯是对汉语或英语的认识。3A.earlier Blater C
7、modern Dhard答案：A由上下文可知，此处与today对应，指较早时期的语言。4A.is Bare Cwas Dwere答案：B由下文中的“about three thousand languages in the world today”可知，此处应用be动词的一般现在时的复数形式。5A.for Bwith Cin Dof答案：B此处表示“具有”的含义，由with引导的介词短语作定语，修饰language，表示“汉语是使用人数最多的一种语言”。6A.In a word BOn the one hand CWhats more DOn the other hand答案：D上文指出汉语是
8、使用者最多的一种语言，接着又说英语、俄语和西班牙语也有数百万人使用，后文讲到还有不到一百人使用的语言，所以此处用“on the other hand”引出不同的、对立的一种情况。7A.forms Bsystems Cfamilies Dchanges答案：C由下文内容可知，语言有几大语系，用families表示。下文的“one large family”也是提示。8A.Europe BAsia CAfrica DAmerica答案：A由下文中的“IndoEuropean language family”可知，欧洲的大多数语言都属于一个大的语系印欧语系。9A.called Bspoken Cca
9、lling Dspeaking答案：A过去分词called作后置定语，表示“被称做”。10A.before Bago Clater Dold答案：B由上文中的“was spoken”可知，此处应该用与一般过去时连用的ago。before一般与过去完成时连用。11A.times Bfamilies Cforms Dmembers答案：C现在印度与欧洲的一些语言实际上就是4500年以前的语言的现代形式(forms)。12A.always Bseldom Coften Dsometimes答案：A由下文可知，语言一直都在发展变化。always与现在进行时连用，表示“总是”。13A.about Bwi
10、th Cbetween Dfrom答案：Dbe different from“与不同”，为固定短语。14A.die out Bdie away Cdie down Ddie off答案：A经过一段时间有些语言完全消失了。die out “灭绝；消失”，符合语境。die away “逐渐模糊；逐渐减弱”；die down “逐渐变弱；暗淡”；die off “相继死去”。15A.Spanish BEnglish CChinese DRussian答案：B一千年前，英语只是与德语有亲缘关系的鲜为人知的一种语言。16A.called Btold Cspoken Dnamed答案：C表示“讲(某种语言
11、)”用speak，此处用过去分词作定语，表示被动。17A.a great deal of Ba few Ca little Da lot of答案：D如果讲某种语言的人多或某种语言很古老，那么不同地区人们说话的方式就有差别。A、C项只修饰不可数名词；a few表示“几个”，意义不符。18A.speakers Bdifferences Cdifference Dchanges答案：B由上文可知，此处指人们说话方式的不同之处，用复数形式。下文出现的differences也是提示。19A.That is BTherefore CIn fact DHowever答案：A此处是对上文的说明：也就是说(t
12、hat is)，一种语言可能有几种方言。20A.mustnt Bmay not Cwont Dcant答案：D方言的差别如此之大，以至于来自不同地区的人都无法相互沟通。此处表示“不会，不能”，故用cant。阅读理解A There are some differences between American English and British English. Some differences are quite interesting. When my friend Lily from London used the word “larder”， I didnt know what it m
13、eant. Realizing I didnt follow her, she used another word. I finally knew she wanted to find something to keep some food. The next word came up when we were planning a lunch date. She jotted_down the date and time in her diary, while I marked my calendar. If she called me on the phone, she would rin
14、g me up. But if the line was busy, she would say the line was engaged. Most times, I can know what Lily means. Last week, she regretted sending her boys to watch an early morning tennis game without their fleeces. I thought that she meant without their jackets or something like those. Other times, w
15、e have to ask each other. She recently told me a funny tale about a woman who was pissed. I wondered what had made the lady angry. It turns out that pissed means drunk. Here is one more example. My British friend Jane was filling out a ticket at the grocery store recently. She asked the young man if
16、 he had a rubber. When she noticed he didnt follow her, she quickly asked for an eraser, which, in England, is often called a rubber. In order to communicate well with the British, we Americans should learn some words that the British use differently. And I think people who learn English as a second
17、 language should also realize that there are differences between American English and British English.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。作者通过生活中的一些例子说明了英式英语和美式英语在使用上的一些差异。1When Lily used the word “larder”， she was probably looking for a _. Acup Bladder Ccupboard Dcooker答案：C推理判断题。根据第二段第三句“I finally knew she wanted to fin
18、d something to keep some food.”可知，莉莉在寻找一个“橱柜”。故选C。2What does the underlined phrase “jotted down” in Paragraph 2 mean?AWrote down. BLeft behind.CLooked for. DSettled down.答案：A词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“in her diary”以及“while I marked my calendar”可知，莉莉把日期和时间记在了日记本上。write down “记下，写下”。故选A。3Last week, Lily regretted
19、 sending her boys to watch a tennis game mainly because _. Ashe thought the game was boring Bshe wanted to spend time with her boys Cshe didnt dress her boys in thick clothes Dher boys got lost答案：C推理判断题。根据第三段第二句中的“an early morning tennis game”和第三句“I thought that she meant without their jackets or so
20、mething like those.”可推断，莉莉后悔一大早送她的孩子们去看网球比赛，主要是因为她没给孩子们穿厚一点的衣服。故选C。4What is the passage mainly about?AThe British way of using words.BSome new words the writers British friends taught her.CThe reasons why Americans cant follow the British at times.DSome words used differently in British English and
21、American English.答案：D主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了英式英语和美式英语中一些词在使用上的差异。故选D。1engaged adj. 电话占线的；已订婚的2wonder v. 感到疑惑；想要知道1come up 走近；被提及；发生2turn out 原来是；证明是；结果是3fill out 填写(正式文件、表格等)B One of the speaking rules you need to know might sound strange to most ESL (English as a second language) students, but it is
22、 one of the most important rules. If you want to pass examinations, then study grammar. However, if you want to become fluent in English, then you should try to learn English without studying the grammar. Studying grammar will only slow you down and confuse you. You will think about the rules when c
23、reating sentences instead of naturally saying a sentence like a native. Remember that only a small part of English speakers know more than 20% of all the grammar rules. Many ESL students know more grammar than native speakers. I can confidently say this with experience. I am a native English speaker
24、, majored in English Literature, and have been teaching English for more than 10 years. However, many of my students know more details about English grammar than I do. When they sometimes ask me about grammar, I can easily look up the definition (定义) and apply it, but I cant tell them the answer off
25、_the_top_of_my_head. I often ask my native English friends some grammar questions, and only a few of them know the correct answer. However, they are fluent in English and can read, speak, listen, and communicate effectively. Do you want to be able to recite the definition of a causative verb, or do
26、you want to be able to speak English fluently?5According to the author, what opinion do most ESL students hold? AGrammar matters a lot only in speaking. BGrammar doesnt matter much in speaking. CGrammar is very important in English learning. DGrammar is not important in English learning.答案：C推理判断题。根据
27、第一段内容可知，不学语法才可以流利说英语这一点对ESL学生来说听上去很奇怪，因此可推断，大多数ESL学生认为语法在语言学习中很重要，故C为正确选项。6As for studying grammar, which statement is TRUE according to the passage?AMany ESL students know little grammar.BMost English speakers know more than 20% of all the grammar rules.CStudying grammar will not make fluency in En
28、glish.DYou will say a sentence naturally when thinking about rules.答案：C细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Studying grammar will only slow you down and confuse you.”可知学习语法只能使你放慢速度并使你困惑，故C正确。7The underlined part “off the top of my head” means “_” Aon purpose Bwithout consideration Cafter thinking Dwith difficulty答案：B词义猜测题
29、。前一个分句意为：我可以很容易地查找语法的定义并应用它，由此猜测后一个分句的意思“但是我不能不假思索地告诉他们答案”。8Which of the following titles best suits the text? AFluency or Grammar? BGrammar Counts! CExams or No Exams? DNo More Grammar!答案：A标题判断题。通读全文并根据文章第一段最后一句可知，本文主要介绍了流利地说英语与语法之间的关系。故选A。1confuse v. 使困惑2naturally adv. 自然地1slow down 使慢下来，减速2think about 考虑3instead of 代替，而不是试题为word版 下载可打印编辑