《BS-8414-1-2002.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《BS-8414-1-2002.pdf（18页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 8414-1:2002 Fire performance of external cladding systems Part 1: Test method for non-loadbearing external cladding systems applied to the face of the building ICS 13.220.50 ? Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 01:13:04 GMT+00:00
2、 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8414-1:2002 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Health and Environment Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 13 December 2002 BSI 13 December 20
3、02 The following BSI references relate to the work on this British Standard: Committee reference FSH/21/7 and FSH/22/7 Draft for comment 01/540504 DC ISBN 0 580 40832 9 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by Technical Committee FSH/
4、22, Fire resistance tests, to a joint working group from Subcommittees FSH/21/7, Large and intermediate scale tests, and FSH/22/7, Test procedures for partitions, upon which the following bodies were represented: Architectural and Specialist Door Manufacturers Association of Building Component Manuf
5、acturers Ltd. Association of Interior Specialists British Ceramic Research Ltd. British Plastics Federation British Rigid Urethane Foam Manufacturers Association British Textile Technology Group BRE (Building Research Establishment)/LPC Laboratories External Wall Insulation Association EURISOL (UK M
6、ineral Wool Association) European Phenolic Foam Association Fire Brigades Union Fire Resistant Glass and Glazing Federation Fire Safety Development Group Flat Glass Manufacturers Association Gypsum Products Development Association Home Office IFS (Institute of Fire Safety) Institution of Structural
7、Engineers Office of the Deputy Prime Minister (ODPM) (represented by the BRE) Office of the Deputy Prime Minister (ODPM) Building Regulations Division RAPRA Technology Ltd. Timber Research and Development Association TIMSA Thermal Insulation Manufacturers UK Steel Association University College Lond
8、on University of Bath Warrington Fire Research Centre Co-opted members Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 01:13:04 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8414-1:2002 BSI 13 December 200
9、2 i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover Forewordii 1Scope1 2Terms and definitions1 3Principle1 4Test apparatus2 5Test specimen5 6Conditioning6 7Procedure6 8Post test examination6 9Test report7 Annex A (normative) Calibration of the heat source8 Annex B (normative) Timber crib sour
10、ce10 Bibliography13 Figure 1 An example of the test facility3 Figure 2 Location of thermocouples for a cladding test4 Figure A.1 Location of heat flux meters and thermocouples for calibration test9 Figure A.2 Mean heat flux time profile for fuels other than cribs10 Figure B.1 Elevation and plan of t
11、he combustion chamber11 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 01:13:04 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8414-1:2002 ii BSI 13 December 2002 Foreword This British Standard has been prepared by a joint working group from Technical Committees
12、 FSH/21/7 and FSH/22/7 under the direction of FSH/22. This British Standard was developed from an existing industry standard, BRE Fire Note 9 published by the Building Research Establish (BRE) 1, following a recommendation by the then House of Commons Environment, Transport and Regional Affairs Comm
13、ittee. This recommendation was contained within the committees first report on the potential risk of fire spread in buildings via external cladding systems, which was published on 14 December 1999 (HC109) 2. This part of BS 8414 has been produced to provide a test method for assessing the fire perfo
14、rmance of non-loadbearing external cladding systems, rainscreen overcladding systems and external wall insulation systems at full-scale when applied to the face of a building and exposed to an external fire under controlled conditions. The fire exposure conditions have been developed to be represent
15、ative of an external fire source or a fully-developed (post-flashover) fire in a room, venting through an opening such as a window aperture that exposes the cladding to the effects of external flames. Further parts of this standard will be developed to cover the fire testing of curtain walling syste
16、ms and systems that include glass panels. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This do
17、cument comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to ii, pages 1 to 13 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 01:13:04 GMT+00
18、:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8414-1:2002 BSI 13 December 2002 1 1 Scope This British Standard describes a method of assessing the behaviour of non-loadbearing external cladding systems, rainscreen overcladding systems and external wall insulation systems when applied to the face of a buil
19、ding and exposed to an external fire under controlled conditions. The fire exposure is representative of an external fire source or a fully-developed (post-flashover) fire in a room, venting through an opening such as a window aperture that exposes the cladding to the effects of external flames. Thi
20、s British Standard does not cover the performance of glazed window openings or the detailing at such openings which are covered by separate tests. This British Standard does not apply to curtain walling systems or systems that include glass panels, the fire testing of which will be covered by furthe
21、r parts of this standard. 2 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this British Standard the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 external cladding system complete cladding assembly, including, for example, sheeting rails, fixings, cavities, insulation and weathering membranes or coatings 2
22、.2 face of the building external plane of a continuous external wall of the building (usually of masonry construction), to which the cladding system is applied 2.3 level 1 height 2 500 mm above the top of the combustion chamber opening in the test apparatus 2.4 level 2 height 5 000 mm above the top
23、of the combustion chamber opening in the test apparatus 2.5 start temperature, Ts mean temperature of the thermocouples at level 1 during the 5 min prior to ignition of the heat source 2.6 start time, ts time when the temperature recorded by any external thermocouple at level 1 equals or exceeds a 2
24、00 C temperature rise above Ts and remains above this value for at least 30 s 3 Principle The external cladding system is applied to a vertical external masonry surface simulating the external face of a building in the form of a main face together with a return wing. The cladding system is applied i
25、n the manner specified by the test sponsor or vendor of the system. At the base of the main vertical masonry wall an opening is provided through which the fire can vent. A fully developed fire in a room abutting the external face of a building venting through a broken window is simulated. The extent
26、 of damage caused to the external cladding system, and in particular the ability for the external cladding system to resist the propagation of the fire upwards, is evaluated. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 01:13:04 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled C
27、opy, (c) BSI BS 8414-1:2002 2 BSI 13 December 2002 4 Test apparatus 4.1 Test facility 4.1.1 General The test apparatus shall be representative of the face of a building and shall consist of a masonry, or masonry infill, structure with a vertical main test wall and a vertical return wall (wing) at 90
28、? angles to, and at one side of the main test wall. The main wall shall be provided with a combustion chamber conforming to 4.1.4. The apparatus shall be capable of enduring the effects of the test procedure without itself suffering undue damage or distortion. NOTE An example of a typical test appar
29、atus is shown in Figure 1. 4.1.2 Main test wall, vertical, extending at least 6 000 mm above the top of the combustion chamber opening and at least 2 600 mm wide. 4.1.3 Return wall (wing), vertical, of the same height as the main test wall and having a minimum width of 1 500 mm. The wing shall be co
30、nstructed perpendicular to the main test wall at a distance of (250 10) mm from the side of the opening to the combustion chamber (see Figure 1). 4.1.4 Combustion chamber, positioned at the base of the main vertical test wall such that the fire can project through the opening at the base of the main
31、 vertical test wall. The opening shall be (2 000 100) mm high and (2 000 100) mm wide. The combustion chamber shall have a volume of at least 4.275 m3 and shall have internal dimensions of at least 1 900 mm wide, 1 000 mm deep and 2 250 mm high. A suitable heat source as specified in 4.1.5 shall be
32、installed within the combustion chamber. 4.1.5 Heat source, conforming to the thermal performance requirements given in Annex A. The wooden crib described in Annex B has been found to meet the requirements of Annex A and can be used without conducting a calibration exercise. A calibration exercise s
33、hall be conducted in accordance with Annex A on all other heat sources such as gas burners. 4.2 Thermocouples 4.2.1 General All thermocouples shall be Type K (Chromel/Alumel) mineral insulated 1.5 mm (nominal) diameter thermocouples with insulated junctions. At each specified level, temperatures sha
34、ll be monitored using thermocouples placed in accordance with 4.2.2 and 4.2.3. 4.2.2 External thermocouples 4.2.2.1 General External thermocouples shall be positioned to a tolerance of 10 mm with the hot junction positioned (50 5) mm in front of the face of the system under investigation. 4.2.2.2 Ex
35、ternal thermocouples at level 1, positioned: on the main face of the faade, in positions on the centre line and at distances of 500 mm and 1 000 mm each side of the centre line (five locations); on the wing, at distances of 150 mm, 600 mm and 1 050 mm from the finished face of the cladding systems o
36、n the main face (three locations) (see Figure 2). Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 01:13:04 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8414-1:2002 BSI 13 December 2002 3 Dimensions in millimetres Figure 1 An example of the test facility License
37、d Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 01:13:04 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8414-1:2002 4 BSI 13 December 2002 Dimensions in millimetres Figure 2 Location of thermocouples for a cladding test Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, Londo
38、n South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 01:13:04 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8414-1:2002 BSI 13 December 2002 5 4.2.2.3 External thermocouples at level 2, positioned: on the main face of the faade, in positions on the centre line and at distances of 500 mm and 1 000 mm each side of the
39、 centre line (five locations); on the wing, at distances of 150 mm, 600 mm and 1 050 mm from the finished face of the cladding systems on the main face (three locations) (see Figure 2). 4.2.3 Internal thermocouples, positioned at level 2 to a tolerance of 10 mm. They shall be positioned at the mid-d
40、epth of each combustible layer. Thermocouples shall not be used for layers less than 10 mm thick. If the system contains cavities, thermocouples shall also be positioned at the mid-width of each cavity. The internal thermocouples at level 2 shall be positioned: on the centre line of the main test fa
41、ce and at distances of 500 mm and 1 000 mm each side of the centre line (five locations); and on the wing at distances of 150 mm, 600 mm and 1 050 mm from the finished face of the cladding systems on the main face (three locations). 4.3 Data acquisition system, capable of recording data at a minimum
42、 of 10 s intervals, to which instruments shall be connected. 4.4 Audio visual equipment, capable of providing a visual record of the condition of the full height of the test faces at a minimum of 5 min intervals. NOTEIt is recommended that two cameras be used to cover the full height of both faces.
43、4.5 Ambient condition monitoring equipment, such as an anemometer with an accuracy of 0.5 m/s for measuring the ambient air velocity at a height of (3 000 100) mm above the ground. 4.6 Timing device, such as a clock, with an accuracy higher than 5 s/h. 5 Test specimen 5.1 General The external claddi
44、ng system shall include all relevant components assembled and installed in accordance with the manufacturers instructions. 5.2 Dimensions of the cladding system The maximum depth of the cladding system to be evaluated shall be 200 mm. On the main test wall the cladding system shall extend at least 2
45、 400 mm horizontally from the corner of the test apparatus between the main wall and the wing. It shall extend from the top of the combustion chamber opening to a height of not less than 6 000 mm above the combustion chamber opening. NOTE 1The cladding system may extend down to the ground level on e
46、ach side of the combustion chamber opening. The cladding system shall not obstruct the combustion chamber opening. On the wing of the test face the cladding system shall extend at least 1 200 mm horizontally from the corner of the test apparatus between the main wall face and the wing. It shall exte
47、nd from the ground level to a height of not less than 6 000 mm above the combustion chamber opening. The detail at the corner of the cladding system between the main wall face and wing shall abut or be constructed in accordance with the manufacturers instructions. Exposed edges and the perimeter of
48、the combustion chamber opening shall be protected in accordance with the manufacturers instructions. NOTE 2This may include a window frame without any glazing. If the cladding system does not offer any protection to openings in practice, the interface between the cladding system and the combustion c
49、hamber shall also remain unprotected. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 01:13:04 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8414-1:2002 6 BSI 13 December 2002 If horizontal joints are incorporated into the external wall cladding system, the cladding system shall incorporate horizontal joints at intervals specified by the manufacturer, with at least one joint placed (2 400 100) mm above the ope