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1、BRITISH STANDARD MARINE SERIES CONFIRMED JANUARY 1980 BS MA 18:1973 Incorporating Amendment No. 1 Specification for Salt water piping systems in ships UDC 629.12.061:621.64/.69 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Dec 09 02:15:51 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled
2、 Copy, (c) BSI BS MA 18:1973 This British Standard, having been approved by the Ship building for continuous flow32 Figure 2 Swept saddle type branch, welded; continuous, intermittent and no-flow33 Figure 3 Saddle branch, welded; continuous, intermittent and no-flow33 Figure 4 Welded stub branch; co
3、ntinuous, intermittent and no-flow34 Figure 5 Set-on branch pipes for 2.5 mm wall thickness and above; intermittent and no-flow34 Figure 6 Set-on branches and bosses, welded; no-flow35 Figure 7 Swept saddle type branch, brazed; continuous, intermittent and no-flow36 Figure 8 Saddle branch, brazed; c
4、ontinuous, intermittent and no-flow36 Figure 9 Set-on boss, brazed; no-flow37 Figure 10 Set-in socket boss (Scotch type); no-flow37 Figure 11a Cast bulkhead pieces38 Figure 11b Fabricated copper alloy/steel bulkhead pieces39 Figure 11c Fabricated copper alloy/steel bulkhead pieces. Methods of attach
5、ing components of types shown in Figure 11b40 Figure 11d Galvanized fabricated steel bulkhead pieces41 Figure 11e Grey and ductile iron bulkhead pieces42 Figure 12 Recommended steel flange preparation for welding to copper-nickel pipe43 Figure 13 Typical procedure for welding steel flange to copper-
6、nickel pipe43 Figure 14 Gussetted bend44 Figure 15 Setting up correct flows in salt water circulating systems44 Figure 16 Pipe friction coefficient45 Figure 17 Friction loss in “smooth” (copper alloy) pipes (water 20 C)46 Figure 18 Temperature correction factor for loss in “smooth” (copper alloy) pi
7、pes47 Figure 19 Friction loss in new steel pipes (water 20 C)48 Figure 20 Temperature correction factor for loss in new steel pipes49 Figure 21 Dynamic pressure of salt water50 Figure 22 Excess loss coefficients for bends51 Figure 23 Loss coefficient for flow in a 45 branch (dividing flow 0.352 u da
8、/d u 1.00)52 Figure 24 Loss coefficient for flow in a 45 branch (uniting flow 0.352 u da/d u 1.00)53 Figure 25 Loss coefficient for flow in equi-diameter right-angle branches54 Figure 26 Loss coefficient for sudden enlargement and contraction55 Figure 27 Loss coefficient for valves56 Figure 28 Compa
9、rison of pump and system characteristics57 Figure 29 Vapour pressure of water58 Figure 30 Typical sea water circulating system59 Figure 31 Isometric view of piping layout (for Appendix A example calculation only)60 Table 1 Copper alloy components3 Table 2 Preferred sizes for salt water pipelines8 Li
10、censed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Dec 09 02:15:51 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS MA 18:1973 BSI 05-2000iii Page Table 3 Arc welding processes11 Table 4 Filler metals for arc welding copper alloy pipelines15 Table 5 Steel pipe sizes16 Table 6
11、Dimensions of grey and ductile iron pipes17 Table 7 Recommended minimum bending radii for steel pipes18 Table 8 Filler metals and electrodes; steel18 Table 9 The galvanic series in sea water30 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Dec 09 02:15:51 GMT+00:00 20
12、06, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS MA 18:1973 iv BSI 05-2000 Foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the authority of the Shipbuilding and Marine Industry Standards Committee. Recommendations and requirements are given in this standard with the object of improving the service life of s
13、alt water systems in ships. Failure of the component parts of salt water piping systems may occur as a result of corrosion/erosion, otherwise known as impingement attack, arising from excessive turbulence. Such a condition may be brought about by poor design and/or poor workmanship, or the use of to
14、o high a nominal water speed. Excessive water speed is a major factor and may arise as a result of poor design or of misuse of the system. Failure may also occur by pitting resulting from deposit attack, and cracking due to stress corrosion, or by general wastage in the case of ferrous systems. Atte
15、ntion should therefore be given to the design, fabrication and installation of systems to ensure minimum turbulence. In particular, abrupt changes in the direction of flow, mismatched pipe bores, tube bore protrusions and other restrictions of flow should be avoided. All pressures in this standard a
16、re in bar1) (gauge) unless otherwise stated. This standard makes reference to the following British Standards: BS 309, Whiteheart malleable iron castings. BS 310, Blackheart malleable iron castings. BS 449, Welding terms and symbols. BS 639, Covered electrodes for the manual metal-arc welding of mil
17、d steel and medium-tensile steel. BS 729, Hot dip galvanized coatings on iron and steel articles. BS 864, Capillary and compression fittings of copper and copper alloy for use with copper tube complying with BS 1386 and BS 3931 Part 2: Metric units. BS 970, Wrought steels in the form of blooms, bill
18、ets, bars and forgings. Part 1: Carbon steels1); Part 2: Direct hardening alloy steels including alloy steels capable of surface hardening by nitriding; Part 3: Steels for case hardening; Part 4: Stainless, heat resisting and valve steels; Part 5: Carbon and alloy spring steels for the manufacture o
19、f hot formed springs. BS 1387, Steel tubes and tubulars suitable for screwing to BS 21 pipe threads. BS 1400, Copper alloy ingots and copper and copper alloy castings. BS 1452, Grey iron castings. BS 1453, Filler rods and wires for gas welding. BS 1504-6, Steels for use in the chemical, petroleum an
20、d allied industries. BS 1504, Castings. BS 1560, Steel pipes flanges, nominal size “ in to 24 in, for the petroleum industry Part 2: Metric dimensions. BS 1640, Steel butt-welding pipe fittings for the petroleum industry Part 3: Wrought carbon and ferritic alloy steel fittings. BS 1723, Brazing. BS
21、1740, Wrought steel pipe fittings (screwed BSP thread). BS 1845, Filler metals for brazing. BS 1965, Butt-welding pipe fittings for pressure purposes Part 1: Carbon steel. 1) In course of preparation Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Dec 09 02:15:51 GMT+0
22、0:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS MA 18:1973 BSI 05-2000v BS 1973, Polythene pipe (Type 32) for general purposes, including chemical and food industry uses. BS 2051, Tube and pipe fittings for engineering purposes Part 1: Copper and copper alloy capillary and compression tube fittings (for us
23、e with fractional o.d. sizes of tubes). BS 2579, Solid drawn copper alloy tubes for the manufacture of screwed ferrules, and copper alloy screwed ferrules for condenser, evaporator, heater and cooler tubes. BS 2591, Glossary for valves and valve parts (for fluids). Part 1: Screw-down stop, check and
24、 gate valves; Part 2: Safety valves and relief valves; Part 3: Plug valves and cocks; Part 4: Butterfly valves; Part 5: Ball valves. BS 2640, Class II oxy-acetylene welding of steel pipelines and pipe assemblies for carrying fluids. BS 2789, Iron castings with spheroidal or nodular graphite. BS 2815
25、, Compressed asbestos fibre jointing. BS 2870, Rolled copper and copper alloys. Sheet, strip and foil. BS 2871, Copper and copper alloys. Tube. Part 1: Copper tubes for water, gas and sanitation; Part 2: Tubes for general purposes. BS 2872, Copper and copper alloys. Forging stock and forgings. BS 28
26、73, Copper and copper alloys. Wire. BS 2874, Copper and copper alloys. Rods and sections (other than forging stock). BS 2875, Copper and copper alloys. Plate. BS 2901, Filler rods and wires for gas-shielded arc welding. BS 2971, Class II metal-arc welding of steel pipelines and pipe assemblies for c
27、arrying fluids. BS 3071, Nickel-copper ahoy castings. BS 3072, Nickel and nickel alloys. Sheet and plate. BS 3075, Nickel and nickel alloys. Wire. BS 3076, Nickel and nickel alloys. Rods. BS 3100, Steel castings for general engineering purposes. BS 3468, Austenitic cast iron. BS 3600, Dimensions and
28、 masses per unit length of welded and seamless steel pipes and tubes for pressure purposes. BS 3601, Steel pipes and tubes for pressure purposes: carbon steel with specified room temperature properties. BS 3974, Pipe supports. BS 4368, Carbon and stainless steel compression couplings for tubes. BS 4
29、504, Flanges and bolting for pipes, valves and fittings. Metric series. BS 4622, Grey iron pipes and fittings. BS 4772, Ductile iron pipes and fittings. BS 4882, Bolting for flanges and pressure containing purposes. BS MA26, Weed boxes and suction strainers. CP 3003, Lining of vessels and equipment
30、for chemical processes. Part 1: Rubber; Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Dec 09 02:15:51 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS MA 18:1973 vi BSI 05-2000 Part 2: Glass enamel; Part 3: Lead; Part 4: Plasticized PVC sheet; Part 5: Epoxide resins; Pa
31、rt 6: Phenolic resins. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages T
32、his document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to vi, pages 1 to 60, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Lic
33、ensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Dec 09 02:15:51 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS MA 18:1973 BSI 05-20001 1 Scope This British Standard specifies requirements for the materials, design, fabrication, installation, inspection and testing of salt
34、water piping systems in ships, including all fittings which form parts of such systems, in which the design pressure in the pipes does not exceed 16 bar2). For the purposes of this standard a salt water piping system includes all pipes and fittings from sea water inlet to discharge overboard. NOTEUs
35、ers of this standard should note that while observing the requirements of the standard they should at the same time ensure compliance with such statutory requirements, rules and regulations as may be applicable to the individual ship concerned. 2 Definitions For the purposes of this British Standard
36、 the following definitions, together with those given in BS 499 and BS 2591, apply: 2.1 design pressure the maximum pressure to which the system can be subjected when in service. It is the value used in design calculations. This pressure may result from a combination of circumstances unlikely to occ
37、ur under the normal working conditions, e.g. ship at its deep draught, discharge valves fully shut, pumps operating and relief valves set for normal working conditions 2.2 test pressure the pressure to which the system and its components are subjected under test conditions (see Clause 10) 2.3 the pi
38、ping system all pipes, pumps, valves, heat exchangers and fittings from sea water inlet to discharge overboard 2.4 Flow conditions The expected conditions of water flow in individual parts or sections of the piping system. To meet varying design requirements three conditions are recognized: 2.4.1 co
39、ntinuous flow where the water in a system or part of a system is flowing continuously under the ships normal operating conditions 2.4.2 no-flow for air vents, and where a branch connection to a main pipe has its other end permanently closed under normal operating conditions. The water in such a bran
40、ch is regarded as having a no-flow condition 2.4.3 intermittent flow all systems and parts of the systems not covered by 2.4.1 and 2.4.2 2.5 purchaser the shipowner or ship operator according to the circumstances of a particular ship 2.6 manufacturer the shipbuilder or authorized subcontractor 3 Rat
41、ing of system The design pressure rating of the system shall be not greater than 16 bar2). 4 Materials 4.1 General. Materials used in the piping systems constructed in accordance with this British Standard shall comply with one of the material standards given in 4.2 and 4.3. The materials in this st
42、andard are not listed in order of preference and the use of other materials shall be by agreement of the manufacturer and the purchaser. 4.2 Copper alloy components. All copper alloys used in the manufacture of components for salt water piping systems shall comply with the requirements of one of the
43、 British Standards or designated alloys given in Table 1. Attention is drawn to the unnumbered footnote immediately under Table 1 and also to Appendix B. 4.3 Ferrous components (steel and cast iron). The component is described as “ferrous” if it is entirely ferrous or its main body is made of ferrou
44、s material. The materials used for ferrous components shall comply with the following specifications. 4.3.1 Pipes 4.3.1.1 Steel pipes as specified in BS 1387. Steel pipes complying with the requirements of BS 1387 are limited to a maximum working pressure of 3.5 bar3) on piping systems subject to su
45、rvey by regulatory bodies. On systems not subject to survey, higher pressures are permissible. 2) 1 bar = 105 N/m2= 0.1 MPa Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Dec 09 02:15:51 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS MA 18:1973 2 BSI 05-2000 4.3.1.1.1
46、BS 3601. Seamless (S) or electric resistance welded (ERW) steel pipes of Grades 320, 360 and 410. Submerged arc welded (SAW) steel pipes, Grade 410, provided they are welded internally and externally. 4.3.1.1.2 General. Steel pipes may also be fabricated from “ship quality” mild steel plate. Pipes w
47、hich are to be used with screwed fittings may be purchased in the galvanized condition. All other steel pipes shall be ordered in the black unvarnished condition. 4.3.1.2 Grey and ductile iron pipes. Grey and ductile iron pipes shall be as specified in BS 4622 or BS 4772. 4.3.2 Pipe fittings, flange
48、s and bolting 4.3.2.1 Steel. Carbon steel butt-welding pipe fittings shall be as specified in BS 1965-1 (for nominal sizes up to and including 400 mm). Wrought carbon steel butt-welding pipe fittings (metric units) shall be as specified in BS 1640-3 (for nominal sizes over 400 mm). Steel flanges and
49、 bolting for pipes, valves and fittings (metric series) shall be as specified in BS 4504 or BS 1560-2. Steel flanges may also be made according to BS 4504 but of “ship quality” mild steel plate. 4.3.2.2 Wrought steel. Steel plates, sheets, strips and forgings shall be of low carbon welding quality so that no preheating or other special precautions are required. NOTEWith regard to friction welding of flanges see 7.3.1.1. 4.3.2.3 Cast steel. Carbon