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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 7176-14:1997 Wheelchairs Part 14: Power and control systems for electric wheelchairs Requirements and test methods ICS 11.180 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 02:12:15 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 7176-14:1997 This British Standard,
2、having been prepared under the direction of the Health and Environment Sector Board, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 December 1997 BSI 04-1999 ISBN 0 580 29404 8 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 7176-14:1997 and impl
3、ements it as the UK national standard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee CH/40, Sanitary chairs and wheelchairs, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries
4、 on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British
5、Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British St
6、andard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cove
7、r, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the ISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 20 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Amendments issued since
8、 publication Amd. No.DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 02:12:15 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 7176-14:1997 BSI 04-1999i Contents Page National forewordInside front cover Forewordiii Text of ISO 7176-141 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na,
9、 Sun Nov 26 02:12:15 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ii blank Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 02:12:15 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 02:12:15 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 7176-1
10、4:1997 ii BSI 04-1999 Contents Page Forewordiii 1Scope1 2Normative references1 3Definitions1 4Apparatus2 5Preparation of test wheelchair3 6Electrical systems3 7Non-powered mobility test12 8Safety guard test13 9Battery chargers13 10Forces needed to operate control devices15 11Test report16 12Informat
11、ion to be disclosed16 Figure 1 Example of standard jointed test finger16 Figure 2 Example of standard unjointed test finger17 Figure 3 Test circuits18 Figure 4 Examples of typical circuits19 Figure 5 Measurement of the force needed to operate a lever20 Descriptors: Disabled persons aids, electric ve
12、hicles, wheel chairs, electric drives, control devices, specifications, tests. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 02:12:15 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 7176-14:1997 BSI 04-1999iii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwid
13、e federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that
14、 committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by
15、the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for approval before their acceptance as International Standards. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. International Standard ISO 7176-14 was prepared by Technical
16、Committee ISO/TC 173, Technical systems and aids for disabled or handicapped persons, Subcommittee SC 1, Wheelchairs. ISO 7176 consists of the following parts under the general title Wheelchairs: Part 1: Determination of static stability; Part 2: Determination of dynamic stability of electric wheelc
17、hairs; Part 3: Determination of efficiency of brakes; Part 4: Determination of energy consumption of electric wheelchairs; Part 5: Determination of overall dimensions, mass and turning space; Part 6: Determination of maximum speed, acceleration and retardation of electric wheelchairs; Part 7: Method
18、 of measurement of seating and wheel dimensions; Part 8: Requirements and test methods for static, impact and fatigue strengths; Part 9: Climatic tests for electric wheelchairs; Part 10: Determination of obstacle-climbing ability of electric wheelchairs; Part 11: Test dummies; Part 13: Determination
19、 of coefficient of friction of test surfaces; Part 14: Power and control systems for electric wheelchairs Requirements and test methods; Part 15: Requirements for information disclosure, documentation and labelling; Part 16: Requirements and test methods for resistance to ignition of upholstered par
20、ts. The following parts are also on the programme of work Part 17: Serial interface for electric wheelchair controllers; Part 18: Stair traversing devices; Part 19: Wheeled mobility devices for use in motor vehicles; Part 20: Determination of the performance of stand-up type wheelchairs; Part 21: Re
21、quirements and test methods for electromagnetic compatibility of powered wheelchairs and motorized scooters; Part 22: Set up procedure. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 02:12:15 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iv blank Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun
22、Nov 26 02:12:15 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 7176-14:1997 BSI 04-19991 WARNING This part of ISO 7176 calls for the use of procedures that may be injurious to health if adequate precautions are not taken. It refers only to technical suitability and does not absolve the manufactur
23、er from legal obligations relating to health and safety at any stage. 1 Scope This part of ISO 7176 specifies the requirements for the power and control systems of electrically powered wheelchairs, including battery chargers, and associated test methods. It sets minimum requirements for the protecti
24、on of the wheelchair user during normal use and some conditions of abuse and failure. It also specifies methods of measurement of the forces necessary to operate the controls and sets limits on the forces needed for some operations. This part of ISO 7176 is applicable to electrically powered vehicle
25、s intended to provide indoor and outdoor mobility for disabled persons whose mass at speeds up to 15 km/h does not exceed 100 kg. It is not applicable to electrically powered vehicles which incorporate devices that need to be connected to a domestic or industrial power supply greater than 100 volts
26、(e.g. those with built-in battery chargers). It does not include requirements on electromagnetic susceptibility or emissions. NOTEFurther work is in progress by CEN/TC 293 on electromagnetic compatibility requirements for wheelchairs related to the Medical Device Directive, whilst work in ISO/TC 173
27、/SC 1 will provide specific electromagnetic compatibility requirements for wheelchairs. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of ISO 7176. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were val
28、id. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this part of ISO 7176 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards listed below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards.
29、ISO 6440:1985, Wheelchairs Nomenclature, terms and definitions. ISO 7176-3:1988, Wheelchairs Part 3: Determination of efficiency of brakes. ISO 7176-6:1988, Wheelchairs Part 6: Determination of maximum speed, acceleration and retardation of electric wheelchairs. ISO 7176-8:1), Wheelchairs Part 8: Re
30、quirements and test methods for static impact and fatigue strengths. ISO 7176-11:1992, Wheelchairs Part 11: Test dummies. ISO 7176-15:1), Wheelchairs Part 15: Requirements for information disclosure, documentation and labelling. IEC 335-2-29:1994, Safety of household and similar electrical appliance
31、s Part 2: Particular requirements for battery chargers. IEC 529:1989, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code). IEC 601-1:1988, Safety of medical electrical equipment Part 1: General requirements. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this part of ISO 7176, the definitions given in ISO 644
32、0 together with the following apply. 3.1 battery nominal voltage voltage by which a battery is designated NOTEThe actual voltage may be significantly different under operating conditions. 3.2 command signal electrical signal from the device with which the user indicates the desired speed and/or dire
33、ction of movement 3.3 controller all electrical devices, circuits, and the case(s) in which they are housed that are used to convert the users indication of desired speed and/or direction of movement into the appropriate power to be supplied to the motor(s) 3.4 pinch point location at which a moving
34、 part contacts or comes in close proximity to another part such that a third part at that location would be cut or crushed 3.5 watchdog circuit dedicated to monitoring the operation of a microprocessor 1) To be published. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 02:12:15 GMT+00:00 2006
35、, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 7176-14:1997 2 BSI 04-1999 3.6 battery set of interconnected electric cells integrated into a physical package and designated as a battery by its manufacturer 3.7 battery pack removable enclosure which contains one or more batteries NOTEIf there are no such enclos
36、ures, a battery pack consists of a single battery. 3.8 battery set set of interconnected batteries used to power a wheelchair 3.9 battery charger device that is connected to supply mains and to a battery set for the purpose of charging the batteries NOTEThis part of ISO 7176 does not apply to batter
37、y chargers which are an integral part of the wheelchair. 4 Apparatus 4.1 Inclined test plane, fixed at 5 to the horizontal, of sufficient size to enable the tests described in 6.13.3, 6.15.3 and 6.17.3 to be performed, and with a surface of sufficient friction to cause minimal wheel slippage during
38、the performance of those tests. NOTEThe recommended minimum size is 5 m 1,5 m. 4.2 Horizontal test plane, with the same high-friction surface as the inclined test plane (4.1), of sufficient size to enable the tests described in 6.11.3, 6.12.3, 6.16.3 and 7.3 to be performed. NOTEThe recommended mini
39、mum size is 5 m 1,5 m. 4.3 Speedometer, or other means of measuring the speed of a wheelchair within a range of 0 km/h to 15 km/h, to an accuracy of 5 %. 4.4 Means of measuring braking distance of a wheelchair, to an accuracy of 100 mm. 4.5 Direct current source, comprising a battery set, which has
40、a voltage 1,25 times the nominal voltage of the battery set of the wheelchair to be testedV, and which has a capacity not less than that of the battery set of the wheelchair. NOTEOther direct current power supplies are not suitable because the wheelchair can return energy during braking. 4.6 Standar
41、d jointed test finger, as specified in Figure 7 of IEC 601-1:1988 (see also Figure 1 of this part of ISO 7176). 4.7 Standard unjointed test finger, of the dimensions specified in Figure 7 of IEC 601-1:1988, but without joints (see also Figure 2 of this part of ISO 7176), capable of attachment to a f
42、orce measuring instrument (4.8). 4.8 Force measuring instrument, capable of measuring forces in the range of 0 N to 100 N in increments of 1 N with an accuracy of 1 % of the rated capacity. 4.9 Force measuring instrument for control devices, capable of measuring forces in a range of 0 N to 10 N in 0
43、,1 N increments with an accuracy of 1 % of the rated capacity. 4.10 Positive air pressure measuring device, capable of measuring positive air pressure, relative to local atmospheric pressure, in a range of 0 kPa to 20 kPa in 200 Pa increments with an accuracy of 1 % of the rated capacity. 4.11 Reduc
44、ed air pressure measuring device, capable of measuring reduced air pressure, relative to local atmospheric pressure, in a range of 0 kPa to 20 kPa in 200 Pa increments with an accuracy of 1 % of the rated capacity. 4.12 Test circuit, arranged as shown in Figure 3a) and Figure 3b) and comprising the
45、following: a) direct current ammeter, capable of measuring current in the range 0 mA to 10 mA in 1 mA increments with an accuracy of not less than 1 mA, and capable of withstanding a current of 100 mA; b) resistor of resistance R (in ohms), calculated from the following expression: where U is the no
46、minal voltage of the wheelchairs battery set (in volts). EXAMPLE At 12 V, R is 120 7; at 24 V, R is 240 7. The minimum power rating P (in watts) of the resistor is calculated from the following expression: P = 0,1 U where U is the nominal voltage of the wheelchairs battery set (in volts). c) standar
47、d unjointed test finger (see 4.7). 4.13 Circuit breaker, manually operated, capable of interrupting the maximum possible current obtainable from the battery set or batteries. NOTETesting personnel may add wiring to connect to the circuit breaker. It is important that any such additional wiring does
48、not limit the current. + 2 0 R U 0,1 - -= Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 02:12:15 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 7176-14:1997 BSI 04-19993 4.14 Means of supporting the wheelchair, such that it is secure, with all wheels lifted off the ground and free to rev
49、olve. 4.15 Means of detecting current flow with a timing function, capable of measuring the time for which current flows to an accuracy of 100 ms, and the time between the occurrence of an external event and the flow of current, described in 9.3.2, to an accuracy of 100 ms. NOTEThis is used to detect currents up to the maximum current delivered by the battery set under fault conditions. 5 Preparation of test wheelchair NOTEA more precisely defined set-up procedur