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1、DRAFT FOR DEVELOPMENT DD IEC/TS 60695-8-3:2008 Fire hazard testing Part 8-3: Heat release Heat release of insulating liquids used in electrotechnical products ICS 13.220.40; 29.020 ? Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 21/10/2008 04:02, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI DD IEC/TS 60695-8-3:2008 T
2、his Draft for Development was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2008 BSI 2008 ISBN 978 0 580 56465 9 National foreword This Draft for Development is the UK implementation of IEC/TS 60695-8-3:2008. This publication is not to be regarded as a Briti
3、sh Standard. It is being issued in the Draft for Development series of publications and is of a provisional nature. It should be applied on this provisional basis, so that information and experience of its practical application can be obtained. Comments arising from the use of this Draft for Develop
4、ment are requested so that UK experience can be reported to the international organization responsible for its conversion to an international standard. A review of this publication will be initiated not later than three years after its publication by the international organization so that a decision
5、 can be taken on its status. Notification of the start of the review period will be made in an announcement in the appropriate issue of Update Standards. According to the replies received by the end of the review period, the responsible BSI Committee will decide whether to support the conversion int
6、o an international Standard, to extend the life of the Technical Specification or to withdraw it. Comments should be sent to the Secretary of the responsible BSI Technical Committee at British Standards House, 389 Chiswick High Road, London W4 4AL. The UK participation in its preparation was entrust
7、ed to Technical Committee GEL/89, Fire hazard testing. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Amendm
8、ents/corrigenda issued since publication DateComments Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 21/10/2008 04:02, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI IEC/TS 60695-8-3 Edition 1.0 2008-04 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION Fire hazard testing Part 8-3: Heat release Heat release of insulating liquids used in electrot
9、echnical products DD IEC/TS 60695-8-3:2008 Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 21/10/2008 04:02, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI CONTENTS INTRODUCTION.3 1 Scope.4 2 Normative references .4 3 Terms and definitions .4 4 General description of the test7 5 Test apparatus .7 5.1 Cone calorimeter.7 5
10、.2 Test specimen tray7 5.3 Position of the test specimen tray8 6 Calibration8 7 Preparation of the test specimen 8 8 Test method .9 8.1 Critical ignition flux determination9 8.1.1 Introduction .9 8.1.2 Procedure9 8.2 Test procedure9 9 Calculation .9 10 Test report9 11 Precision data 10 Annex A (info
11、rmative) Precision data .11 Bibliography12 Figure 1 Example of test specimen tray .8 DD IEC/TS 60695-8-3:2008 2 Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 21/10/2008 04:02, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI INTRODUCTION In the design of any electrotechnical product, the risk of fire and the potential ha
12、zards associated with fire need to be considered. In this respect, the objective of component, circuit and equipment design, as well as the choice of materials, is to reduce to acceptable levels the potential risks of fire even in the event of foreseeable abnormal use, malfunction or failure. The fu
13、ture IEC 60695-1-10 1 1, together with its companion, the future IEC 60695-1-1 2, provide guidance on how this is to be accomplished. The primary aims are to prevent ignition caused by an electrically energized component part and, in the event of ignition, to confine any resulting fire within the bo
14、unds of the enclosure of the electrotechnical product. Secondary aims include the minimization of any flame spread beyond the products enclosure and the minimization of harmful effects of fire effluents including heat, smoke and toxic or corrosive combustion products. Fires involving electrotechnica
15、l products can also be initiated from external non-electrical sources. Considerations of this nature are dealt with in the overall risk assessment. Fires are responsible for creating hazards to life and property as a result of the generation of heat (thermal hazard), the production of toxic and/or c
16、orrosive compounds, and the obscuration of vision due to smoke. Fire risk increases as the heat released increases, possibly leading to a flash-over fire. One of the most important measurements in fire testing is the measurement of heat release, and it is used as an important factor in the determina
17、tion of fire hazard; it is also used as one of the parameters in fire safety engineering calculations. The measurement and use of heat release data, together with other fire test data, can be used to reduce the likelihood of (or the effects of) fire, even in the event of foreseeable abnormal use, ma
18、lfunction or failure of electrotechnical products. When a material is heated by some external source, fire effluent can be generated and can form a mixture with air which can ignite and initiate a fire. Some of the heat released in the process is carried away by the fire effluent-air mixture, some i
19、s radiatively lost, and some is transferred back to the material, to generate further pyrolysis products, thus continuing the process. Heat may also be transferred to other nearby products, which may burn and then release additional heat and fire effluent. The rate at which thermal energy is release
20、d in a fire is defined as the heat release rate. Heat release rate is important because of its influence on flame spread and on the initiation of secondary fires. Other characteristics are also important, such as ignitability, flame spread and the side-effects of the fire (see the IEC 60695 series).
21、 This technical specification, is based on the use of the cone calorimeter which is an instrument which measures heat release rate as well as other useful fire hazard parameters such as smoke production, ignition time and mass loss. The need for heat release data from the combustion of insulating li
22、quids is mentioned in IEC 60695-1-40 3. This technical specification provides a method for measuring the heat release from such materials and is also applicable to other combustible liquids. Guidance on the use of the cone calorimeter is given in ISO 5660-3 4 and in IEC 60695-8-2 5. _ 1 Figures in s
23、quare brackets refer to the bibliography. DD IEC/TS 60695-8-3:2008 3 Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 21/10/2008 04:02, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI FIRE HAZARD TESTING Part 8-3: Heat release Heat release of insulating liquids used in electrotechnical products 1 Scope IEC 60695-8-3, which
24、 is a technical specification, specifies quantitative test methods for determining the heat release from the combustion of insulating liquids of electrotechnical products when exposed to a defined heat flux with spark ignition. Smoke production, ignition times and mass loss are also measured. This t
25、echnical specification may also be applicable to other liquid test specimens. This technical specification is intended for use by technical committees in the preparation of standards in accordance with the principles laid down in IEC Guide 104 and in ISO/IEC Guide 51. One of the responsibilities of
26、a technical committee is, wherever applicable, to make use of basic safety publications in the preparation of its publications. The requirements, test methods or test conditions of this basic safety publication will not apply unless specifically referred to or included in the relevant publications.
27、HAZARD WARNING The testing of volatile liquids with this apparatus can lead to explosions so it is essential to examine all liquids using the preliminary testing procedure described in 8.1. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this docume
28、nt. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 60695-8-1, Fire hazard testing Part 8-1: Heat release General guidance ISO 5660-1:2002, Reaction-to-fire tests Heat release, smoke p
29、roduction and mass loss rate Part 1: Heat release rate (cone calorimeter method) ISO 5660-2:2002, Reaction-to-fire tests Heat release, smoke production and mass loss rate Part 2: Smoke production rate (dynamic measurement) ISO/IEC Guide 51:1999, Safety aspects Guidelines for their inclusion in stand
30、ards IEC Guide 104:1997, The preparation of safety publications and the use of basic safety publications and group safety publications 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. DD IEC/TS 60695-8-3:2008 4 Licensed CopyChinese University of H
31、ong Kong, 21/10/2008 04:02, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 3.1 combustion exothermic reaction of a substance with an oxidizer NOTE Combustion generally emits fire effluent accompanied by flames and/or visible light. ISO/IEC 13943, definition 23 7 3.2 critical ignition flux minimum heat flux, which is a
32、multiple of 5 kWm-2 and which with spark ignition causes a test specimen to ignite in less than 1 200 s 3.3 extinction coefficient of smoke natural logarithm of the opacity of smoke divided by the path length of the light used to measure the smoke opacity IEC 60695-4, definition 3.18 6 3.4 fire gene
33、ral process of combustion characterized by the emission of heat and fire effluent accompanied by smoke, and/or flame, and/or glowing 3.5 fire controlled self-supporting combustion which has been deliberately arranged to provide useful effects and which is controlled in its extent in time and space N
34、OTE In the English language the word “fire“ can have two meanings which translate into two different words in both French and German. ISO/IEC 13943, definition 40 7 3.6 fire uncontrolled self-supporting combustion which spreads uncontrolled in time and space ISO/IEC 13943, definition 41 7 3.7 fire e
35、ffluent totality of gases and/or aerosols (including suspended particles) created by combustion or pyrolysis ISO/IEC 13943, definition 45 7 3.8 fire hazard physical object or condition with a potential for an undesirable consequence from fire 3.9 fire safety engineering application of engineering me
36、thods based on scientific principles to the development or assessment of designs in the built environment through the analysis of specific fire scenarios or through the quantification of risk for a group of fire scenarios DD IEC/TS 60695-8-3:2008 5 Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 21/10
37、/2008 04:02, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 3.10 flame spread propagation of a flame front IEC 60695-4, definition 3.36 6 3.11 heat flux amount of thermal energy emitted, transmitted or received per unit area and unit time NOTE It is expressed in watts per square metre. 3.12 heat release thermal energy
38、produced by combustion NOTE The typical units are joules. 3.13 heat release rate rate of thermal energy production generated by combustion NOTE The typical units are watts. 3.14 ignition initiation of combustion NOTE The term “ignition” in French has a very different meaning (state of body combustio
39、n). ISO/IEC 13943, definition 96 7 3.15 mass loss rate mass of material lost per unit time under specified conditions NOTE It is expressed in kilograms per second. ISO/IEC 13943, definition 119 7 3.16 opacity (of smoke) the ratio (I/T) of incident luminous flux (I) to transmitted luminous flux (T) t
40、hrough smoke, under specified test conditions IEC 60695-4, definition 3.67 6 3.17 oxygen consumption principle proportional relationship between the mass of oxygen consumed during combustion and the heat released NOTE A value of 13,1 kJg-1 is commonly used. 3.18 pyrolysis chemical decomposition of a
41、 substance by the action of heat NOTE 1 The term is often used to refer to a stage of fire before flaming combustion has occurred. NOTE 2 In fire science no assumption is made about the presence or absence of oxygen. DD IEC/TS 60695-8-3:2008 6 Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 21/10/2008
42、 04:02, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 3.19 quantitative fire test fire test which takes into account the circumstances of product use on which the test conditions are based or to which they can be related, and which measures a parameter or parameters, expressed in well defined terms and using rational
43、scientific units, can be used in the quantitative assessment of fire risk NOTE Such a test is sometimes referred to as a “performance-based fire test”. 3.20 smoke a visible suspension of solid and/or liquid particles in gases resulting from combustion or pyrolysis IEC 60695-4, definition 3.79 6 3.21
44、 smoke production amount of smoke which is produced in a fire or fire test 3.22 smoke production rate amount of smoke produced per unit time in a fire or fire test NOTE 1 It is calculated as the product of the volumetric flow rate of smoke and the extinction coefficient of the smoke at the point of
45、measurement. NOTE 2 The typical units are m2s1. 4 General description of the test The test is performed to determine the heat release rate, total heat release, smoke production rate, total smoke production, time to ignition and mass loss rate of insulating liquids used in electrotechnical products w
46、hen exposed to specified heating conditions. For the purpose of the test, the test apparatus specified in ISO 5660-1 and ISO 5660-2 and additional equipment given in this standard shall be used. The liquid test specimen, contained in a test specimen tray, is heated by a heat flux radiated from a con
47、ical electric heater set above the test specimen tray, and an electrical spark is applied as an ignition source. The heat release rate is measured using the oxygen consumption technique. The smoke production rate is measured by a laser beam system installed in the exhaust duct of the test apparatus.
48、 A load cell records mass measurements. 5 Test apparatus 5.1 Cone calorimeter The test apparatus specified in ISO 5660-1 and ISO 5660-2 shall be used with the exception of the test specimen tray which is replaced by the test specimen tray described in 5.2. 5.2 Test specimen tray The test specimen tr
49、ay shall have the shape of a square pan with an opening of 100 mm 1 mm 100 mm 1 mm at the top and an inside depth of 15 mm 1 mm. It shall be made of stainless steel plate with a thickness of 2,15 mm 0,25 mm. It shall include a handle to facilitate insertion and removal, and shall include a mechanism to ensure the central location DD IEC/TS 60695-8-3:2008 7 Licensed