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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 6100-2.8: 1990 Incorporating Amendment No. 1 Glossary of Building and civil engineering terms Part 2: Civil engineering Section 2.8 Pipelines and ducts Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Dec 05 01:09:08 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 6100-2.8:1990 This
2、 British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Basic Data and Performance Criteria for Civil Engineering and Building Structures Standards Policy Committee, was published under the authority of the Board of BSI and comes into effect on 31 December 1990 BSI 03-1999 The following B
3、SI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference BDB/3 Draft for comment 89/13979 DC ISBN 0 580 19055 2 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Basic Data and Performance Criteria for Civil Engineering and B
4、uilding Structures Standards Policy Committee (BDB/-) to Technical Committee BDB/3, upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of Builders Hardware Manufacturers Association of Building Component Manufacturers Brick Development Association British Precast Concrete Federation Ltd.
5、British Standards Society Building Employers Confederation Building Services Research and Information Association Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers Concrete Society Contract Flooring Association Department of the Environment (Property Services Agency) Department of the Environment
6、 (Building Research Establishment) Department of the Environment (Construction Industries Directorate) Department of the Environment for Northern Ireland Federation of Civil Engineering Contractors Fibre Building Board Organisation (FIDOR) Gypsum Products Development Association Incorporated Associa
7、tion of Architects and Surveyors Institution of Civil Engineers Institution of Highways and Transportation Institution of Structural Engineers Institution of Water and Environmental Management National Council of Building Material Producers National Federation of Roofing Contractors National House-b
8、uilding Council Royal Institute of British Architects Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors Scottish Development Department Stone Federation Timber Trade Federation Water Companies Association Water Services Association of England and Wales The following bodies were also represented in the drafti
9、ng of the standard, through subcommittees and panels: British Gas plc Institute of Plumbing Institution of Environmental Health Officers National Association of Plumbing, Heating and Mechanical Services Contractors National Joint Utilities Group Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.Date of is
10、sueComments 7255August 1992Indicated by a sideline in the margin Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Dec 05 01:09:08 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 6100-2.8:1980 BSI 03-1999i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover Forewordii 280 1Base terms1 280 2Pipelines
11、controls1 280 3Pipelines jointing1 280 4Pipelines legal2 280 5Pipelines construction2 280 6Pipes3 280 7Pipelines processes and equipment4 280 8Pipelines characteristics, defects5 280 9Ducts5 Index7 Publication(s) referred toInside back cover Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Dec 05 01:
12、09:08 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 6100-2.8:1990 ii BSI 03-1999 Foreword This Section of Part 2 of BS 6100 has been prepared under the direction of the Basic Data and Performance Criteria for Civil Engineering and Building Structures Standards Policy Committee. This Section covers t
13、hat branch of civil engineering concerned with the planning, design and construction of pipelines and ducts. This Section of the glossary is intended to be complementary to BS 8010. The individual parts of that standard contain definitions which are appropriate to those individual parts, whereas thi
14、s Section of BS 6100 contains definitions of a wider application. This Section includes only a few terms concerning the jointing of pipes. Types of joints are also dealt with in BS 6100-1.5.2. A small number of terms are repeated from other Sections of BS 6100 for ease of reference. The general intr
15、oduction to, and explanation of, this glossary are given in Part 0 of BS 6100 which itemizes the Parts and Sections into which this glossary is divided and provides a general alphabetical index of all the terms in the Sections and Subsections already published. Those using individual Sections of thi
16、s glossary are urged to consult Part 0 when doing so. The other Sections of this Part are as follows: Section 2.1: Structural design and elements; Section 2.2: Substructures. Earthworks. Foundations. Tunnels; Section 2.3: Superstructures. Bridges. Large span structures; Section 2.4: Highway and rail
17、way engineering; Section 2.5: Hydraulic engineering and construction work; Section 2.6: Natural waters. Inland. Coastal. Marine; Section 2.7: Public health. Environmental engineering. Terms are listed alphabetically in the index and are referred to by numbers which are found against the term in the
18、body of the Section. There they are arranged in a classified order, each term having an individual number consisting of seven digits in two parts, the first of three digits the second of four. The first three digits represent the number of the Part, Section and Subsection (in this case, the third di
19、git is 0 as there is no subdivision into Subsections). The fourth digit represents the group of terms, the fifth digit represents the subgroup of terms and the last two digits represent the place within the subgroup. Alternative terms are given in medium type below the preferred terms with their sta
20、tus indicated, e.g. “deprecated”. These terms are not individually numbered, but are included in the index with a reference to the preferred term. Terms of more than one word, e.g. “trunk main” are written in a direct style, not as “main, trunk”. The inverted term is included in the index with a ref
21、erence to the direct term. Italicized words in definitions indicate terms that are defined elsewhere in this Section. NOTEThe titles of the publications referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back page. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a c
22、ontract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 8, an inside back
23、 cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Dec 05 01:09:08 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI B
24、S 6100-2.8:1990 BSI 03-19991 280 1 Base terms No.TermDefinition 280 1001 pipeCircular tube through which fluid can flow. 280 1002pipelineLong, continuous line of pipes, including ancillary equipment, used for transporting fluids 280 1003duct (1)Space formed for the passage of air, gases, cables, pip
25、es, etc. 280 1004duct (2)Component that forms a duct (1). 280 1005manhole (1)Chamber constructed on a drain, sewer or pipeline and with a removable cover, that permits entry of a person. 280 1006manhole (2)Opening fitted with a removable cover, that permits entry of a person to a pipeline or closed
26、vessel. 280 2 Pipelines controls 280 2001valve actuatorDevice, powered by air, gas, hydraulics, electricity or mechanical means, to operate a valve, often by remote control. 280 2002air valveValve for the release of air at a high point in a pipeline. 280 2003single orifice air valveAir valve with a
27、single chamber having either a small orifice or a large orifice. 280 2004.double orifice air valveAir valve having two chambers, one with a small orifice and one with a large orifice. 280 2005butterfly valveValve in which a streamlined disc pivots about a diametric axis. 280 2006excess flow valveVal
28、ve that closes automatically at a predetermined discharge. 280 2007flow regulating valveValve that maintains a set discharge independent of pressure. 280 2008needle valveValve for regulating the flow in or from a pipe, in which a slender cone moves along the axis of flow to close against a fixed con
29、ical seat. 280 2009pressure control valveValve that maintains a predetermined pressure of a fluid immediately upstream of its position in a pipeline. 280 2010non-return valveValve that prevents reversal of flow. 280 2011reflux valve non-return valve deprecated Non-return valve that is actuated by th
30、e flow. 280 2012.pressure relief valve safety valve deprecated Spring or weight loaded valve that automatically discharges to a safe place fluid that has built up to excessive pressure in pipes or fittings. 280 2013pressure reducing valveValve that reduces the pressure of a fluid immediately downstr
31、eam of its position in a pipeline to a preselected value or by a predetermined ratio. 280 3 Pipelines jointing 280 3001adaptorFitting used to connect pipes that have different outside diameters. 280 3002joint ringCircular seal, usually made of rubber, plastics or metal. 280 3003mechanical jointJoint
32、 that is formed by a mechanical means, rather than by welding or adhesion, and is usually capable of disconnection. 280 3004gland jointPipe joint that utilizes a metal ring to compress a joint ring. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Dec 05 01:09:08 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c
33、) BSI BS 6100-2.8:1990 2 BSI 03-1999 No.TermDefinition 280 3005pipe flangeProjecting flat rim on a pipe, fitting or vessel, for making a joint that is cast, screwed or welded. 280 3006blank flangeSolid disc for bolting to a pipe flange to close the end of a pipe, fitting or outlet of a vessel. 280 3
34、007puddle flangeProjecting flat rim around a pipe, positioned where the pipe passes through a water retaining structure, to assist in preventing the passage of liquid along the line of the pipe. 280 3008flange adaptorFitting placed over a spigot to provide a flanged connection. 280 3009split collarC
35、ollar formed in two pieces that are bolted together along the horizontal axis of a fitting. 280 3010anchored jointPipe joint that incorporates a method of withstanding longitudinal forces, often by means of bolts or toothed inserts. 280 3011underpressure connection hot tapping deprecated Method of c
36、utting into an existing pipe and joining on a branch or service connection without the need to cut off the flow. 280 4 Pipelines legal 280 4001easementLegally binding agreement granted by a landowner to the promoter, either in perpetuity or for a long term, which sets out the rights and obligations
37、of both parties (and the respective successors in title) in relation to the matter, but under which ownership of the land remains with the landowner. 280 4002wayleaveAgreement granted by a landowner to the promoter to execute works on the terms specified. 280 4003leaseLegally binding agreement betwe
38、en the landowner and the promoter whereby certain ownership rights are transferred to the promoter for a specified period. 280 4004subterranean leaseLease of a strip of subsoil just wide enough to contain the pipeline, the upper and lower limits of which are usually between 0.6 m and 10 m below surf
39、ace level. 280 4005promoterPerson or organization that seeks to install, operate and maintain a facility or utility under statutory powers. 280 4006statutory undertakerPerson or organization authorized by statute to provide, operate and maintain a utility, such as the supply of gas, water, electrici
40、ty, transport or telecommunications. 280 4007statutory noticeNotice issued by the promoter under an Act of Parliament that states the statutory powers that the promoter is, or will be, exercising. 280 5 Pipelines construction 280 5001bedding materialMaterial, on which a pipe is laid, to provide unif
41、orm support. 280 5002pipetrack (1)Strip of land below the surface of which a pipeline runs. 280 5003pipetrack (2)Line of supports on which pipelines are laid above ground within an industrial installation. 280 5004annular fillMaterial for filling the space between a carrier pipe and pipe sleeve. 280
42、 5005backfillMaterial used to fill an excavation. 280 5006surroundMaterial placed around and over the pipe to fill or partially fill the trench. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Dec 05 01:09:08 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 6100-2.8:1990 BSI 03-19993 No.TermDefinition
43、280 5007marker postPost that indicates the location of a buried pipeline, cable or duct. 280 5008aerial markerMarker post for a pipeline visible from the air. 280 5009anchor blockConcrete block that surrounds or is attached to a pipe to resist movement. 280 5010thrust blockAnchor block placed around
44、 or against the outside of a bend or junction or against an end cap. 280 5011pig trapDevice that allows entry to a pipeline for the launching and receiving of pigs. 280 5012closer pup deprecated Short make-up piece of pipe. 280 5013stringSeveral lengths of pipe that have been connected together prio
45、r to laying. 280 5014stoppleDevice that can be inserted into a pipe in such a way as to stop the flow. 280 5015night capTemporary closure at the end of a section of pipeline. 280 5016slug catcherVessel, installed at the end of a pipeline conveying well head gas with entrained liquids, to extract the
46、 liquids from the gas. 280 5017thermowellPocket, that protrudes into the fluid stream in a pipe, to house the sensor for a temperature measuring device. 280 5018working widthWidth of ground required for the construction of a pipeline. 280 5019pipe sleeveProtective pipe through which a carrier pipe o
47、r cable is passed later. 280 6 Pipes 280 6001trunk mainPrincipal water pipeline that feeds a distribution main or service reservoir. 280 6002distribution mainGas or water pipeline that distributes more than one service pipe. 280 6003gas feederPipeline that carries gas at a pressure higher than that
48、in the corresponding distribution main. 280 6004penstockPipeline that conveys water under pressure to a water turbine. 280 6005riserPipe, usually vertical, that connects a low level pipeline with equipment at a higher level. 280 6006bypassAlternative route for the flow of fluid from the upstream to
49、the downstream side of a piece of equipment. 280 6007crossingSection of a pipeline that crosses an obstruction such as a road, railway or watercourse. 280 6008sleeved crossingCrossing in which a pipeline is carried within a pipe sleeve. 280 6009pipe bridge (1)Self-supporting section of pipeline to cross over an obstruction such as a road, railway or watercourse. 280 6010pipe bridge (2)Bridge for one or more pipelines. 280 6011carrier pipePipe that contains the fluid to be transported. 280 6012sour service pipeline Pipeline for oil or gas that