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1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS 6100 Subsection 2.4.1
2、: 1992 Implementing Amendment No. 1 not published separately ICS 01.040.93; 0.80.01 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Glossary of Building and civil engineering terms Part 2. Civil engineering Section 2.4 Highway, railway and airport engineering Subsection 2.4.1
3、Highway engineering Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Dec 05 01:17:17 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 6100 : Subsection 2.4.1 : 1992Issue 2, February 1999 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Technical Committee B/500, was published under
4、 the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 September 1992 BSI 02-1999 First published May 1986 Section edition April 1990 Third edition September 1992 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference B/500 Draft for comment 91/15111 ISBN 0
5、580 20961 X Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateText affected 10242February 1999 indicated by a sideline in the margin Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Technical Sector Board for Building and Civil Engineering
6、(B/-) to Technical committee B/500, Basic data, upon which the following bodies were represented: Building Employers Confederation Consumer Policy Committee of BSI Convention of Scottish Local Authorities Department of Education and Science Department of the Environment Incorporated Association of A
7、rchitects and surveyors Meteorological Office National Building Specification Ltd. National Council of Building Material Producers National House-building Council Royal Institute of British Architects Society of Chief Architects of Local Authorities The following bodies were also represented in the
8、drafting of the standard, through subcommittee B/500/4, Terminology: Association of Builders Hardware Manufacturers Brick Development Association British Cement Association. British Waterways Board. Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers Clay Pipe Development Association Limited Depart
9、ment of the Environment (Property Services Agency) Department of Transport Federation of Civil Engineering Contractors Federation of Plastering and Drywall Contractors Glass and Glazing Federation Guild of Architectural Ironmongers Gypsum Products Development Association Institution of Civil Enginee
10、rs Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors Timber Trade Federation Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Dec 05 01:17:17 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Issue 2, February 1999BS 6100 : Subsection 2.4.1 : 1992 BSI 02-1999i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover F
11、orewordii Glossary 241 1Highway types1 241 2Components of the highway3 241 21 Main components3 241 22 Subsidiary components5 241 3Highway design6 241 31 Appraisal6 241 32 General layout9 241 33 Junction layout9 241 34 Design of pavements11 241 35 Types and design of structures12 241 4Highway geometr
12、y12 241 5Construction14 241 51 Materials14 241 52 Earthworks16 241 53 Drainage16 241 54 Pavement construction17 241 6Properties and tests18 241 61 Properties18 241 62 Tests19 241 7Traffic engineering19 241 71 Basic terms19 241 72 Behaviour21 241 73 Parking22 241 74 Road markings22 241 75 Traffic sig
13、nals23 Figures 1Highway components (diagrammatic)26 2Flexible pavement (diagrammatic)27 3Rigid pavement (diagrammatic)27 4Flexible composite pavement (diagrammatic)28 5Rigid composite pavement (diagrammatic)28 6Types of at grade junction (diagrammatic)29 7Roundabout (diagrammatic)29 8Types of grade-
14、separated junction (diagrammatic)30 9Types of mini roundabout (diagrammatic)32 10Types of rural at grade junction (diagrammatic)34 11Typical layout for right-turning traffic (diagrammatic)35 12Transition curve35 Index36 List of referencesInside back cover Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na,
15、Tue Dec 05 01:17:17 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ii BSI 02-1999 BS 6100 : Subsection 2.4.1 : 1992Issue 2, February 1999 Foreword This Subsection of Part 2 of BS 6100 has been prepared under the direction of Technical Committee B/500, Basic data and supersedes BS 6100 : Subsection 2.4.1
16、 : 1990, which is withdrawn. It covers that branch of civil engineering concerned with the planning, design, construction and maintenance of roads and the regulation of traffic on them. This edition introduces technical changes but it does not reflect a full review or revision of the standard, which
17、 will be undertaken in due course. A general introduction to an explanation of this glossary is given in Part 0 of BS 6100 which itemizes the Parts, Sections and Subsections into which this glossary is divided and provides a general alphabetical index of all the terms in the Sections and Subsections
18、 already published. Those using individual Sections and Subsections of this glossary are urged to consult Part 0 when doing so. The other Sections of this Part are as follows. 2.1 Structural design and elements 2.2 Substructures. Earthworks. Foundations. tunnels 2.3 Superstructures. Bridges. Large s
19、pan structures 2.5 Water engineering 2.6 Natural waters. Inland. Coastal. Marine 2.7 Public health. Environmental engineering 2.8 Pipelines. ducts The other Subsection of this Section is as follows. 2.4.2 Railway engineering 2.4.3 Airport engineering Terms are listed alphabetically in the index and
20、are referred to by numbers which are found against the term in the body of the Subsection. There they are arranged in a classified order, each term having an individual number consisting of seven digits in two parts, the first of three digits, the second of four. The first three digits represent the
21、 number of the Part, Section and Subsection. the fourth digit represents the group of terms, the fifth digit represents the subgroup of terms and the last two digits represent the place within the subgroup. Alternative terms are given in medium type below the preferred terms with their status indica
22、ted, e.g. deprecated, Scottish. These terms are not individually numbered but are included in the index with a reference to the preferred term. Terms of more than one word, e.g. peakhour clearway, are written in a direct style, not as clearway, peakhour, The inverted term is included in the index wi
23、th a reference to the direct term. It is to be noted that, while this Section deals with the more basic terms connected with civil engineering, many of the head terms relating to more specific aspects will occur only in the other, relevant Sections. Italicized words in definitions indicate terms tha
24、t are defined elsewhere in this Subsection. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligation
25、s. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 40, an inside back cover and a back cover. All pages are issue 2. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Dec 05 01:17:17 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Issue 2, February
26、1999BS 6100 : Subsection 2.4.1 : 1992 BSI 02-19991 No.TermDefinition 241 1 Highway types 241 1001highwayWay over which the public has the right to pass. The right may be restricted to specific classes of traffic. 241 1002road roadway deprecated Surfaced way mainly for vehicles. 241 1003streetRoad th
27、at is partly or wholly flanked by buildings established along one or both frontages, and which may not be a highway. 241 1004primary routeroute, consisting of roads other than motorways, that forms part of a national network of important through routes. It is signed in a distinctive manner. 241 1005
28、major roadRoad to which is assigned a permanent priority of traffic movement over that of other roads. 241 1006minor roadRoad that is assigned a lesser traffic value than that of a major road. 241 1007single track roadRoad used by traffic in both directions but of insufficient width to allow two veh
29、icles to pass except where it is widened to permit passing and overtaking. 241 1008private streetGenerally, a street or road (whether or not constituting a public right of way (1) provided mainly to give access to adjoining premises, and not maintained by the highway authority. 241 1009all-purpose r
30、oadRoad for the use of all classes of traffic. 241 1010dual carriageway road divided carriageway deprecated Road that has two separated carriageways for travel in opposite directions. 241 1011special roadAny road authorized by the appropriate Minister under Act of Parliament for use by prescribed cl
31、asses of traffic. 241 1012motorwayLimited access dual carriageway road not crossed on the same level by other traffic lanes, for the exclusive use of certain classes of motor vehicles. 241 1013trunk roadHighway designated as a trunk road under an Act of Parliament. 241 1014classified roadHighway cla
32、ssified by legislation according to its relative importance for through communication. 241 1015principal roadRoad designated principal road under the Highways Act 1980 and second in importance to a trunk road. 241 1016county road regional road Scotland Highway that is maintainable at the public expe
33、nse by the Council of an administrative county or region. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Dec 05 01:17:17 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 6100 : Subsection 2.4.1 : 1992Issue 2, February 1999 2 BSI 02-1999 No.TermDefinition 241 1017delegated roadIn England and Wales, a c
34、ounty road, the maintenance of which has been delegated to the Council of a borough or other county district under the Highways Act, 1959 and subsequent legislation. The administrative county remains the highway authority. 241 1018radial roadHighway that provides direct communication between the cen
35、tre of an urban area and the outer districts. 241 1019ring roadHighway in or around an urban area to enable traffic to avoid a town centre or a town. 241 1020distributor roadRoad in an urban area which caters for local, district and primary traffic movements. 241 1021bypass (1)Highway on the fringe
36、of a town or village, usually to enable through traffic to avoid congested areas or other obstructions to movement. 241 1022bypass (2)Way, usually gated, provided for pedestrians and animals to pass around a cattle grid. 241 1023relief roadHighway within a built-up area to enable traffic to avoid co
37、ngested areas or other obstructions to movement. 241 1024one-way streetRoad along which vehicular traffic may move in one direction only, except where special provision is made for public service vehicles or cycles to travel in the opposite direction. 241 1025diversion (1)Length of road built in sub
38、stitution for the whole or part of an existing highway. 241 1026diversion (2)Alternative route for traffic to avoid congestion, obstruction, or other hazard. 241 1027occupation roadPrivate road that a number of people are entitled to use by virtue of their occupation of land adjoining it, but which
39、the public at large are not entitled to use. 241 1028accommodation roadPrivate road that is provided by one party to accommodate an owner in the use of his own land in exchange for some concession; a road provided by a highway authority for the use of a landowner whose land had been severed. 241 102
40、9service roadSubsidiary road between and generally parallel to a more important road and properties serviced by it. 241 1030slip roadLength of one-way road at a junction that connects roads usually at different levels (see figure 8(c). 241 1031bridleway driftway, droveway, packway non-preferred brid
41、le path, bridle road deprecated Highway for use on foot, on horseback or leading a horse. There may be private rights for vehicular use or for driving animals. 241 1032footpathWay for pedestrians. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Dec 05 01:17:17 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c)
42、BSI BSI 02-19993 Issue 2, February 1999BS 6100 : Subsection 2.4.1 : 1992 | | | | | | No.TermDefinition 241 1033footway pavement deprecated That portion of a road reserved exclusively for pedestrians. 241 1034crossover (1)Part of a footway or verge crossed by a vehicular way to give access to land ad
43、jacent to a road. 241 1035crossover (2)Part of a central reserve paved for occasional use by vehicles. 241 1036pedestrian areaArea reserved for pedestrians, and only occasionally open to vehicular traffic for delivery, cleaning purposes or in emergency. 241 1037pedestrian streetArea where vehicular
44、traffic is prohibited during certain periods (e.g. pedestrian area during business hours with vehicular traffic outside these hours). 241 1038cycle trackWay or separate part of a road for use only by pedal cycles. 241 1039cycle landTraffic lane reserved for the use of pedal cycles. 241 1040bus laneT
45、raffic lane reserved for the use of buses or other authorized vehicles. 241 1041towpath towing path deprecated Road or way along the bank of a canal or waterway for towing or other services in connection with navigation. 241 1042causewayPaved way, often raised, that provides passage across land liab
46、le to be submerged. 241 1043clearwayTravelled way on which vehicles are not permitted to stop voluntarily. 241 1044peak hour clearwayTravelled way on which vehicles are not permitted to stop voluntarily during specified periods. 241 1045right of way (1)Right enjoyed by either particular persons or t
47、he general public of passing over land on foot, on or with animals, or in a vehicle. The right may be subject to conditions and restrictions of user by the grantor or derived from uninterrupted custom. 241 1046collector-distributorRoad approximately parallel to a major road that links junctions on t
48、he major road to the local road network. 241 2 Components of the highway 241 21 Main components 241 2101carriageway roadway deprecated That part of the road or highway constructed for use by vehicular traffic including auxiliary traffic lanes, passing places, lay-bys and bus bays (see figure 1). 241
49、 2102travelled wayPart of the carriageway that carries the through traffic. It excludes auxiliary traffic lanes, lay-bys and bus bays (see figure 1). 241 2103passing place passing bay deprecated Local widening of a narrow carriageway to enable vehicles to pass or overtake. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Dec 05 01:17:17 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 6100 : Subsection 2.4.1 : 1992Issue 2, February 1999 4 BSI 02-1999 | | | No.TermDefinition 241 2104weaving lengthLength of carriageway where weaving may take place. 241 2105traffic laneStrip