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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 5906:1980 Code of practice for Storage and on-site treatment of solid waste from buildings (Formerly CP 306-1) UDC 628.44:696.139 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Dec 01 13:56:49 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5906:1980 This British Standard, having
2、been prepared under the direction of the Building Services Standards Committee, was published under the authority of the Executive Board and comes into effect on 30 April 1980 BSI 09-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference SEB/21 Draft for comment 7
3、8/13236 DC ISBN 0 580 11294 2 Cooperating organizations The Building Services Standards Committee, under whose direction this British Standard was prepared, consists of representatives from the following Government departments and scientific and industrial organizations: Association of District Coun
4、cilsEnvironmental Health Officers Association* Bath Manufacturers Co-ordinating Greater London Council* CommitteeDepartment of the Environment British Gas CorporationEnvironmental Protection Group* British Ironfounders AssociationDepartment of the Environment Housing British Plastics Federationand C
5、onstruction* British Plumbing Employers CouncilHeating and Ventilating Contractors British Precast Concrete Federation Ltd.Association Builders Merchants FederationIncorporated Association of Architects and Building Services Research and Information Surveyors AssociationInstitute of Plumbing Charter
6、ed Institution of Building ServicesInstitution of Gas Engineers Clay Pipe Development Association LimitedInstitution of Municipal Engineers* Consumer Standards Advisory CommitteeInstitution of Public Health Engineers* of BSI*Institution of Structural Engineers Convention of Scottish Local Authoritie
7、sInstitution of Water Engineers and Council of British Ceramic Sanitaryware Scientists ManufacturersNational Brassfoundry Association Department of Health and Social SecurityNational Coal Board Department of the Environment Building National Federation of Building Trades Research EstablishmentEmploy
8、ers Department of the Environment Housing National Water Council and Construction*Royal Institute of British Architects* Department of the Environment Water Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors* Engineering Division including Water Data Royal Society of Health UnitScottish Development Department
9、* Department of the Environment (PSA)Trades Union Congress Domestic Solid Fuel Appliances Approval Water Companies Association Scheme The organizations marked with an asterisk in the above list, together with the following, were directly represented on the committee entrusted with the preparation of
10、 this British Standard: Association of County Public Health OfficersInstitution of Fire Engineers Institute of Housing ManagersThe Scottish Institute of Environmental Institute of Solid Wastes ManagementHealth Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.Date of issueComments Licensed Copy: sheffield
11、un sheffieldun, na, Fri Dec 01 13:56:49 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5906:1980 BSI 09-1999i Contents Page Cooperating organizationsInside front cover Forewordii 1Scope1 2References1 3Definitions1 4Initial consultation1 5Materials and components2 6General principles of the design of
12、facilities2 7Systems of waste storage, on-site treatment and collection3 8Choice of method of storage and collection of waste in various types of building3 9Chute systems5 10Waste storage chambers7 11Storage for bulky articles8 12Storage containers8 13Roads and approaches to buildings8 14Transportat
13、ion of containers8 15Hygiene8 Appendix A On-site treatment systems12 Figure 1 Section through a typical encased chute installation10 Figure 2 Section through a typical free-standing chute installation11 Table 1 Commercial waste4 Table 2 Output of waste per week4 Table 3 Compactors12 Table 4 Compacto
14、r containers13 Publications referred toInside back cover Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Dec 01 13:56:49 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5906:1980 ii BSI 09-1999 Foreword This standard has been prepared under the direction of the Building Services Standards Committee an
15、d supersedes CP 306-1, which is withdrawn. When CP 306-1 was published in 1972, it was intended to issue further Parts making recommendations for dealing with waste in non-residential buildings, excluding industrial premises. At that time it was hoped that a study of current practice in non-resident
16、ial buildings would be mounted and that its results would furnish the data for extending the code. Unfortunately this was not possible. In preparing this revision the opportunity has been taken to add new clauses based upon information that is now available on commercial buildings and to revise the
17、sections dealing with residential buildings. The only types of hospital waste dealt with in this code are those that are similar to household and commercial waste. It will be noted that the material with which the code is concerned is now designated “waste” rather than “refuse”. This terminology has
18、 been adopted so as to agree with that of the Control of Pollution Act 1974. As a result of experience gained, the requirements of convenience, hygiene, amenity, sound insulation and safety from fire risk, which are accepted as common practice, are incorporated in the methods described in this code.
19、 A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises
20、 a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 14, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: sheffield
21、un sheffieldun, na, Fri Dec 01 13:56:49 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5906:1980 BSI 09-19991 1 Scope This British Standard gives recommendations for methods of storage and on-site treatment of solid waste from residential and commercial buildings and hospitals, with the exception of
22、medical waste, and lays down recommended practices of collection and good hygiene. 2 References The titles of the publications referred to in this code are listed on the inside back cover. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this British Standard, the following definitions apply. 3.1 baler a device th
23、at compresses waste into a mould to form bales, which may be self-supporting or retained in shape by wire ties or strappings 3.2 bulk waste storage container a movable container for storing waste and having a capacity of between 1 m3 and 30 m3 3.3 chute a ventilated, essentially vertical pipe passin
24、g from floor to floor of a building with openings as required to connect with hoppers, and normally terminating at its lower end at the roof of the waste storage chamber 3.4 communal waste storage container a movable receptacle, normally situated within the storage chamber, into which the waste is d
25、ischarged and having a capacity of between 0.75 m3 and 1 m3 (See BS 1136 and BS 3495.) 3.5 compactor a machine for compressing waste into disposable or reusable containers 3.6 compacted waste container a strengthened interchangeable container into which controlled waste is packed under compression b
26、y means of a compactor and generally designed for handling by a specially equipped vehicle (See BS 5832.) 3.7 hopper a fitting into which waste is placed and from which it passes into a chute or directly into a waste container. It consists of a fixed frame and hood unit (the frame) and a hinged or p
27、ivoted combined door and receiving unit (the door) 3.8 individual waste container a container having a capacity of not more than 0.12 m3 in which waste is stored awaiting collection, e.g. a dustbin fitted with a loose or captive lid in galvanized steel, metal or plastics; or disposable sack 3.9 shre
28、dder a machine for reducing waste into smaller pieces. The particles may be of any size between 25 mm and 150 mm, depending on the design of the machine 3.10 waste storage chamber a compartment for one or more waste containers into which waste is discharged. The chamber may also house plant, such as
29、 a compactor, for the treatment of waste before collection 4 Initial consultation At an early stage of design it is essential that agreement be reached between the designers and the appropriate authorities, particularly upon the following points. a) The methods of storage, on-site treatment and coll
30、ection of waste to be used for the form of layout and building density adopted. b) The location of waste storage and treatment areas to be provided and means of access to them for waste collection, staff and vehicles. c) The storage capacity to be provided with allowance for the frequency of collect
31、ion, the volume and nature of waste expected and the size and type of containers to be used. d) The responsibility for cleansing and maintenance of storage facilities. e) Environmental aspects, e.g. air pollution and noise control. f) The discharge of waste into sewers. g) Means of escape and fire-f
32、ighting arrangements in waste storage and collection areas. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Dec 01 13:56:49 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5906:1980 2 BSI 09-1999 5 Materials and components All installations, materials, components and methods of testing should comply w
33、ith the relevant British Standards where applicable, including the following: BS 65 and BS 540, Clay drain and sewer pipes including surface water pipes and fittings. BS 416, Cast-iron spigot and socket soil, waste and ventilating pipes (sand cast and spun) and fittings. BS 556, Concrete cylindrical
34、 pipes and fittings including manholes, inspection chambers and street gullies. BS 729, Hot dip galvanized coatings on iron and steel articles. BS 792, Mild steel dustbins. BS 1136, Mild steel refuse storage containers. BS 1449, Steel plate, sheet and strip. BS 1577, Mild steel refuse or food waste
35、containers. BS 1703, Specification for refuse chutes and hoppers. BS 3107, Small incinerators. BS 3316, Large incinerators for the destruction of hospital waste. BS 3495, Aluminium refuse storage containers. BS 3654, Galvanized steel dustbins for dustless emptying. BS 3813, Incinerators for waste fr
36、om trade and residential premises Part1: Capacities between 50 lb/h and 1 000 lb/h. BS 4998 Moulded plastics dustbins BS 5832, Specification for compacted waste containers for lift-off type vehicles. 6 General principles of the design of facilities 6.1 General. Facilities for handling waste should p
37、rovide adequate storage and, where appropriate, space for on-site treatment plant, combined with the maximum convenience for the occupier and waste collector and the highest practical standard of hygiene, amenity, safety from fire risk and smoke and sound insulation. Household waste contains a consi
38、derable proportion of salvageable materials and the element in commercial waste can be even higher. Salvageable materials contribute substantially to the quantity of waste and hence the total disposal costs. Salvageable materials are a national resource and their recovery is likely to be a necessity
39、 within the coming decades. In any building development now being planned, suitable provision should be made in physical terms for the separation and storage of selected material. Before consideration is given to storage capacity for salvageable materials, the local authority should be consulted. To
40、 provide adequate storage, it is necessary first to know the volume and nature of the waste that will be produced and the frequency of collection. Statistics on rates of production of waste and the nature of waste are given in 6.2 and 6.3 for household and commercial waste. These values should be us
41、ed as a guide only and an allowance should be made for non-standard conditions, for instance dwellings with below average occupancy, such as old peoples flats and maisonettes. 6.2 Household waste. Current statistics do not support the general view that the mass of waste produced weekly by each dwell
42、ing is increasing whereas the bulk density of household waste is decreasing. It is important, however, that design should be based on figures obtained in the area concerned. Over the period 1969 to 1976 there is no discernible trend in the variation in bulk density of household waste. In these circu
43、mstances the best estimate of output per dwelling is 12 1.2 kg per week at a bulk density of 133 13.3 kg/m3. 6.3 Commercial waste. There are little data available on the quantity and nature of trade waste. The results of a survey made by the Building Research Establishment during the period 1969 to
44、1970 are given in Table 1 and Table 2 and may serve as a basis for preliminary estimating. Detailed values required for designing large scale facilities should be sought from comparisons with similar situations in the neighbourhood of the new development and from discussion with the appropriate depa
45、rtment of the local authority or contractors. 6.4 Hospital waste. The only types of hospital waste dealt with in this code are those types that are similar to household and commercial waste; other types of hospital waste will be defined in Regulations to be made shortly under provisions in the Contr
46、ol of Pollution Act 1974, and advice on dealing with them will be included in a code of practice to be promulgated jointly by the Department of Health and Social Security and the Department of the Environment. Expert advice should be sought about the amounts produced from different types of hospital
47、s. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Dec 01 13:56:49 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5906:1980 BSI 09-19993 7 Systems of waste storage, on-site treatment and collection 7.1 General. Waste may be stored in a variety of container types to await direct collection, or subject
48、ed to some form of on-site treatment designed to reduce the volume of stored material and hence the frequency of collection required. Collection systems whereby waste is removed from the vicinity of the point of generation and transported to a central assembly point through pipelines are available.
49、Systems for the handling of waste may be classified as in 7.2. 7.2 Classification of systems for the handling of waste 7.2.1 Simple storage and direct collection a) Individual waste storage containers. b) Communal waste storage containers. c) Communal waste storage containers with chutes. d) Bulk waste storage containers. 7.2.2 On-site treatment of waste before collection a) Volume reduction systems. 1) Compaction. 2) Shredding and crushing. 3) Baling. b) Incineration. 7.2.3 Pipeline collection systems a) Pneumatic. 1) Large bore. 2) Small bore. b) W