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1、 Reference number ISO 16840-3:2006(E) ISO 2006 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16840-3 First edition 2006-07-01 Wheelchair seating Part 3: Determination of static, impact and repetitive load strengths for postural support devices Siges de fauteuils roulants Partie 3: Dtermination des efforts statiques, d
2、impact et cycliques pour les dispositifs de maintien de la posture Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/16/2007 09:04:22 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-
3、,- ISO 16840-3:2006(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
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6、ess given below. ISO 2006 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs
7、 member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2006 All rights reserved Copyright International Organization for Standardization
8、Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/16/2007 09:04:22 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 16840-3:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative ref
9、erences. 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Test apparatus 3 5 Failure modes 9 6 Preparation of PSD for testing 10 7 Test methods for static strength of PSDs 10 7.1 Preparation 10 7.2 Test procedure 11 7.3 Load application . 11 7.4 Lateral and medial support surface test methods 11 7.4.1 Lateral support
10、s: outward lateral forces 12 7.4.2 Lateral supports: inward lateral forces 12 7.4.3 Medial knee supports: inward forces . 13 7.5 Anterior pelvic support and anterior trunk support: anterior forces 13 7.6 Head support: posterior forces. 15 7.7 Back support: posterior force . 15 7.8 Back support: ante
11、rior forces . 16 7.9 Arm supports, integral: downward forces . 17 7.10 Foot supports, integral: downward forces. 17 8 Test methods for impact strength. 17 8.1 Preparation 17 8.2 Test procedure 17 8.3 Back support resistance: posterior impact . 17 8.4 Head support resistance: posterior impact . 18 8.
12、5 Foot supports: impact for PSDs with integral foot supports. 19 8.6 Seat surface: impact. 19 9 Test methods for repetitive load . 20 9.1 Preparation 20 9.2 Test procedure 20 9.3 Seat surface: repetitive load testing. 20 9.4 Back support: repetitive load 21 9.5 Anterior pelvic support and anterior t
13、runk support: repetitive load. 21 10 Test report . 22 11 Disclosure requirement 23 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/16/2007 09:04:22 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without lice
14、nse from IHS -,-,- ISO 16840-3:2006(E) iv ISO 2006 All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO techn
15、ical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
16、with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft In
17、ternational Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document
18、may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 16840-3 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 173, Assistive products for persons with disability, Subcommittee SC 1, Wheelchairs. ISO 16840 consists of the following parts,
19、 under the general title Wheelchair seating: Part 1: Vocabulary, reference axis convention and measures for body segments, posture and postural support surfaces Part 2: Determination of physical and mechanical characteristics of devices intended to manage tissue integrity Seat cushions Part 3: Deter
20、mination of static, impact and repetitive load strengths for postural support devices The following parts are under preparation: Part 4: Seating systems for use in motor vehicles Part 5: Determination of pressure relief characteristics of seat cushions intended to manage tissue integrity Copyright I
21、nternational Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/16/2007 09:04:22 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 16840-3:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved v Introduction Postural su
22、pport devices (PSD), constructed as additional components to wheelchair seating or as wheelchair seating in its own right, are widely available and used extensively by people with disabilities. The selection or prescription of the most appropriate PSD should be, where appropriate, partially dependen
23、t on knowledge of its ability to withstand static, impact and repeated loads. This part of ISO 16840 is intended to specify test methods to provide this information. The tests involve mounting the PSD on rigid test fixtures to simulate mounting on a wheelchair. Forces are then applied to simulate st
24、atic loads encountered during normal use. Impact and repeated loads are also applied to simulate normal usage. The rigid test fixture is utilized to provide a worst-case situation, which is repeatable and avoids destroying multiple wheelchairs during testing. There is no minimum performance requirem
25、ent currently specified in this part of ISO 16840. Usually tests are performed at increasing force until one or more failures occur. Repeated load tests are performed at a specific force until one or more failures occur. It is not required to test beyond a noted number of cycles. Copyright Internati
26、onal Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/16/2007 09:04:22 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under lice
27、nse with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/16/2007 09:04:22 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16840-3:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved 1 Wheelchair seating Part 3: Determination of static, impact and repetitive
28、 load strengths for postural support devices 1 Scope This part of ISO 16840 specifies test methods for the determination of static, impact and repetitive load strengths as well as disclosure requirements for postural support devices (PSD) with associated attachment hardware intended for use with whe
29、elchairs. This part of ISO 16840 does not test the transportability or the use of the PSD in a motor vehicle. NOTE At the present time there are no minimum or maximum strength requirements specified in the test procedures for testing for PSDs. In the future, minimum or maximum loads for testing migh
30、t be specified for testing on a pass/fail basis. The maximum displacement, the maximum force achieved before failure and the type of failure that occurs is disclosed for comparison purposes. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this docum
31、ent. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 554:1976, Standard atmospheres for conditioning and/or testing Specifications ISO 898-7, Mechanical properties of fasteners Part 7:
32、 Torsional test and minimum torques for bolts and screws with nominal diameters 1 mm to 10 mm ISO 7176-8:1998, Wheelchairs Part 8: Requirements and test methods for static, impact and fatigue strengths ISO 7176-15, Wheelchairs Part 15: Requirements for information disclosure, documentation and label
33、ling ISO 7176-26, Wheelchairs Part 26: Vocabulary ISO 16840-2, Wheelchair seating Part 2: Determination of physical and mechanical characteristics of devices intended to manage tissue integrity Seat cushions 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given i
34、n ISO 7176-26 and the following apply. 3.1 elastic attachment hardware hardware that allows a PSD to move when a force is applied and returns to its original position when the force is removed EXAMPLE A PSD designed with a spring that allows movement. Copyright International Organization for Standar
35、dization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/16/2007 09:04:22 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 16840-3:2006(E) 2 ISO 2006 All rights reserved 3.2 deformable support surface support surface which conforms
36、 to the shape of the body part being supported NOTE The surface might or might not return to its original shape but remains conformable over time. EXAMPLE Foam or fluid seat supports are examples of deformable support surfaces. 3.3 passive support surface PSD that moves with minimal resistance to fo
37、llow the body part being supported NOTE Passive support surfaces do not necessarily move back to a specific position. EXAMPLE A mobile arm support is a passive support surface that allows movement with minimal resistance. 3.4 active support surface PSD that is powered to change its position or suppo
38、rt surface shape EXAMPLE An alternating pressure seat support or an electronically operated back support surface that reclines. 3.5 continuous lateral support support surface which has a depth that extends a minimum of 75 mm forward/upward of its uncompressed adjacent support surface and has an angl
39、e between the adjacent support surface and the lateral support which is less than or equal to 120 See Figure 1. NOTE 1 Figure 2 shows a support with a contoured surface that is not considered to be a lateral support. NOTE 2 If there are difficulties in establishing the location of the adjacent suppo
40、rt surface, use the reference planes as specified in ISO 7176-26. Dimensions in millimetres Figure 1 Cross-section of a support surface with continuous lateral support Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not fo
41、r Resale, 04/16/2007 09:04:22 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 16840-3:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved 3 Dimensions in millimetres Figure 2 Cross-section of a support surface with a contour not considered a lateral support 3.6 discontinuous lateral s
42、upport lateral support which is separate from the adjacent support surface See Figure 3. Figure 3 Example of a lateral support discontinuous with the adjacent support surface 3.7 anchor point intended attachment point or points of any PSD 4 Test apparatus 4.1 Rigid test fixtures, for securing or pos
43、itioning PSDs during testing as specified below. 4.1.1 Adjustable rigid test frame, for simulating the tubes of a wheelchair frame, typically used to attach the sling seat or sling back, which allows the full range of angle adjustment of PSD attachment hardware. The outside dimensions between the ad
44、justable rigid components of the test frame should be adjustable from 280 mm 30 mm to 580 mm 30 mm. An informative example of an adjustable rigid test frame is shown in Figure 4. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/998075
45、5100 Not for Resale, 04/16/2007 09:04:22 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 16840-3:2006(E) 4 ISO 2006 All rights reserved Figure 4 Example of an adjustable rigid test frame 4.1.2 Rigid surrogate support surface, of securing attachment hardware for PSDs int
46、ended to be used with rigid flat support surfaces but which are provided without rigid flat support surfaces. An example of a rigid surrogate support surface is shown in Figure 5. Holes may be drilled or other modifications made to accommodate the mounting of a variety of attachment hardware. Key 1
47、plywood 2 steel Figure 5 Example of rigid surrogate support surface for testing attachment hardware 4.2 Surrogate attachment hardware, to secure PSDs, intended for use with attachment hardware, but provided without attachment hardware. Surrogate attachment hardware allows the attachment of PSDs to a
48、 rigid test fixture. An informative example of surrogate attachment hardware is shown in Figure 6. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/16/2007 09:04:22 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 16840-3:2006(E) ISO 2006