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1、倒 装 句,Inversion,英语句子的语序 自然语序: 主语 + 谓语动词 倒装结构: 谓语动词的全部或一部分放在主语之前 * I saw Mary yesterday. Did you see her? * Only in this way can we solve the problem. * Round the corner came a car.,倒装句分为两种： Complete inversion 整个谓语放在主语之前，叫完全倒装。 There is a table in the room. Here comes the bus. Partial inversion 部分谓语（
2、情态动词、助动词、连系动词） 在主语之前，谓语的主体部分仍在主语之后， 叫部分倒装。 Why did you do it like that? Never shall I forget it.,完全倒装 (一).用于地点副词here, there,方位副词out, in, up, down, on, away, off及时间副词now, then等开头的句子里。 There goes the bell. Look! Here they come. 这种倒装要求：主语必须是名词。主语是人称代词时，主语和谓语语序不变。 Here it is. Away he went. 这类倒装句式一般只用一般现
3、在时和一般过去时。 Here comes the bus. Out rushed the boys.,(二).当表示地点的介词短语放句首时。注意：谓语多为be, lie, sit, stand, come, walk等不及物动词；倒装时不需要助动词;有时也跟exist, remain, seem to be, happen to be, used to be, ought to be, must be, cant be 等词组。 Under the table are three white cats. In front of the tower flows a stream. There r
4、emains the problem. There existed a cruel king in the country. Under a big tree _, half asleep. A. did sat a fat man B. a fat man sat C. did a fat man sat D. sat a fat man,(三)there放在句首时，要用倒装句式。 在“there + be”结构中的谓语动词有时不用be, 而用表示类似“存在”的其他不及物动词。如：live, stand, come, lie, flow, enter, rise 和appear等。 Ther
5、e came shouts for help from the river. There lies a large wheat field in front of the house. Many years ago there lived an old man in the wooden house.,(四).表语置于句首时，倒装结构为“表语+系动词+主语“。 (1)形容词+系动词+主语 Present at the meeting was Mr. Green, a headmaster. (2)过去分词+系动词+主语 Hidden behind the door were some naug
6、hty children. Gone forever are the days when the Chinese people had to use foreign oil. (3)介词短语+系动词+主语 In front of the playground is a newly-built house.,部分倒装 (一). only所修饰状语（副词，介词短语或状语从句）放在句首时，要用： only+ 状语+ be /助动词/情态动词+主语及其他 Only when he told me the news did I know what had happened. Only in this w
7、ay can you make progress in your English. 注意：only修饰主语时，不需要倒装。 1.Only in this way _to make improvement in the operating system. A. you can hope B. you did hope C. can you hope D. did you hope,(二).含有否定意义的副词或连词放在句首时。 如：never, little, seldom, not, not only, not until, no sooner (than), hardly (when), ra
8、rely, scarcely, in no way, by no means, in no case, at no time, under/in no circumstances.等。 We seldom get up at four in the morning. = Seldom do we get up at four in the morning. Rarely have I heard of such a silly thing. At no time have the issue been laid so much emphasis on. In no case will I ta
9、lk about it with him again.,(1) 一就 Hardly Scarcely + 倒装句式 +when+ 陈述句式 Barely （过去完成时） （过去时态） No sooner+ 倒装句式 + than + 陈述句式 (过去完成时) (过去时态) Hardly had he arrived at the station when the train began to leave. No sooner had she gone out than the telephone rang.,(2)not only+倒装句式+but also 陈述句形式 Not only di
10、d he work faster, but he worked better also. Not only did I know her, but I was her best friend. (3) not until 直到才 Not until the teacher came in did he finish his work. 注: 前面的从句不倒装, 后面的主句应采用部分倒装,1. I finally got the work I dreamed about. Never in all my life_ so happy! A. did I feel B. I felt C. I h
11、ad felt D. had I felt 2. Not until I began to work _how much time I had wasted. A. didnt I realize B. did I realize C. I didnt realize D. I realized 3No sooner_ than it began to rain heavily. A. the game began B. has the game begun C. did the game begin D. had the game begun,(三).在sothat, suchthat句型中
12、，若把so, such引导的结构放在句首时。 So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch. Such a fierce dog did he have that we had to wait before we could get in. So difficult _it to live in an English-speaking country that I was determined to learn English well. A. Ive felt B have I felt C. I did feel D.
13、did I feel,(四).把副词so放在句首，表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人或物。 I like reading English, so does he. (五).把neither, nor放在句首，表示前面的否定内容也适用于另一个人或物。 If you dont go, neither will I. But: He said he would go there, and he did so. -I dont think I can walk any further. -_, lets stop here for a rest. A. Neither and I B. Neither
14、 can I C. I dont think so D. I think so,(六)用于形容词/副词/名词/动词+as (though)引导的让步状语从句中。 Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily. 注意：当表语为名词时，则名词前不加任何冠词；主谓并不倒装。 Child as he is, he knows a lot. _, I have never seen anyone whos as capable as John. A. As long as I have traveled B.
15、 Now that I have traveled so much C. Much as I have traveled D. As I have traveled so much,练习:,1. Not a single song _ at yesterdays party. (上海2000) A. she sang B. sang she C. did she sing D. she did sing 2. So difficult _ it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English w
16、ell. (2001上海) A. I have felt B. have I felt C. I did feel D. did I feel 3. Of the making of good books there is no end; neither _ any end to their influence on mans lives. (2004广州) A. there is B. there are C. is there D. are there,C,D,C,4. _ snacks and drinks, but they also brought cats for entertai
17、nment when they had a picnic in the forest. (2004) A. Not only they brought B. Not only did they bring C. Not only brought they D. Not only they did bring 5. I failed in the final examination last term and only then _ the importance of studies. (2004) A. I realized B. I had realized C. had I realize
18、d D. did I realize,B,D,6. _ can you expect to get a pay rise. (2001) A. With hard work B. Although work hard C. Only with hard work D. Now that he works hard 7. I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in all my life _ so happy! (2000) A. did I feel B. I felt C. I had felt D. had I felt,C,D,A 1.
19、 No, I havent. Neither/ Nor have I. 2. No, I didnt. Neither/ Nor did I. 3. yes, I would like to. So would I. 4. No, I wont. Neither/ Nor will I.,5. Yes, I do. So do I. 6. No, I dont. Neither/ Nor do I. 7. Yes, I have. So have I.,B. 2. Rarely do we think about what beauty really means. 3. Only yester
20、day did she notice that she was getting fat. 4. Rarely do I go to the gym. 5. Never have I heard such a beautiful song. 6. Only then did they understand what the teacher meant.,C1. 2. In front of the girl are many candles. 3. Along the river are some houses. 4. On the table is a colourful cup. 5. Beyond that mountain is another city.,C2. 2. Along the road came some students wearing bright uniforms. 3. On the table is a big piece of chocolate. 4. Under the tree was a beautiful red car. 5. There goes your brother. 6. In the hairdressing salon sat an old woman with white hair.,The End,