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1、OracleOracleOracleOracle 10g10g10g10g RACRACRACRAC 在虚拟机上的在虚拟机上的安装、升级安装、升级、应、应 用关键补丁用关键补丁学习总结学习总结文档文档 作者：lnwxzyp 目录目录 ORACLEORACLEORACLEORACLE 10G10G10G10G RACRACRACRAC 在虚拟机上的在虚拟机上的安装、升级安装、升级、应用关键补丁学习总结、应用关键补丁学习总结文档文档1 1 1 1 一、一、一、一、 使用的软件及其版本：使用的软件及其版本：2 2 2 2 二、二、二、二、 安装前的准备：安装前的准备：2 2 2 2 三、三、三、三、
2、 安装前的规划：安装前的规划：2 2 2 2 四、四、四、四、 安装安装 LINUXLINUXLINUXLINUX： 4 4 4 4 五、五、五、五、 操作系统环境配置：操作系统环境配置：47474747 1.1. 修改修改 FTPFTP 设置设置47474747 2.2. 上传相关所需的安装软件上传相关所需的安装软件48484848 3.3. 创建创建 ORACLEORACLE 用户用户49494949 4.4. 安装所需的包安装所需的包49494949 5.5. 配置配置 LINUXLINUX 相关环境相关环境50505050 6.6. 创建安装目录及环境变量创建安装目录及环境变量5151
3、5151 7.7. 为虚拟主机增加共享磁盘为虚拟主机增加共享磁盘52525252 8.8. 格式化新增硬盘分区格式化新增硬盘分区53535353 9.9. 克隆第二台虚拟主机克隆第二台虚拟主机57575757 10.10. 配置密钥对和主机互通配置密钥对和主机互通59595959 六、六、六、六、 安装安装 CLUSTERWARECLUSTERWARECLUSTERWARECLUSTERWARE60606060 七、七、七、七、 安装数据库软件安装数据库软件92929292 八、八、八、八、 安装升级补丁安装升级补丁102102102102 九、九、九、九、 解决解决 10204 then i
4、f $SHELL = “/bin/ksh“ ; then ulimit -p 16384 ulimit -n 65536 else ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 fi fi 6.6. 创建安装目录及环境变量创建安装目录及环境变量 # mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1 # mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/crs_1 # chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01 # chmod -R 775 /u01/ 登录到 oracle 用户并编辑/.bash_prof
5、ile： # su oracle $ vi /.bash_profile # Oracle Settings PS1=whoamihostname -s $PWD export PS1 TMP=/tmp; export TMP TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR ORACLE_HOSTNAME=rac1; export ORACLE_HOSTNAME ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME O
6、RA_CRS_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/crs_1; export ORA_CRS_HOME ORACLE_SID=demo1; export ORACLE_SID ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH CLASSPATH=$OR
7、ACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH if $USER = “oracle“ ; then if $SHELL = “/bin/ksh“ ; then ulimit -p 16384 ulimit -n 65536 else ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 fi fi umask 022 设置让.bash_profile 生效 $ source .bash_profile 将上传的 oracle 安装文件权限授予 oracle 用户 # cd /root # chow
8、n oracle:dba *.zip # mv *.z* /home/oracle/ # su oracle $ gunzip 10201_clusterware_linux_x86_64.cpio.gz $ cpio -idmv /.ssh/authorized_keys $ cat /.ssh/id_dsa.pub /.ssh/authorized_keys $ ssh rac2 cat /.ssh/id_rsa.pub /.ssh/authorized_keys $ ssh rac2 cat /.ssh/id_dsa.pub /.ssh/authorized_keys $ scp /.s
9、sh/authorized_keys rac2:/.ssh/authorized_keys 在 rac1 和 rac2 分别执行以下命令看是否还需要密码，如果还需要密码的话删除.ssh 重新配置 $ ssh rac1 date $ ssh rac2 date $ ssh rac1-priv date $ ssh rac2-priv date 六、六、六、六、安装安装安装安装 clusterwareclusterwareclusterwareclusterware 在 rac1 oracle 用户下执行以下命令进行安装 clusterware 前的验证，验证的 sh 文件位于你解压 的 clus
10、terware 文件当中 $ /home/oracle/clusterware/cluvfy/runcluvfy.sh stage -pre crsinst -n rac1,rac2 -verbose Performing pre-checks for cluster services setup Checking node reachability. Check: Node reachability from node “rac1“ Destination NodeReachable? - rac2yes rac1yes Result: Node reachability check pas
11、sed from node “rac1“. Checking user equivalence. Check: User equivalence for user “oracle“ Node NameComment - rac2passed rac1passed Result: User equivalence check passed for user “oracle“. Checking administrative privileges. Check: Existence of user “oracle“ Node NameUser ExistsComment - rac2yespass
12、ed rac1yespassed Result: User existence check passed for “oracle“. Check: Existence of group “oinstall“ Node NameStatusGroup ID - rac2exists500 rac1exists500 Result: Group existence check passed for “oinstall“. Check: Membership of user “oracle“ in group “oinstall“ as Primary Node NameUser ExistsGro
13、up ExistsUser in GroupPrimaryComment - - rac2yesyesyesyespassed rac1yesyesyesyespassed Result: Membership check for user “oracle“ in group “oinstall“ as Primary passed. Administrative privileges check passed. Checking node connectivity. Interface information for node “rac2“ Interface NameIP AddressS
14、ubnet - eth0192.168.10.102192.168.10.0 eth1192.168.56.102192.168.56.0 Interface information for node “rac1“ Interface NameIP AddressSubnet - eth0192.168.10.101192.168.10.0 eth1192.168.56.101192.168.56.0 Check: Node connectivity of subnet “192.168.10.0“ SourceDestinationConnected? - rac2:eth0rac1:eth
15、0yes Result: Node connectivity check passed for subnet “192.168.10.0“ with node(s) rac2,rac1. Check: Node connectivity of subnet “192.168.56.0“ SourceDestinationConnected? - rac2:eth1rac1:eth1yes Result: Node connectivity check passed for subnet “192.168.56.0“ with node(s) rac2,rac1. Suitable interf
16、aces for the private interconnect on subnet “192.168.10.0“: rac2 eth0:192.168.10.102 rac1 eth0:192.168.10.101 Suitable interfaces for the private interconnect on subnet “192.168.56.0“: rac2 eth1:192.168.56.102 rac1 eth1:192.168.56.101 ERROR: Could not find a suitable set of interfaces for VIPs. Resu
17、lt: Node connectivity check failed. Checking system requirements for crs. Check: Total memory Node NameAvailableRequiredComment - rac21010.85MB (1035108KB)512MB (524288KB)passed rac11010.85MB (1035108KB)512MB (524288KB)passed Result: Total memory check passed. Check: Free disk space in “/tmp“ dir No
18、de NameAvailableRequiredComment - rac214.12GB (14807500KB)400MB (409600KB)passed rac112.21GB (12801716KB)400MB (409600KB)passed Result: Free disk space check passed. Check: Swap space Node NameAvailableRequiredComment - rac22GB (2096472KB)1GB (1048576KB)passed rac12GB (2096472KB)1GB (1048576KB)passe
19、d Result: Swap space check passed. Check: System architecture Node NameAvailableRequiredComment - rac2i686i686passed rac1i686i686passed Result: System architecture check passed. Check: Kernel version Node NameAvailableRequiredComment - rac22.6.18-194.el52.4.21-15ELpassed rac12.6.18-194.el52.4.21-15E
20、Lpassed Result: Kernel version check passed. Check: Package existence for “make-3.79“ Node NameStatusComment - rac2make-3.81-3.el5passed rac1make-3.81-3.el5passed Result: Package existence check passed for “make-3.79“. Check: Package existence for “binutils-2.14“ Node NameStatusComment - rac2binutil
21、s-2.17.50.0.6-14.el5passed rac1binutils-2.17.50.0.6-14.el5passed Result: Package existence check passed for “binutils-2.14“. Check: Package existence for “gcc-3.2“ Node NameStatusComment - rac2gcc-4.1.2-48.el5passed rac1gcc-4.1.2-48.el5passed Result: Package existence check passed for “gcc-3.2“. Che
22、ck: Package existence for “glibc-2.3.2-95.27“ Node NameStatusComment - rac2glibc-2.5-49passed rac1glibc-2.5-49passed Result: Package existence check passed for “glibc-2.3.2-95.27“. Check: Package existence for “compat-db-4.0.14-5“ Node NameStatusComment - rac2compat-db-4.2.52-5.1passed rac1compat-db
23、-4.2.52-5.1passed Result: Package existence check passed for “compat-db-4.0.14-5“. Check: Package existence for “.3-2.96.128“ Node NameStatusComment - rac2missingfailed rac1missingfailed Result: Package existence check failed for “compat-gcc-7.3-2.96.128“. Check: Package existence for “compat-gcc-c+
24、-7.3-2.96.128“ Node NameStatusComment - rac2missingfailed rac1missingfailed Result: Package existence check failed for “compat-gcc-c+-7.3-2.96.128“. Check: Package existence for “compat-libstdc+-7.3-2.96.128“ Node NameStatusComment - rac2missingfailed rac1missingfailed Result: Package existence chec
25、k failed for “compat-libstdc+-7.3-2.96.128“. Check: Package existence for “compat-libstdc+-devel-7.3-2.96.128“ Node NameStatusComment - rac2missingfailed rac1missingfailed Result: Package existence check failed for “compat-libstdc+-devel-7.3-2.96.128“. Check: Package existence for “openmotif-2.2.3“
26、Node NameStatusComment - rac2openmotif-2.3.1-2.el5_4.1passed rac1openmotif-2.3.1-2.el5_4.1passed Result: Package existence check passed for “openmotif-2.2.3“. Check: Package existence for “setarch-1.3-1“ Node NameStatusComment - rac2setarch-2.0-1.1passed rac1setarch-2.0-1.1passed Result: Package exi
27、stence check passed for “setarch-1.3-1“. Check: Group existence for “dba“ Node NameStatusComment - rac2existspassed rac1existspassed Result: Group existence check passed for “dba“. Check: Group existence for “oinstall“ Node NameStatusComment - rac2existspassed rac1existspassed Result: Group existenc
28、e check passed for “oinstall“. Check: User existence for “nobody“ Node NameStatusComment - rac2existspassed rac1existspassed Result: User existence check passed for “nobody“. System requirement failed for crs Pre-check for cluster services setup was unsuccessful on all the nodes. 当你看到用红色字体标注出来的错误，基本
29、上都属于 oracle 的 bug，只要你确保正确安装我前面列 举出来的包就可以了，如果出现了列举范围以外的错误，那么就需要你 google 一下或者检查一下 之前的步骤还有那些遗漏的操作没有做。 开始安装 clusterware，首先执行以下命令 # xhost + 然后修改 redhat-release 文件,删除原有的版本，改为为 redhat-4 保存退出。 # vi /etc/redhat-release redhat-4 $ cd /home/oracle/clusterware $ ./runInstaller 1.进入欢迎屏幕，点击 Next 按钮。 2指定 Inventory
30、 的路径个和操作组，默认即可，点击 Next 按钮。 3.指定 crs home 的路径，这里可能默认的是 db_1，所以需要注意修改一下，点击 Next 按钮。 4.前决条件的验证，我在这一步验证当中没有遇到任何警告或错误提示，点击 Next。 5. 配置 cluster，点击 Add 按钮依次输入 rac1、rac1-priv、rac1-vip，点击 Next 按钮。 6.点击 Edit 按钮，将 eth0 设置为 public，点击 Next 按钮。 7.为 OCR 指定路径，并选择 Normal Redundancy，由于我这里忘记截图，所以是用了以前安装时截 取的图片 Specify
31、 OCR Location 处输入/dev/raw/raw4 Specify OCR Mirror Location 处输入 /dev/raw/raw5。单击 Next 按钮。 8.为表决磁盘指定路径，并指定 Normal Redundancy 选项，分别输入/dev/raw/raw1 /dev/raw/raw2 /dev/raw/raw3 点击 Next 按钮。 9.摘要信息，点击 Next 按钮。 10.开始安装了。 11.分别执行以下的配置脚本,在第二个节点执行第二个脚本的时候通常都会报错，因此我们先来解 决错误，再来执行。 在执行第二个脚本 Root.sh 的时候会遇到错误，我们在执行
32、前先要从 上下载 一个 bug#为 4679769 的补丁，这个补丁在网上搜一下也可以免费下载的到。下载后上传到 rac1， 然后执行以下命令。 rac1 $ unzip p4679769_10201_LINUX.zip rac1 $ cd 4679769 rac1 $ cp $ORA_CRS_HOME/bin/clsfmt.bin $ORA_CRS_HOME/bin/clsfmt.bin.bak rac1 $ cp clsfmt.bin $ORA_CRS_HOME/bin/clsfmt.bin rac1 $ chmod 755 $ORA_CRS_HOME/bin/clsfmt.bin 然后
33、在第二个节点，修改 vipca 的一处设置 rac2 $ cd /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/crs_1/bin/ rac2 $ vi vipca if “$arch“ = “i686“ -o “$arch“ = “ia64“ then LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=2.4.19 export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL fi #End workaround 在 fi 后新添加一行,然后保存退出。 unset LD_ASSUME_KERNEL 然后开始执行脚本 rac1 # sh /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainst
34、Root.sh Changing permissions of /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory to 770. Changing groupname of /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory to oinstall. The execution of the script is complete rac2 # sh /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh Changing permissions of /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory to 770. Changing gro
35、upname of /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory to oinstall. The execution of the script is complete 执行第二个脚本 rac1 # sh /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/crs_1/root.sh WARNING: directory /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0 is not owned by root WARNING: directory /u01/app/oracle/product is not owned by root WARNING: d
36、irectory /u01/app/oracle is not owned by root WARNING: directory /u01/app is not owned by root WARNING: directory /u01 is not owned by root Checking to see if Oracle CRS stack is already configured Setting the permissions on OCR backup directory Setting up NS directories Oracle Cluster Registry conf
37、iguration upgraded successfully WARNING: directory /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0 is not owned by root WARNING: directory /u01/app/oracle/product is not owned by root WARNING: directory /u01/app/oracle is not owned by root WARNING: directory /u01/app is not owned by root WARNING: directory /u01 is n
38、ot owned by root assigning default hostname rac1 for node 1. assigning default hostname rac2 for node 2. Successfully accumulated necessary OCR keys. Using ports: CSS=49895 CRS=49896 EVMC=49898 and EVMR=49897. node : node 1: rac1 rac1-priv rac1 node 2: rac2 rac2-priv rac2 Creating OCR keys for user
39、root, privgrp root Operation successful. Now formatting voting device: /dev/raw/raw18 Format of 1 voting devices complete. Startup will be queued to init within 90 seconds. Adding daemons to inittab Expecting the CRS daemons to be up within 600 seconds. CSS is active on these nodes. rac1 CSS is inac
40、tive on these nodes. rac2 Local node checking complete. Run root.sh on remaining nodes to start CRS daemons. rac2 # sh /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/crs_1/root.sh WARNING: directory /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0 is not owned by root WARNING: directory /u01/app/oracle/product is not owned by root W
41、ARNING: directory /u01/app/oracle is not owned by root WARNING: directory /u01/app is not owned by root WARNING: directory /u01 is not owned by root Checking to see if Oracle CRS stack is already configured Setting the permissions on OCR backup directory Setting up NS directories Oracle Cluster Regi
42、stry configuration upgraded successfully WARNING: directory /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0 is not owned by root WARNING: directory /u01/app/oracle/product is not owned by root WARNING: directory /u01/app/oracle is not owned by root WARNING: directory /u01/app is not owned by root WARNING: directory
43、/u01 is not owned by root clscfg: EXISTING configuration version 3 detected. clscfg: version 3 is 10G Release 2. assigning default hostname rac1 for node 1. assigning default hostname rac2 for node 2. Successfully accumulated necessary OCR keys. Using ports: CSS=49895 CRS=49896 EVMC=49898 and EVMR=49897. node : node 1: rac1