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1、Configuring a Router,路由器的配置途径：,通过console进行设置，这种方式是用户对路由器的主要设置方式。 通过AUX端口连接Modem进行远程配置 通过Telnet方式进行配置。可以在网络中任一位置对路由器进行配置，只要你密码及其权力。 通过网管工作站进行配置，这就需要在您的网络中有至少一台运行Ciscoworks及CiscoView等的网管工作站。需要另外购买网管软件。 通过tftp服务器下载路由器配置文件。可以用任何没有特殊格式的纯文本编辑器编辑路由器配置文件。并将其存放在TFTP服务器的根目录下，采用手支方式或Autoinstall方式下载路由器配置文件。,例：利
2、用Console口的设置,选择PC机的COM1或COM2中，选用RJ45-DB9或RJ45-DB25的转换头与COM口连接，再将Console线接入Console口中，采用Console100终端方式，超级终端的配置如图：,通过Console和AUX连接,通过Control连接,使用X-modem连接,配置Xmodem CCNAv3.1 Semester2-5-2-6,show version Command,wg_ro_a#show version Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software IOS (tm) 2500 Software (C25
3、00-JS-L), Version 12.0(3), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1) Copyright (c) 1986-1999 by cisco Systems, Inc. Compiled Mon 08-Feb-99 18:18 by phanguye Image text-base: 0x03050C84, data-base: 0x00001000 ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 11.0(10c), SOFTWARE BOOTFLASH: 3000 Bootstrap Software (IGS-BOOT-R), Version 11.
4、0(10c), RELEASE SOFTWARE(fc1) wg_ro_a uptime is 20 minutes System restarted by reload System image file is “flash:c2500-js-l_120-3.bin“ (output omitted) -More- Configuration register is 0x2102,演示show version,通过show version 得到的信息： IOS版本以及注释信息 Bootstrap 的信息 Boot Rom的信息 上一次启动的方式 系统镜像文件的位置 路由器型号 寄存器地址 接
5、口信息等,路由器配置的用户界面,1.用户模式和特权模式： (分别用来查看和更改路由器的配置) R o u t e r (用户模式) R o u t e r # (特权模式) 2 . 各种配置模式（用来进行各种配置操作） Router(config)# (全局模式) Router(config-router)# (路由协议模式) Router(config-if)# (路由接口模式) Router(config-subif)# (路由子接口配置模式) Router(config-line)# (配置line模式) 典型的CLI界面，与DOS相似，提高了配置难度。,R o u t e r (用户模
6、式),R o u t e r # (特权模式),Router(config)# (全局模式),Router(config-router)# (路由协议配置模式),Router(config-if)# (路由接口配置模式),Router(config-subif)# (路由子接口配置模式),Router(config-line)# (line配置模式),disable,enable,Configure terminal,exit或end或ctrl+z,exit,exit,exit,exit,subif sube0,int e0,router rip,Line vty0 4,Overview of
7、 Router Modes,Bootup Output from the Router,Unconfigured Versus Configured Router,Setup: The Initial Configuration Dialog,Router#setup - System Configuration Dialog - Continue with configuration dialog? yes/no: yes At any point you may enter a question mark ? for help. Use ctrl-c to abort configurat
8、ion dialog at any prompt. Default settings are in square brackets . Basic management setup configures only enough connectivity for management of the system, extended setup will ask you to configure each interface on the system Would you like to enter basic management setup? yes/no: no,Setup Initial
9、Global Parameters,Configuring global parameters: Enter host name Router:wg_ro_c The enable secret is a password used to protect access to privileged EXEC and configuration modes. This password, after entered, becomes encrypted in the configuration. Enter enable secret: cisco The enable password is u
10、sed when you do not specify an enable secret password, with some older software versions, and some boot images. Enter enable password: sanfran The virtual terminal password is used to protect access to the router over a network interface. Enter virtual terminal password: sanjose Configure SNMP Netwo
11、rk Management? no:,Setup Initial Protocol Configurations,Configure LAT? yes: no Configure AppleTalk? no: Configure DECnet? no: Configure IP? yes: Configure IGRP routing? yes: no Configure RIP routing? no: Configure CLNS? no: Configure IPX? no: Configure Vines? no: Configure XNS? no: Configure Apollo
12、? no:,Setup Script Review and Use,The following configuration command script was created: hostname Router enable secret 5 $1$/CCk$4r7zDwDNeqkxFO.kJxC3G0 enable password sanfran line vty 0 4 password sanjose no snmp-server ! no appletalk routing no decnet routing ip routing no clns routing no ipx rou
13、ting no vines routing no xns routing no apollo routing isdn switch-type basic-5ess,interface BRI0 shutdown no ip address ! interface Ethernet0 no shutdown ip address 10.1.1.31 255.255.255.0 no mop enabled ! interface Serial0 shutdown no ip address end 0 Go to the IOS command prompt without saving th
14、is config. 1 Return back to the setup without saving this config. 2 Save this configuration to nvram and exit. Enter your selection 2:,演示 setup 模式配置,Logging In to the Router,Router User-Mode Command List,You can abbreviate a command to the fewest characters that make a unique character string.,wg_ro
15、_c ? Exec commands: access-enable Create a temporary Access-List entry atmsig Execute Atm Signalling Commands cd Change current device clear Reset functions connect Open a terminal connection dir List files on given device disable Turn off privileged commands disconnect Disconnect an existing networ
16、k connection enable Turn on privileged commands exit Exit from the EXEC help Description of the interactive help system lat Open a lat connection lock Lock the terminal login Log in as a particular user logout Exit from the EXEC - More -,Router Privileged-Mode Command List,wg_ro_c# ? Exec commands:
17、access-enable Create a temporary Access-List entry access-profile Apply user-profile to interface access-template Create a temporary Access-List entry bfe For manual emergency modes setting cd Change current directory clear Reset functions clock Manage the system clock configure Enter configuration
18、mode connect Open a terminal connection copy Copy from one file to another debug Debugging functions (see also undebug) delete Delete a file dir List files on a filesystem disable Turn off privileged commands disconnect Disconnect an existing network connection enable Turn on privileged commands era
19、se Erase a filesystem exit Exit from the EXEC help Description of the interactive help system - More -,You can complete a command string by entering the unique character string, then pressing the Tab key.,Router Command-Line Help Facilities,Context-Sensitive Help,Console Error Messages,Identifies pr
20、oblems with router commands that are incorrectly entered so you can alter or correct them,Allows recall of long or complex commands or entries for reentry, review, or correction,Command History Buffer,Provides a list of commands and the arguments associated with a specific command,Router Context-Sen
21、sitive Help,Router#,clok,Translating “CLOK“,% Unknown command or computer name, or unable to find computer address,Router#,cl?,clear clock,Router#,clock,% Incomplete command.,Router#,clock ?,set Set the time and date,Router#,clock set,% Incomplete command.,Router#,clock set ?,hh:mm:ss Current Time,S
22、ymbolic Translation Command Prompting Last Command Recall,Router Context-Sensitive Help (cont.),Router# clok,Translating “CLOK“,% Unknown command or computer name, or unable to find computer address,Router#,clear clock,Router#,% Incomplete command.,Router#,set Set the time and date,Router#,% Incompl
23、ete command.,Router#,hh:mm:ss Current Time,Router#,clock set 19:56:00,% Incomplete command.,Router#,clock set 19:56:00 ?, Day of the month,MONTH Month of the year,Router#,clock set 19:56:00 04 8,% Invalid input detected at the marker,Router#,clock set 19:56:00 04 August,% Incomplete command.,Router#
24、,clock set 19:56:00 04 August ?, Year,Command Prompting Syntax Checking Command Prompting,演示clock配置,Saving Configurations,wg_ro_c# wg_ro_c#copy running-config startup-config Destination filename startup-config? Building configuration wg_ro_c#,Copies the current configuration to NVRAM NVRAM, 非易失性内存,断
25、电信息不会丢失，存储用户配置文件 RAM, 随机存储器,断电信息全部丢失 startup-config 在每次路由器或是交换机启动时候,会主动加载,Configuring Router Identification,Sets the local identity or message for the accessed router or interface,Configuring a Router Password,Other Console-Line Commands,Router(config)#line console 0 Router(config-line)#exec-timeout
26、 0 0,Prevents console session timeout,Configuring an Interface,Router(config)#interface type number Router(config-if)#,type includes serial, ethernet, token ring, fddi, hssi, loopback, dialer, null, async, atm, bri, tunnel, and so on number is used to identify individual interfaces,Quits from curren
27、t interface configuration mode,Router(config)#interface type slot/port Router(config-if)#,For modular routers, selects an interface,Configuring a Serial Interface,Enter Global Configuration Mode,Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000 Router(config-if)#,Router(config)#interface serial 0 Router(config-if)
28、#,Router#configure terminal Router(config)#,Router(config-if)#bandwidth 64 Router(config-if)#exit Router(config)#exit Router#,Specify Interface,Set Clock Rate (on DCE interfaces only),Set Bandwidth (recommended),Ethernet media-type Command,Router(config)#interface ethernet 2 Router(config-if)#media-
29、type 10baset,Selects the media-type connector for the Ethernet interface,Disabling or Enabling an Interface,Router#configure terminal Router(config)#interface serial 0 Router(config-if)#no shutdown %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Seria0, changed state to up %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line Protocol on Interface
30、Serial0, changed state to up,Enables an interface that is administratively shut down,Router#configure terminal Router(config)#interface serial 0 Router(config-if)#shutdown %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0, changed state to administratively down %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0, changed state to down,Administratively turns off an interface,END,