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1、 Clutch systemsDampers Converters Transmission components Efficiency and dynamics: The double clutch from LuK Clutch systemsDampers Converters Transmission components Driving pleasure, comfort and significantly reduced fuel consumption compared with automatic transmission are now provided by one pro
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4、ical postage paid at Warrendale, PA, and additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: Please return form 3579 to Automotive Engineering International, 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096. SAE is not responsible for the accuracy of information in the editorial, articles, and advertising sections of
5、 this publication. Readers should independently evaluate the accuracy of any statement in the editorial, articles, and advertising sections of this publication that are important to him/her and rely on his/her independent evaluation. For permission to reproduce articles in quantity, contact customer
6、salessae. org, and for use in other media, contact aeisae.org. Claims for missing issues of the magazine must be submitted within a six- month time frame of the claimed issues publication date. Copyright 2009 by SAE International. The Automotive Engineering International title is registered in the U
7、.S. Patent and Trademark Office, and Automotive Engineering International is indexed and abstracted in the SAE Global Mobility Database. Audited by 4 Editorial 6 Focus 7 Global Vehicles contents Online exclusive: diesel developments Automotive Engineering International and some of its sister publica
8、tions have served up a number of tasty new online articles about compression-ignition engines. To have articles on powertrain or another technology category delivered to your digital doorstep on a regular basis, sign up for our Technology eNewsletters at www.sae.org/mags/aei/ emedia.htm and click on
9、 “Technology eNewsletters signup.” Stephens explains fate of GMs stillborn 4.5-L V8 diesel (www.sae.org/mags/aei/6672) Top articles of the month 1. Braking news from Mercedes-Benz (www.sae.org/mags/aei/6503) 2. U.S. joins greenhouse-gas game and ups CAFE ante (www.sae.org/mags/aei/6545) 3. Chemistry
10、 cuts tires rolling resistance (www.sae.org/mags/aei/6489) 4. Fuel cells offer opportunity for stainless (www.sae.org/mags/aei/6486) 5. Ford van/wagon could be first lithium-ion all-electric on U.S. market (www.sae.org/mags/aei/6480) 6. Viva Manuchakian! (www.sae.org/mags/aei/6413) 7. Bearing down o
11、n emissions reduction (www.sae.org/mags/aei/6477) 8. Acrylic broadens its application horizon (www.sae.org/mags/aei/6488) 9. Dow Corning switches gears for sustainability (www.sae.org/mags/aei/6513) 10. New VW Polo to spawn efficiency leader (www.sae.org/mags/aei/6475) Global Supplier Marketplace Ch
12、eck out this valuable resource to locate products and services for the entire mobility, technology, and engineering industry. Featuring information on 6600 companies in more than 18,000 directory product listings, it uses powerful search technology that continually indexes the content of participati
13、ng supplier websites. To visit the directory, go to http:/. 7 SAEs Formula for success 8 Four-door Panamera gives Porsche fourth model line 23 Technology Report Powertrain Testing 26 Nissan speeds up truck bed durability testing Interior 27 Taurus interior panels in stitches Body 28 The future is br
14、ight for LEDs Performance Whats online aei-online.org 23 New diesels from Volvo Energy 23 A cool solution to a hot Prius Electronics 24 Ethernet and 1394 spar with MOST for infotainment openings 25 Vendors scramble to provide USB connectivity 29 University creates chocolate-fueled vegetarian racecar
15、 Manufacturing 30 Savi hybrid RFID tag made available 41 Product Briefs 44 Feedback 46 Regulations the tricky part is devel- oping an effective business model.” Barring a major cost-reduction break- through, subsidies may be necessary if governments around the world are to realize their desire for s
16、tate-of-the-art fuel-saving and emissions-reducing tech- nologies in new cars. Be sure to check out AEI Online for more online exclusives and e-mail delivery of the latest vehicle technology news at www.sae.org/mags/aei/emedia.htm. editorial Kevin Jost Editorial Director Thomas J. Drozda Director of
17、 Publications thomasdrozdasae.org Kevin Jost Editorial Director Jean L. Broge Senior Editor Lindsay Brooke Senior Editor Patrick Ponticel Assistant Editor Ryan Gehm Assistant Editor Matt Monaghan Assistant Editor Kami Buchholz Detroit Editor Stuart Birch European Editor Jack Yamaguchi Asian Editor C
18、ontributors Steven Ashley, Stephen Barlas, Dan Carney, Peter Chang, Jrg Christoffel, Terry Costlow, Harry Evans, John Kendall, Bruce Morey, Paul Weissler, Mark Wilkinson, Peter Wright, Jenny Hessler, Jennifer Shuttleworth, Linda Trego Wayne Silvonic Art Director Brian Fell Senior Designer Ryan Prist
19、ow Senior Designer William L. Schall Graphic Artist Scott Sward Publisher, Periodicals others like to call it “repositioning”; regardless of how you like to characterize it, the result is the samethings are being done differently. And SAE International is no exception. Several weeks ago, SAE Interna
20、tionals 2009 President, James E. Smith, wrote a frank and direct letter to SAEs members. In it he outlined some changes that our organiza- tion has made and will be making to ensure that SAE International does not just survive the current economic challenges we all face, but will thrive once they pa
21、ss. And, more importantly, that SAE International continues to offer those programs, products, and ser- vices that provide the greatest value to our members and customers in todays and to- morrows business climate. It is all about the right kind of change. For example, some of the meetings that SAE
22、International has held over the years will have a new format and feel, while some will remain the same. Still others may no longer be offered. Many of our products will change in scope to reflect the changed needs and expec- tations of the marketplace; others will be dis- continued. And, new product
23、s and services will be added to enhance the range of solu- tions that we offer to mobility engineering professionals. We are communicating these changes directly to our members and to cus- tomers through phone calls, e-mails, e-news- letters, and via our website. What is important to remember is tha
24、t these changes are being made to ensure that SAE International provides the mobility engi- neering community with unquestionable val- ue and at the same time remains economi- cally strong and viable for many, many years to comejust as we have been doing for more than 100 years. Input and feedback f
25、rom our members and customers, and guid- ance from the societys member leaders are the transforming power. We hope that these changes will delight our members and customers. However, we understand that some individuals may not be happy with all of the changes that we are making. Many SAE Internation
26、al members and volunteers have a vested interest in a particular meeting or product that may be discontinued; their disappointment is under- standable. They have offered their time and talents over the years to help bring it to frui- tion; we thank them for their time, energy, and devotion. I ask, t
27、hough, that everyone consider the whole rather than the part. The renewed SAE International we are building together is one that is more nimble and responsive to the needs of the transformed mobility industry. It is one that is built on a strong foundation of the past but is not tethered to the stat
28、us quo. The new SAE International reflects the mobility engineering industryproactive, dynamic, and collaborative. The one thing that has not changed is the importance of people to SAE International. Our members, volunteers, customers, busi- ness associates, and staff are the reason that this organi
29、zation is able to reinvent itself af- ter more than a century. You are the reason that we strive to do better. As we change, I ask that you continue to stay engaged with SAE International. Or, if you have not worked with us lately, give us another try. I also ask that you give us time. All of the ch
30、anges will not happen at once, and they all may not make sense immedi- ately. But as the pieces come together, I am confident you will experience and embrace the stronger and revitalized SAE. As always, I welcome your feedback and constructive input to this topic and any other issues on your mind. L
31、et us know what you think; let us know how we can do a better job of serving you and mobility engineering. Please feel free to e-mail me at focussae.org. SAE Section, Group, and Affiliate Activities SAE International has 86 sections and groups located in the United States, Canada, Mexico, Taiwan, Ru
32、ssia, Belarus, Egypt, Hong Kong, Romania, Italy, Malaysia, Ukraine, and Israel. Also, SAE affiliates operate in the United Kingdom, Brazil, and India. A complete listing, along with their respective officers, can be found at www. sae.org/sections/sectlist.htm. Additional information regarding a part
33、icular section or group is available from SAE Headquarters, Membership and Section Programs, by contacting Sectionssae.org. SAE International Board of Directors Officers James E. Smith, Ph.D. 2009 President Thomas W. Ryan III 2008 President Andrew Brown, Jr., PE, NAE 2010 President Nominee Charla K.
34、 Wise Vice President - Aerospace Jacqueline A. Dedo Vice President - Automotive Richard E. Kleine Vice President - Commercial Vehicle Terence J. Rhoades Treasurer Carol A. Story Assistant Treasurer David L. Schutt Chief Executive Officer Directors Aravind S. Bharadwaj Gregory W. Davis Mazen Hammoud
35、Hal M. Heule Laura Hitchcock Andris Lacis Ronald D. Matthews Cuneyt L. Oge Douglas Patton Mark L. Pedrazzi Nicholas K. Petek Mark Pope Brian R. Richardson Victor E. Saucedo Gregory E. Saunders Ahmed A. Soliman David Stout Leonard Tedesco SAE Publications Board Michael D. Madley - Chairman Nicholas P
36、. Cernansky Andrew J. Jeffers Daniel R. Kapellen Douglas Patton Mark L. Pedrazzi global vehicles aei-online.org aei AUGUST 2009 7 global vehicles Edited by Kevin Jost SAEs Formula for success Hundreds of college engineering students re- cently experienced the thrill of Formula SAE (FSAE), SAE Intern
37、ationals series of competi- tive challenges for open-wheel racecars that were designed and built by school teams from around the world. The 97 FSAE racecars doting the infield of the Michigan International Speedway (MIS) on May 13-16 featured naturally aspirated or tur- bocharged one-, two-, or four
38、-cylinder engines riding on carbon-fiber or steel chassis/frames. In creating the different racecars, each team made engineering decisions based on cost, time, and other factors. The University of Akron began preparing for the 2009 Michigan event just two days after the 2008 competition. Frequent me
39、etings and daily discussions defined team members lives outside the classroom. “The only day we werent down in the shop was Sundays. We really tried to set our- selves up this year to not have to make any sacrifices,” said University of Akron Team Captain Tim Gullatta as team members en- circled the
40、ir prized racecar during the first day of design judging inside an MIS garage. Akrons racecar was deemed ready for track testing and suspension setup in mid-March. “We were going to run a blade-style anti- sway bar, but we went with a U-tube style,” said Gullatta. “We had to do that as a last resort
41、 because we needed roll control on the car during track testing.” This years 63.3-lb (28.7-kg) welded chassis gained about 4 lb (1.8 kg) from the 2008 en- try. “Weight was not a chassis design goal for the 2009 car. Our goals for the 2009 chassis were to remove the rear box (giving the car a stronge
42、r mount for the differential), increasing the rigidity (949 lbft per degree in 2008 versus 1510.3 lbft per degree in 2009) and increas- ing driver legroom,” said the teams chassis leader, Jeff Wilson. Even though carbon-fiber upper A-arms for the front suspension of the University of Colorado at Bou
43、lders FSAE car underwent FEA reviews, “hard driving was the ultimate test,” said Loren Heiman, fabricator of the components. The 2009 car did not debut car- bon-fiber arms because “we didnt feel the carbon-fiber/aluminum lug front upper suspen- sion A-arms were sufficiently tested on the car, so we
44、went with 4130 steel upper front sus- pension A-arms,” said Heiman. “We initially considered using carbon-fiber lugs, but that would have required a female mold as well as a male foam insert, which would have meant almost twice as much machining.” Rutgers University opted to forgo using an aluminum
45、rear subframe produced by a waterjet process. “In previous years, we had a removable rear subframe that mounted directly to the engine, and that made for a semi- stressed engine,” said Christopher Keane, the teams drivetrain leader. The 2009 car sported rear-chassis-mounted differential carriers. Sa
46、id Keane: “We now have a completely symmetri- cal drivetrain, and that helps prevent torque steer. Its also easier to service because the parts are interchangeable side-to-side.” A nagging issue during a Sports Car Club of America (SCCA) autocross event three weeks before the FSAE Michigan competiti
47、on prompted the team from the U.S. Naval Academy to re-evaluate using pneumatic gear- shifts. “The transmission wasnt consistently getting in and out of gear every time. We de- cided to use a bolt-on, stick-style manual trans- mission at Formula SAE because the push-but- ton pneumatic system wasnt r
48、eliable,” said Midshipman First Class Ryan Golom. “We cant design for everything, so our number-one goal was to design for reliability.” Like the U.S. Naval Academy, students at the University of Kansas design and build an FSAE racecar from scratch every year. The 2009 entry was the first in the Uni
49、versity of Kansas FSAE program history to incorporate an aero- dynamic package focused on composite front and rear wings. “The three-piece rear wing is adjustable to four different positionssame with the front wing,” said Robert Schelling, an exchange student from the University of Stuttgart in Germany. Aerospace engineering student Schelling used Dassault Systmes SolidWorks FloWorks analysis software to optimize the wings for minimum drag and maximum down- force. Knowing the 2009 car