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1、 2014年广州市高三英语备考练习题（1）2014.5本试卷共12页，三大题, 满分135分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必用2B铅笔在“考生号”处填涂考生号。用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己所在的市、县/区、学校以及自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答卷纸各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，
2、然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。I 语言知识及应用 (共两节，满分45分)第一节 完形填空 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从115各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。I chose to live in the beautiful Cumberland Valley of Maryland after I completed my service in the army. 1 , at that time there w
3、ere few jobs available in the area. With a little research I found that a number of companies in the area were either owned or 2 by an unusual businessman, Henry House, whose rise from poverty to riches 3 me. However, he was known for being 4 to job seekers.I interviewed some people and found that M
4、r Houses major interest was in his drive for power and 5 . Since he protected himself from people like me by use of a 6 and strict secretary, I 7 her interests and goals and only then did I pay an unannounced visit at her office. When I told her I had a plan which might bring her boss financial and
5、political success, she became enthusiastic. I also talked with her about her constructive 8 in his success. After this 9 , she arranged for me to meet Mr House.I entered his 10 and impressive office, determined not to ask directly for a 11 . He was seated behind a large carved desk and 12 at me, “Ho
6、w about it, young man?” The volume of his voice surprised me but I remained calm. I said, “Mr. House, I believe I can make money for you.” Although he didnt get up, he 13 me to sit in one of the large chairs. I described my ideas and the qualifications I had to 14 these ideas, as well as how they wo
7、uld contribute to his personal success and that of his businesses.He 15 me at once and for over twenty years I have grown in his enterprises and we both have prospered.1. A. FirstlyB. UnfortunatelyC. InterestinglyD. Thankfully2. A. namedB. refusedC. bannedD. controlled3. A. annoyedB. interestedC. al
8、armedD. puzzled4. A. kindB. cruelC. inaccessibleD. superior5. A. moneyB. loveC. familyD. friendship6. A. cheerfulB. sillyC. lovelyD. serious7. A. followedB. studiedC. guessedD. required8. A. responseB. participationC. attitudeD. effect9. A. examinationB. translationC. conversationD. discussion10. A.
9、 hugeB. simpleC. uglyD. empty11. A. jobB. favorC. seatD. talk12. A. aimedB. smiledC. shoutedD. wondered13. A. ledB. forcedC. arrangedD. invited14. A. formB. considerC. sellD. achieve15. A. leftB. refusedC. hiredD. promised第二节 语法填空 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的
10、正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1625的相应位置上。Water is one of your most urgent needs in a survival situation. You cant live long 16 it, especially in hot areas, 17 you lose water rapidly through perspiration (流汗). Even in cold areas, you need a minimum of 2 liters of water each day to keep your body going. Water h
11、elps you keep up your body temperature, oils your organs, and is required to break down body fat and to digest the food you eat. 18 you do not take in enough water, your body will begin pulling 19 from other places, including your blood. When water is removed from your blood, the blood thickens, mak
12、ing it 20 (difficult) than usual for the heart to pump blood through your body. You become tired, lack energy, and will be 21 (able) to function properly.More than three-fourths of your body 22 (compose) of liquids. Your body loses water because of heat, cold, stress, and hard work. To function effe
13、ctively, you must replace the water your body loses. So, one of your first goals is 23 (obtain) an adequate supply of water and to do that, you must find a water source 24 build a water container to collect water. Then 25 water must be made clean before it is safe to drink.II 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)第一节 阅读理解
14、(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AHoli is the Hindu festival of colors. It is celebrated at the end of the winter season, on the last full moon day of the lunar month Phalguna. In 2014, Holi was celebrated on March 17.Holi is celebrated by Hindus all over the world. Holi
15、celebrations begin on the eve of the festival with bonfires and prayers. On the day of Holi, people throw colored powder and liquids at each other. A common greeting during this time is, “Happy Holi.”Holi celebrations are particularly wild and uncontrolled in India as social rules are relaxed. Color
16、ed water is squirted on passers-by, and people are dunked into muddy water. Many people drink bhang, a powerful wine made from a plant. Social differences are temporarily ignored and people of all ages, genders and backgrounds gather together and celebrate the festival. In fact, it is said that one
17、can get away with almost any kind of behavior on the day of Holi by saying “dont mind, it is Holi.” In addition to the boisterous nature of the festival, this is a time for family members to get together, give gifts, eat special foods and decorate their homes. Overall, this is one of the most spirit
18、ed and beloved festivals of the Hindu calendar.The celebration of Holi is described in Hindu historical texts and stories that have passed from generation to generation. Holi commemorates the mythical story of a young boy called Prahlada, the son of the king of demons (恶魔). Unable to tolerate Prahla
19、das devotion to Vishnu, a good god, his demon father attempted to kill him several times by poisoning him, throwing him from the top of a mountain, etc. but failed each time. Finally, he ordered his son to sit on a fire on the lap of his demoness sister, Holika, who was protected from the flames. Pr
20、ahlada accepted his fathers command and survived unharmed from the fire while his sister was burned to death. This story is widely known throughout India, and as with most Hindu tales, it varies slightly in different parts of the country.26. The passage is written to _. A. report the celebration of
21、an Indian festival B. explain why Holi is important to Indians C. introduce a popular Indian festival D. tell the origin of an Indian festival27. The underlined word “boisterous” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _.A. colourful and crazyB. lively and energeticC. dirty and angryD. peaceful and
22、quiet28. During the festival of Holi, people do the following EXCEPT _. A. colour their faces and bodies and drink muddy water B. get together with the family and enjoy special food C. throw coloured powder and give gifts to friends D. say prayers and celebrate with bonfires29. What can we infer fro
23、m the passage?A. India is a country with relaxed social rules.B. Bhang is a very popular daily drink in India.C. Criminals will be forgiven if they celebrate Holi.D. Social class differences are very obvious in India.30. According to the last paragraph, Holi was originally celebrating _.A. the end o
24、f winterB. the birth of a godC. victory of good against badD. love between family membersBThey tell us when to get up or when were running late for work and whether we are in danger of missing our favourite TV programme. But while our daily routines rely on clocks that tell us the time, science is d
25、iscovering that our well-being is influenced by a very different kind of timepiece. Circadian rhythms the human bodys own internal clock have a powerful influence on our health and behaviour. They are programmed from birth and control functions ranging from temperature and blood pressure to sleep pa
26、tterns.In recent years researchers have also discovered that this built-in mechanism can influence everything from the way we react to medicines to how well we learn music.The latest example, from experts at Harvard University in the US, shows that the human body clock can even dictate whether or no
27、t we are likely to tell the truth. Researchers found it was easier for people to fib in the afternoon because, as they were tired, the self control that would normally prevent them from lying started to break down. Tiredness made it harder to resist the temptation to tell lies especially if it meant
28、 they got a financial reward at the end.“The body clock has a great effect on us all,” says Professor Jim Horne from the Sleep Research Centre at Loughborough University. “Most people tend to feel good around late morning and then decline in the early afternoon. But the time most of us will feel our
29、 sharpest is between 6pm and 8pm. Thats because sleepiness tends to build up throughout the day. By early evening our body clock kicks in to wake us up. One reason may be to ensure we get home safely. When our ancestors were coming home after hunting all day their internal clocks kicked in to get th
30、em home in one piece.”So what effects do circadian rhythms have and whats the best time of day to take advantage of them?31. The underlined word “They” in the first paragraph refers to _. A. our clocksB. scientists and expertsC. our daily routinesD. circadian rhythms 32. The research referred to in
31、Paragraph 3 found that people tend to _.A. tell lies when they are tiredB. tell lies if they are rewardedC. lose temper as they become tiredD. break down because they are tired33. According to the passage, when are people most quick-thinking? A. In the morning.B. Around midday.C. In the late afterno
32、on.D. In the early evening.34. What information will the writer probably present following the last paragraph?A. Some practical suggestions to prevent people from lying.B. Examples of how the human body clocks control the body.C. Examples of the most suitable time to do different activities.D. An ex
33、planation of how the human body clock controls the body.35. What is the best title for the passage?A. Rebuild your body clockB. Timing is everythingC. Sleep more, lie lessD. Your time is upC3D printers are a new generation of machines that can make everyday things. Theyre remarkable because they can
34、 produce different kinds of objects, in different materials, all from the same machine. A 3D printer can make pretty much anything from clay cups to plastic toys, metal machine parts, fancy chocolate cakes or even (one day soon) human body parts. If you look at a page from your home printer with a m
35、icroscope, youll see the letters are actually sitting slightly on top of the surface of the page. In theory, if you printed over that same page a few thousand times, the ink would build up enough layers (层) to create a solid 3D model of each letter. That idea of building a physical form out of tiny
36、layers is how a 3D printer works.You start by designing a 3D object on an ordinary home PC, connect it to a 3D printer, press “print” and then sit back and watch. The process is a bit like making a loaf of sliced bread, but in the opposite order. Imagine baking each individual slice of bread and the
37、n gluing them together into a whole loaf. Thats basically what a 3D printer does.The 3D printing process turns a whole object into thousands of tiny little slices, and then forms a single solid object slice by slice. You can print a whole bike handlebars, saddle, frame, wheels, brakes, pedals and ch
38、ain ready assembled, without using any tools. Its just a question of leaving spaces in the right places.Have you ever broken something, only to find its no longer sold and you cant replace it? 3D printing means you can simply print a new one. That world, where you can make almost anything at home, i
39、s very different from the one we live in today. Its a world that doesnt need trucks to deliver goods or warehouses to store them in, where nothing is ever out of stock and where there is less waste, packaging and pollution.Its also a world where everyday items, such as shoes and furniture, can be ea
40、sily made to your requirements. You can get some of those things now if youre wealthy, but 3D printing brings affordable, designer manufacturing to the masses. If that sounds like pure fantasy, try googling “personalized 3D printed products” and see for yourself.36. You need all of the following to
41、do some 3D printing EXCEPT _.A. a computerB. some glue C. some materialsD. a 3D printer37. The second and third paragraphs mainly explain _.A. how a 3D printer actually functionsB. the process of making a loaf of breadC. why the first 3D printer was inventedD. what 3D printers can actually produce38
42、. Which of the following is an advantage of 3D printing according to the passage?A. You can produce almost everything in the warehouse.B. You can print things in large numbers and sell them.C. Things you print wont need places to store.D. It will cause less waste and pollution.39. You can now use th
43、e 3D printer to solve your problem when you _.A. have lost one of your shirt buttonsB. want a big house to live inC. run out of drinking waterD. need to replace an organ40. From the last paragraph we can learn that 3D printing productions are _. A. easy to order through GoogleB. as popular as online
44、 shoppingC. still unbelievable to many peopleD. cheap to produce in mass productionDWhat exactly is language for? To many people, the answer seems obvious. Its for the transfer of useful facts, such as “Dinner will be served at eight oclock”, “Peters uncle has twisted his ankle”, and “Kangaroos live
45、 in Australia”.However, even when information is apparently conveyed, its reliability is not guaranteed. The speaker might have been lying, or even misunderstood, “We are now at take-off”, the pilot of a Boeing 747 announced. He meant, “We are now in the process of taking off”. The air-traffic contr
46、oller assumed he meant, “We are waiting at the take-off point”. As a consequence, 583 people died as two planes crashed at an airport in Paris.Generally, language is moderately good at communicating simple pieces of factual information such as “John is Sallys cousin”, providing the speaker is tellin
47、g the truth. Such “information talking” is usually assumed to be at the core of language. Yet its effectiveness in the role depends on the type of information being conveyed.Language is bad at handling spatial information, whether for tying knots, following directions or learning about the circulation of the blood. Consider the instructions for tying a simple knot:1. Pass the end of the rope over the standing part.2. Take the end under the standing part from the loop.