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1、专业好文档传感器名词解释1.传感器定义2传感器的静态特性： 3传感器的动态特性： 4.线性度： 5.应变效应： 6电涡流效应：7热电效应：8.中间导体定律： 9.正电压效应： 10.逆电压效应： 11.光电导效应： 12.光生伏特效应： 13.传光型光纤传感器： 14.霍尔效应： 15磁阻效应：17.相对湿度：18.热释电效应：19.莫尔条纹：简答题1、有源传感器与无源传感器有什么差别，请举出三个不同类型的例子。2、试说明如图所示的应变式加速度传感器的工作原理。3、分析电容传感器边缘效应产生的原因，画图给出消除其影响的措施，并进行论述。4、简述电涡流效应的原理，并说明如何实现测距（参见图1）。
2、5、热电偶测温时什么要进行冷端温度补偿，冷端温度补偿的方法有哪些？6、试说明图示的霍尔式位移传感器的工作原理。7、简述超声波无损探伤的工作原理。 8、如书上图所示是电容式差压传感器结构示意图及其转换电路，介绍其工作原理。9、什么是正压电效应和逆压电效应？10、莫尔条纹是如何形成的？它有哪些特性？1、某温度传感器为时间常数=3s的一阶系统，当传感器受突变温度作用后，试求传感器指示出温差的三分之一和二分之一所需的时间。2、一只二阶力传感器系统，已知其固有频率f0=800Hz，阻尼比z=0.14，现用它作工作频率f=400Hz的正弦变化的外力测试时，其幅值比A(w)和相位角j(w)各为多少；若该传感
3、器的阻尼比z=0.7时，其A(w)和j(w)又将如何变化?3、在材料为钢的实心圆柱试件上，沿轴线和圆周方向各贴一片电阻为120的金属应变片R1和R2，把这两应变片接人差动电桥。若钢的泊松比=0.285，应变片的灵敏系数K=2，电桥的电源电压Ui=2V，当试件受轴向拉伸时，测得应变片R1的电阻变化值R=0.48，试求电桥的输出电压U0；若柱体直径d=10mm，材料的弹性模量E=21011N/m2，求其所受拉力大小。 差动电桥电路4、一台采用等强度梁的电子称，在梁的上下两面各贴有两片电阻应变片，做成称重传感器，如习题图212所示。已知l=10mm，b0=llmm，h=3mm，E=2.1104N/m
4、m2，K=2，接入直流四臂差动电桥，供桥电压6V，求其电压灵敏度(Ku=Uo/F)。当称重0.5kg时，电桥的输出电压Uo为多大? (a) (b)习题图2-12 悬臂粱式力传感器5、有一悬臂梁，在其中部上、下两面各贴两片应变片，组成全桥，如图所示。 请给出由这四个电阻构成全桥电路的示意图。 若该梁悬臂长L=0.25m，宽b= 0.06m，厚h=0.003m，弹性模量，应变片灵敏度系K=2，应变片空载电阻，应变片中心距固定端x= 0.4L，现受一向下力F =1N，试求此时四个应变片的电阻值。 (梁上各处应变) 6、在压力比指示系统中采用差动式变间隙电容传感器和电桥测量电路，如习题43图所示。已知
5、：0=0.25mm；D=38.2mm；R=5.1k；Usr=60V(交流)，频率f=400Hz。试求： (1)该电容传感器的电压灵敏度Ku (V/m)； (2)当电容传感器的动极板位移=10m时，输出电压Usc值。习题图43 7、所示差动式同心圆筒柱形电容传感器，其可动内电极圆筒外经d=9.8mm，固定电极外圆筒内经D=10mm，初始平衡时，上、下电容器电极覆盖长度L1=L2=L0=2mm，电极间为空气介质。试求：（1）初始状态时电容器C1、C2的值；（2）当将其接入习题图4-14(b)所示差动变压器电桥电路，供桥电压E=10 V（交流），若传感器工作时可动电极筒最大位移Dx= 0.2mm，电
6、桥输出电压的最大变化范围为多少？ (a) (b)习题图4-148、有一只差动电感位移传感器，已知电源电Usr=4V，f=400Hz，传感器线圈铜电阻与电感量分别为R=40，L= 30mH，用两只匹配电阻设计成四臂等阻抗电桥，如习题图316所示，试求： (1)匹配电阻R3和R4的值； (2)当Z=10时，分别接成单臂和差动电桥后的输出电压值；(3)用相量图表明输出电压与输入电压之间的相位差。 9、有一压电晶体，其面积为，厚度为20mm，当受到压力作用时，求下面两种情况下产生的电荷及输出电压： 零度X切的纵向石英晶体； 利用纵向效应的BaTiO3。 10、石英晶体压电式传感器，面积为100mm2，
7、厚度为1mm，固定在两金属板之间，用来测量通过晶体两面力的变化。材料的弹性模量为91010Pa，电荷灵敏度为2pCN，相对介电常数是5.1，材料相对两面间电阻是1014。一个20pF的电容和一个100M的电阻与极板并联。若所加力F=0.01sin(1000t)N，求： (1)两极板间电压峰峰值； (2)晶体厚度的最大变化。证明题 1、根据光折射和反射的斯涅尔(Snell)定律，证明光线由折射率为的外界介质射入纤芯时实现全反射的临界角(始端最大入射角)为，并说明上式的物理意义。 2、为了减小变极距型电容传感器的极距，提高其灵敏度，经常在两极板间加一层云母或塑料膜来改善电容器的耐压性能，如图所示。
8、试推导这种双层介质变间隙型电容传感器的电容与动极板位移的关系式。If we dont do that it will go on and go on. We have to stop it; we need the courage to do it.His comments came hours after Fifa vice-president Jeffrey Webb - also in London for the FAs celebrations - said he wanted to meet Ivory Coast international Toure to discuss hi
9、s complaint.CSKA general director Roman Babaev says the matter has been exaggerated by the Ivorian and the British media.Blatter, 77, said: It has been decided by the Fifa congress that it is a nonsense for racism to be dealt with with fines. You can always find money from somebody to pay them.It is
10、 a nonsense to have matches played without spectators because it is against the spirit of football and against the visiting team. It is all nonsense.We can do something better to fight racism and discrimination.This is one of the villains we have today in our game. But it is only with harsh sanction
11、s that racism and discrimination can be washed out of football.The (lack of) air up there Watch mCayman Islands-based Webb, the head of Fifas anti-racism taskforce, is in London for the Football Associations 150th anniversary celebrations and will attend Citys Premier League match at Chelsea on Sund
12、ay.I am going to be at the match tomorrow and I have asked to meet Yaya Toure, he told BBC Sport.For me its about how he felt and I would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience was.Uefa hasopened disciplinary proceedings against CSKAfor the racist behaviour of their fans duringCi
13、tys 2-1 win.Michel Platini, president of European footballs governing body, has also ordered an immediate investigation into the referees actions.CSKA said they were surprised and disappointed by Toures complaint. In a statement the Russian side added: We found no racist insults from fans of CSKA.Ba
14、umgartner the disappointing news: Mission aborted.The supersonic descent could happen as early as Sunda.The weather plays an important role in this mission. Starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm - winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. The
15、 balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. It will climb higher than the tip of Mount Everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 mile
16、s/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. As he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause),e can expect a lot of turbulence.The balloon will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet ( Then, I would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling an Olympic diving platf
17、orm.Below, the Earth becomes the concrete bottom of a swimming pool that he wants to land on, but not too hard. Still, hell be traveling fast, so despite the distance, it will not be like diving into the deep end of a pool. It will be like he is diving into the shallow end.Skydiver preps for the big
18、 jumpWhen he jumps, he is expected to reach the speed of sound - 690 mph (1,110 kph) - in less than 40 seconds. Like hitting the top of the water, he will begin to slow as he approaches the more dense air closer to Earth. But this will not be enough to stop him completely.If he goes too fast or spin
19、s out of control, he has a stabilization parachute that can be deployed to slow him down. His team hopes its not needed. Instead, he plans to deploy his 270-square-foot (25-square-meter) main chute at an altitude of around 5,000 feet (1,524 meters).In order to deploy this chute successfully, he will
20、 have to slow to 172 mph (277 kph). He will have a reserve parachute that will open automatically if he loses consciousness at mach speeds.Even if everything goes as planned, it wont. Baumgartner still will free fall at a speed that would cause you and me to pass out, and no parachute is guaranteed to work higher than 25,000 feet (7,620 meters).cause there