【最新】电大成本管理复习试题小抄.doc

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1、1、某车间生产甲、乙两种产品,共耗原料2000千克,单价20元,原料费用用计40000元。本月投产甲产品300件,乙产品200件。甲产品单位消耗定额1千克,乙产品为25千克。要求采用材料定额耗用量的比例分配材料费用。解:材料费用分配率=40000(30010+20025)=5 甲产品应分配负担原材料费用=30005=15000(元)乙产品应分配负担原材料费用=50005=25000(元)2、某企业生产甲产品,本月完工产品数量为500件,期未在产品数量为400件,原材料系随着加工进度陆续投入,原材料的投入程度与加工进度完全一致。期未在产品完成程度为50%,有关费用资料见下表。要求采用约当产量法计

2、算完工产品和期未在产品的成本。项目直接材料燃料及动力直接工资制造费用合计月初产品成本179001722875018850本月发生费用360001032168275039950合计539001204196350058800完工产品成本28500860140250042000月未产品成本1540034456100016800解:1直接材料费的分配:由于原材料是系随着加工进度陆续投入,原材料的投入程度与加工进度完全一致,而期未在产品的完程度为50%,故在产品约当产量即为400X50%=200件。直接材料费用分配率=(17 900 + 36 000)(500+200)=77 完工产品应负担的直接材料费

3、用=500 X 77=38 500(元)在产品应负担的直接材料费用=200 X 77=15 400(元)2燃料及动力费的分配直接燃料及动力分配率=(172+1 032) (500+200)=1.72 完工产品应负担的燃料及动力费用=500X1.72=860 (元)在产品应负担的燃料及动力费用=200X1.72=344 (元)3直接工资费的分配直接工资费分配率=(28+168) (500+200)=0.28 完工产品负担直接工资费用=500 X 0.28=140(元)在产品应负担的直接工资费用=200 X 0.28=56(元)4制造费用的分配制造费用的分配率=(750+2 750) (500+2

4、00)=5 完工产品负担制造费用=500 X 5=2 500(元)在产品应负担的直接工资费用=200 X 5=1 000 (元)5汇总计算完工产品成本和月未在产品成本完工产品总成本=38 500+860+140+2 500=42 000 (元) 月未在产品成本=15 400+344+56+1 000=16 800(元)3、某工业企业产品成本计算采用品种法。2002年5月份基本生产车间有关材料消耗、工时及工资费用、生产车间制造费用资料见表1、表2、表3。制造费用在各产品之间采用实际工时比例法进行分配。月未在产品按定额成本计算,产品定额成本资料见表4。本月甲产品完工80件,月未在产品20件,在产品

5、原材料已投足,加工程度平均为50%。表1 材料费用分配表项目直接计入分配计入合计甲产品50000400090000乙产品3000070000100000车间一般消耗20002000表2 工资费用分配表项目直接计入分配计入合计生产工时分配率生产工人甲产品200004000540000乙产品180002000528000小计38000600003000068000车间管理人员2100021000表3 其他费用项目办公费水电费折旧费修理费其它金额1000060007000300050000表4 甲产品定额成本项目直接材料直接人工制造费用定额成本980695510要求:根据已知资料,计算并填列“甲产品

6、成本明细帐”有关项目,见表5。表5 甲产品成本明细帐2002年摘要直接材料直接人工制造费用合计月日51在产品成本2940010425765047475531本月发生费用531生产费用累计531完工产品成本531在产品成本解:工资费用分配率=30000600=5 甲产品负担的工资费用=20000+40005=40000制造费用分配率=(10000+6000+7000+3000+50000)(4000+2000)=16.5 甲产品负担的制造费用=400016.5=66000在产品定额材料费用=98020=19600 在产品定额工资费用=6952050%=6950 在产品定额制造费用=5102050

7、%=51001、某企业只生产一种产品,假定产销平行,预计明年该产品销量为1000件,单价为100元,增值税率为17%,消费税率为10%,假设该企业该产品购进货物占销售额的预计比重为30%,另外还需交纳7%的城建税和3%的教育费附加。同行业的销售利润为20%。要求:预测该企业的目标成本。解:目标利润10001002020000(元)应交税金1000100101000100101000100(130)17(73)12190(元)目标成本1000100121902000067810(元)2、某企业生产A产品,假定产销平行,预计明年该产品销量为1500件,单价为50元,增值税率为17%,营业税率10%

8、,销项税与进项税的差额预计为2000元;另外还需交纳7%的城建税和3%的教育费附加。如果同行业先进的销售利润为20%。要求:(1)预测该企业的目标成本。(2)如果A产品由两道工序组成,相关的成本结构资料如下:第一道工序直接材料占70%,直接人工和制造费用各占15%第二道工序半成品点80%,直接人工和制造费用各占10%,确定各工序的目标成本。解:(1)目标利润1500502015000(元) 应交税金15005010+(15005010+2000017)108590(元)目标成本15005085901500051410(元)(2)成本项目目标成本第二工序目标成本第一工序目标成本直接材料41128

9、70%=28789.6其中:半成品5141080%=41128直接人工5141010%=51414112815%=6169.2制造费用5141010%=51414112815%=6169.2合计5141051410411283、某企业只产销一种产品,本年单位变动成本为6元,变动成本总额为84000元,获营业利润18000元;若该企业计划下一年度变动成本率仍维持本年度的40%,其它条件不变。要求:预计下一年度的保本销量及保本销售额。解:本年销量84000614000(单位) 本年销售收入8400040210000(元) 单价2100001400015(元)固定成本(156)14000180001

10、08000(元) 保本销量108000(156)12000(单位) 保本额1200015180000(元)4、某企业每年需用A零件2000件,原由金车间组织生产,年总成本为19000元,其中,固定生产成本为7000元。如果改从市场上采购,单价为8元,同时将剩余生产能力用于加工B零件,可节约外购成本2000元。要求:为企业作出自制或外购A零件的决策。解:依题意编制相关成本分析表如下:自制A零件 外购A零件变动成本 19000-7000=12000 82000=16000机会成本 2000 0相关成本合计 14000 16000因为14000元16000元,所以应自制A零件,这样可以使企业节约20

11、00元的成本。 决策结论:应自制A零件。1.某企业月初在产品300件, 直接材料定额成本按上月旧定额计算为每件50元,从本月起,每件直接材料定额成本降低为48元,本月投产600件,实际发生直接材料费用31000元,900件产品本月全部完工。要求:计算该产品的实际成本产品的实际成本计算结果如下: 月初在产品材料定额成本30050=15000(元) 减:月初在产品材料定额成本降低(50-48)300=600(元)加:本月投产产品材料定额成本 48600=28800(元) 定额成本合计 43200(元)加:材料定额超支差 31000-28800= 2200(元) 加:材料定额变动差异600(元) 完

12、工产品材料实际成本46 000(元)2.某企业A产品采用定额法计算成本。A产品有关直接材料费用资料如下:月初在产品直接材料费用为20000 元, 月初在产品直接材料脱离定额差异为600元。月初在产品定额费用调整降低1500 元,定额变动差异全部计入完工产品成本中。本月定额直接材料费用为50000 元, 本月直接材料脱离定额差异为2497.45元,本月材料成本差异率为 5 材料成本差异全部由完工产品负担,本月完工产品直接材料定额费用为60000元。要求:根据上述资料采用定额法计算完工产品和月末在产品的原材料成本(脱离定额的差异在完工产品和在产品之间进行分配)。产品的实际成本计算结果如下表; 产品

13、成本计算表 成本项目 直接材料月初在产品成本 定额成本 20000 定额差异 -600月初在产品定额变动 定额变动 1500 定额成本 -1500本月费用 定额成本 50000 定额差异 2497.45费用合计 定额成本 68500 定额差异 1897.45 定额变动 1500定额差异分配率 1897.4568500=.0277完工产品成本 定额成本 60000 定额差异 0.0277X6000=1662 定额变动 1500 材料成本差异 (60000+16620X5%=3083.1 实际成本 66245.1月未在产品成本 定额成本 8500 定额差异 0.0277X8500=235.453.

14、某企业生产甲种产品,单位产品标准配方资料如表1所示: 表1单位产品标准配方表单位:元 材料名称单 价混合用量标准(千克)标准成本20115230202201202039436合 计786 本期甲种产品实际产量为900千克,各种材料实际消耗资料如表2所示。表2材料耗用情况表单位:元 材料名称单 价实际耗用量(千克)标准成本201142 90040 600202181 80032 40020391501 350合 计4 85074 350要求:根据上述资料,按照三因素分析法计算分析直接材料成本差异。直接材料成本差异计算分析如下:分析对象:74 350900863 050(元) 标准结构的平均标准单

15、价86712.2857(元)(1)计算产出差异 (4 8507900)8617 814(元)(2)计算组合差异 4 850(16.670112.2857)21 264(元)(3)计算材料价格差异 2 900(1415)1 800(1820)6 500(元)直接材料成本差异总额17 81421 2646 5003 050(元)1.根据下列表中资料,运用连环替代法计算确定各有关因素变动对材料成本的影响。甲产品材料消耗资料表 项 目计量单位计划指标实际指标产品产量吨200190材料单耗千克300320材料单价元1520运用连环替代法计算各因素影响如下:材料计划成本20030015900 000(元)

16、材料实际成本190320201 216 000(元)分析对象:1 216 000900 000316 000(元)计划指标:20030015900 000元第一次替代:19030015855 000元第二次替代:19032015912 000元第三次替代:190320201 216 000元因产量减少,导致材料成本下降了45 000元;因单耗上升,导致材料成本上升了57 000元;由于料单价的上升,使材料成本上升了304 000元。以上三个因素共同影响,使材料总成本上升了316 000(45 00057 000304 000)元。2.MK公司可比产品成本有关资料下: 计划降低任务 单位:万元

17、产品产量单位成本总成本降低任务上年计划上年计划降低额降低率甲乙1041020916100809064101610%20%合计1801542614.44%产品产量单位成本总成本实际完成上年计划实际上年计划实际降低额降低率甲乙合计8610209168.516.580120200729616868991673316.5%要求:采用连环替代法和余额推算法对可比产品成本降低任务完成情况进行分析。实际完成情况 单位:万元可比产品成本降低任务完成情况分析:(1)分析对象 降低额:3326=7(万元) 降低率:16.5一14.44=2.06(2)连环替代法计划成本降低额:180154=26(万元) 计划成本降

18、低率:26180=14.44%按实际产量、计划品种构成、计划单位成本计算:降低额:14.44200=28.88(万元) 降低率:14.44按实际产量、实际品种构成、计划单位成本计算:降低额:200168=32(万元) 降低率:32200=16实际成本降低额:200167=33(万元) 实际成本降低率:33200=16.5各因素影响结果表 单位:万元项 目降低额降低率产量影响(2)(1)品种构成影响28.8826=2.880(3)(2)单位成本影响3228.88=3.1216%14.44%=1.56%(4)(3)3332=116.5%16%=0.5%合 计72.06%(3)余额推算法各因素影响结

19、果表 单位:万元分析对象1:7万元产量影响73.12=2.88分析对象2:2.06%品种构成影响:2.06%0.5%=1.56%品种构成影响:1.56%200=3.12单位成本影响:1200100%=0.5%单位成本影响:168167=1Visa-free policy brings Chengdu biz, tourism boost. Making national headlines several times, Chengdus 72-hour visa-free policy has attracted wide attention from both Chinese and for

20、eign experts and businessmen since it took effect on Sept 1 last year. The program permits citizens from 51 countries and regions including the United States, Australia, Canada and Japan who have valid visas and flight tickets to a third country to spend three days in the city. The capital of Sichua

21、n province is the first city in the western region of China to offer foreign tourists a three-day visa and the fourth nationwide to adopt the policy following Shanghai, Beijing and Guangzhou. Li Zhiyong, deputy dean of the tourism institute at Sichuan University, said the move contributes to a large

22、 increase in the number of overseas tourists and raises the citys level of internationalization. The policy will also bring direct economic revenue, Li said. Chengdu has many cultural legacies and is also a paradise for panda lovers with the worlds largest breeding and research center. Three days ar

23、e long enough for foreign visitors to visit those iconic tourist spots, he noted. The city is home to the remains of the Jin sha civilization that dates back more than 3,000 years as well as the Qing cheng Mountains and the Du jiang yan irrigation system. Qing cheng has long been recognized as the b

24、irthplace of Taoism, Chinas ancient indigenous religion, while Du jiang yan is considered to be the oldest functioning water-control project in the world. Chengdu ranked third in tourist facilities, management and services among 60 Chinese cities in a customer satisfaction survey released last year.

25、 But, Li added that efforts are still needed to develop more tourism products, improve English services and provide accurate translation of traffic signs and scenic billboards. Zhao Yun, chairwoman of British Chamber of Commerce Southwest China, told China Daily that his colleagues found the policy

26、very convenient. A British client once flew here and stayed for just one day to check her ordered goods, she said. Zhao was born in Shanxi province, but she has lived in Chengdu for more than 10 years. My life was like a running race moving from place to place. I also lived in Beijing and Shanghai b

27、efore, she said. But Chengdu is a place that you never want to leave once settling down. It is now my second hometown, she said. If the environment is further improved, the city will attract more people to visit and live, with the 72-hour visa-free policy and compelling conditions in transportation,

28、 culture, climate and cuisine, he said. Foreigners also gave positive feedback on the policy. A spokesman from Dell Inc said the company has a global hub of operation in Chengdu, so the three-day visa has an immediate and positive influence on the companys business development. Rudy Buttignol, presi

29、dent of the public broadcasting company in British Columbia, Canada, said his work requires frequent travel to Chengdu and the policy makes the trips easier. Data from the citys public security bureau shows some 100 foreign visitors enjoyed the 72-hour policy by the end of March, most of them from t

30、he United States, the United Kingdom and Germany. Chengdu also reported robust growth in its overall tourist industry last year. Official statistics show that it received some 150 million tourists last year, an increase of 28 percent from 2012. Around 1.7 million came from abroad, an increase of 12

31、percent. Total revenue from tourism surpassed 133 billion yuan ($21.7billion). During his visit to Kazakhstan in September, Chinese President Xi Jinping proposed that China and Central Asia join hands to build a Silk Road economic belt to boost cooperation. The idea has been widely echoed in Central

32、 Asian countries, becoming an encouraging blueprint for Chinese areas along the Silk Road that has linked Asia and Europe for more than 2,000 years. In the next three weeks, China Daily reporters will travel through the belt in China and in Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Turkey. They will show the progr

33、ess and expectations of the countries, businesses and peoples on the route. Shaanxi - the start of the ancient Silk Road - has positioned itself as the new starting point for the development of the Silk Road Economic Belt, which will strengthen Chinas cooperation with Central Asian countries, a seni

34、or official said. Shaanxi Governor Lou Qinjian said the province is fresh, rich and unique, as it was when it anchored one end of the ancient Silk Road. It is the best option for accommodating industrial transfers from East China or the world at large, he said on Wednesday in Xian.Lou held a joint i

35、nterview with 27 media, including China Daily, the first in a series of interviews entitled Chinese Media Along the Silk Road. The interviews will be in Shaanxi and Gansu provinces and the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, as well as Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Turkey.The media group held the first interview on Wednesday morning in Xian, the starting point of the ancient Silk Road, a trade channel established more than 2,000 years ago linking China, Central Asia and Europe.

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