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1、现代管理原理形成性考核册参考答案现代管理原理作业1一、理论分析题（40分）关于管理的含义，不同的管理学家有不同的解释。试叙述至少三种关于管理的定义。答：管理的概念是管理学中最基本的概念。由于管理活动的 广泛性和复杂性、研究的侧重点的不同，管理学家对其下的定义也不同。例如：泰罗认为：管理就是要确切地知道要别人干什么，并指导他们用最好、最经济的方法去干。法约尔认为：管理就是实行计划、组织、指挥、协调和控制。西蒙认为：管理就是决策。我们认为：管理是管理者为有效地达到组织目标，对组织资源和组织活动有意识、有组织、不断地进行的协调活动。现代管理原理作业2案例分析题一、案例 东方电力公司的计划工作1、答：
2、为了保证计划的有效性，任何计划工作都要有步骤地进行。完整的计划工作应包括：机会分析、确定计划、明确计划的前提条件、提出可供选择的方案、评价各种备选方案、计划分解、编制预算。2、答：有关计划的类型方面，可以建议公司按照计划的广度分类，将计划分为战略计划和作业计划。战略计划应用于整个组织，有高层管理人员根据总体发展的需要来制定，并通过确定使命、目标、方针来协调组织内部个部门的关系。作业计划以某项职能或活动为对象，有中低层管理人员根据战略计划的要求来制定，内容具体，操作性强。依本案例的具体情况，还可以按照组织管理职能进行分类。通常与组织中按照职能划分的部门相对应。那么，企业的各职能部门在战略计划的框
3、架下，制定本职能部门的具体计划。二、案例 把所有“鸡蛋”放在微波炉里1、答：战略是组织为了实现长期生存和发展，在综合分析组织内部条件和外部环境的基础上，作出的一系列全局性和长远性的谋划。战略是有组织最高管理层制定的，是企业家经营思想的集中体现。微波炉生产的技术在国外已经是成熟的。然而在国内却是曙光初现。在中国，微波炉市场将是一个基数小、发展速度快、潜力巨大的市场。为此，格兰仕果断进行了战略转移。投资到微波炉的行业中。2、答：格兰仕根据市场需求的变化，果断进行战略转移，大胆关闭了收入可观的羽绒服生产线，进入与原行业毫不相关的微波炉行业，确实是有魄力的决策。随后率先引进先进技术，有集中企业资源进行
4、技术和市场开发，使企业成长为全球最大规模的微波炉生产厂家。3、答：“将所有的鸡蛋都放进一个篮子里，然后看好这个篮子”，将这句话引入经营上，就是：选择一个有前景的行业，集中全部资源去发展，即实行专业化经营。这是中小企业经营战略的理想选择：在企业势力不强、内部资源不足的情况下，企业应优先选择单一行业甚至单一产品为重点，集中优势夺取市场地位，进而成为大企业。现代管理原理作业3一、理论分析题举例说明，领导者与管理者的区别。答：领导者与管理者的主要区别在于权力的来源。 管理者的权力来源于组织任命，其权力是正式的、合法的。 领导者的权力来源于两个方面：组织任命；自发产生，既可以不应用正式权力来影响他人。在
5、理想的情况下，所有的管理者都是领导者。（要求管理者具有利用非正式权力影响下属的能力）领导者不一定都是管理者。例：（课本第173页）乔治拉斯金是美国的一位中学老师。2001年9月，美国世贸大楼发生恐怖袭击后的几个小时乃至几天里，他成为极为重要的领袖。尽管他没有正式的职位，但是他凭借自己的冷静、智慧和知识，有条不紊地指挥着众多的志愿者，为处于灾难中的人们提供危机咨询服务，鼓励人们战胜恐惧，重塑生活的信心。乔治拉斯金就是一个典型的领导者而非管理者。现代管理原理作业4一、单项选择题1、C 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.D 6.C 7.C 8.D 9.B 10.D 11.C 12.A13. B 14.C
6、15.C 16.C 17.A 18.A 19.B 20.A二、多项选择题 1. ABC 2. ABC 3. ABCD 4.BD 5.BC 6.DBA 7.ACD 8. CD 9. ABCD 10.BC三、判断正误1、错 2、错 3、错 4、错 5、对 6、错 7、错 8、对 9、错 10、对11、错 12、对 13、错 14、对 15、错 16、对 17、错 18、错 19、错20、对四、案例分析案例一 文化到位找到新感觉1、答：随着经济体制改革的逐步深化，银华公司在企业管理和发展方面出现了严重困难。公司经过调查分析后认为，社会的巨大变革、企业生存空间和职工心态的变化，使得计划经济时代形成的理
7、念、制度、方法已经成为企业发展的桎梏。必须改革，把创建先进的企业文化引入经营管理。一直以来，公司把企业文化建设摆在头等位置，总经理说“在新世纪，拥有文化优势，也就拥有竞争优势”2、答：四川银华公司在企业文化建设上做了如下的工作： 认识明确；体制健全；方式灵活；投资到位。 所以，取得显著成绩。3、答：从20世纪80年代开始，企业文化引入我国，但直到现在，人们在认识上仍存在许多误区，如有人认为企业文化就是形象宣传，有的认为那只不过是做表面文章。 其实，企业文化最根本的是坚持“以人为本”。它的作用在于“让人心动”。如果企业的员工“心动”了，积极性调动起来了，企业就兴旺发达；如果让用户“心动”了，企业
8、产品就有了市场。 正是这样，许多企业家把企业文化建设看作是提升企业核心竞争力的重要途径。案例二 39滴焊料1、答：洛克菲勒找到的关键控制点就是“节约焊料” 由此制定出：39滴焊料是本公司各工厂每只油罐的统一规格。 从此事可以看出洛克菲勒从严管理、节俭治业的精神。2、答：控制工作的原则有：目标明确原则；控制关键点原则；及时性原则；灵活性原则；经济性原则等。 控制关键点原则要求管理者应将主要经理放在最为重要的事项、活动或环节上。从实际出发，因地制宜地找出和确定最能反映或体现工作成果的关键因素，以此制定合理的控制标准，并加以严密控制。还要关注那些关键点上的例外事件。Visa-free policy
9、brings Chengdu biz, tourism boost. Making national headlines several times, Chengdus 72-hour visa-free policy has attracted wide attention from both Chinese and foreign experts and businessmen since it took effect on Sept 1 last year. The program permits citizens from 51 countries and regions includ
10、ing the United States, Australia, Canada and Japan who have valid visas and flight tickets to a third country to spend three days in the city. The capital of Sichuan province is the first city in the western region of China to offer foreign tourists a three-day visa and the fourth nationwide to adop
11、t the policy following Shanghai, Beijing and Guangzhou. Li Zhiyong, deputy dean of the tourism institute at Sichuan University, said the move contributes to a large increase in the number of overseas tourists and raises the citys level of internationalization. The policy will also bring direct econo
12、mic revenue, Li said. Chengdu has many cultural legacies and is also a paradise for panda lovers with the worlds largest breeding and research center. Three days are long enough for foreign visitors to visit those iconic tourist spots, he noted. The city is home to the remains of the Jin sha civiliz
13、ation that dates back more than 3,000 years as well as the Qing cheng Mountains and the Du jiang yan irrigation system. Qing cheng has long been recognized as the birthplace of Taoism, Chinas ancient indigenous religion, while Du jiang yan is considered to be the oldest functioning water-control pro
14、ject in the world. Chengdu ranked third in tourist facilities, management and services among 60 Chinese cities in a customer satisfaction survey released last year. But, Li added that efforts are still needed to develop more tourism products, improve English services and provide accurate translation
15、 of traffic signs and scenic billboards. Zhao Yun, chairwoman of British Chamber of Commerce Southwest China, told China Daily that his colleagues found the policy very convenient. A British client once flew here and stayed for just one day to check her ordered goods, she said. Zhao was born in Shan
16、xi province, but she has lived in Chengdu for more than 10 years. My life was like a running race moving from place to place. I also lived in Beijing and Shanghai before, she said. But Chengdu is a place that you never want to leave once settling down. It is now my second hometown, she said. If the
17、environment is further improved, the city will attract more people to visit and live, with the 72-hour visa-free policy and compelling conditions in transportation, culture, climate and cuisine, he said. Foreigners also gave positive feedback on the policy. A spokesman from Dell Inc said the company
18、 has a global hub of operation in Chengdu, so the three-day visa has an immediate and positive influence on the companys business development. Rudy Buttignol, president of the public broadcasting company in British Columbia, Canada, said his work requires frequent travel to Chengdu and the policy ma
19、kes the trips easier. Data from the citys public security bureau shows some 100 foreign visitors enjoyed the 72-hour policy by the end of March, most of them from the United States, the United Kingdom and Germany. Chengdu also reported robust growth in its overall tourist industry last year. Officia
20、l statistics show that it received some 150 million tourists last year, an increase of 28 percent from 2012. Around 1.7 million came from abroad, an increase of 12 percent. Total revenue from tourism surpassed 133 billion yuan ($21.7billion). During his visit to Kazakhstan in September, Chinese Pres
21、ident Xi Jinping proposed that China and Central Asia join hands to build a Silk Road economic belt to boost cooperation. The idea has been widely echoed in Central Asian countries, becoming an encouraging blueprint for Chinese areas along the Silk Road that has linked Asia and Europe for more than
22、2,000 years. In the next three weeks, China Daily reporters will travel through the belt in China and in Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Turkey. They will show the progress and expectations of the countries, businesses and peoples on the route. Shaanxi - the start of the ancient Silk Road - has positione
23、d itself as the new starting point for the development of the Silk Road Economic Belt, which will strengthen Chinas cooperation with Central Asian countries, a senior official said. Shaanxi Governor Lou Qinjian said the province is fresh, rich and unique, as it was when it anchored one end of the an
24、cient Silk Road. It is the best option for accommodating industrial transfers from East China or the world at large, he said on Wednesday in Xian.Lou held a joint interview with 27 media, including China Daily, the first in a series of interviews entitled Chinese Media Along the Silk Road. The inter
25、views will be in Shaanxi and Gansu provinces and the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, as well as Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Turkey.The media group held the first interview on Wednesday morning in Xian, the starting point of the ancient Silk Road, a trade channel established more than 2,000 years ago linking China, Central Asia and Europe.3