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1、电大地域文化复习考试参考答案（试题）中原文化概论 试题（A）（开卷）一、填空题（共24分）1中原文化在自身的发展过程中逐渐形成了根源性、核心性、丰富性、 人文性 、散播性等一系列特点。2从自然地理特征上看，中原文化区域可分为“一山四水”的典型区域，即嵩山文化区、河洛文化区、黄淮文化区、 汉淮文化区 、河内文化区。 3豫中文化区的中心城市为新郑、 平顶山 、郑州和许昌。4南北朝时期，就诗人来说，有著名的“三大家族”，即谢氏家族、 江氏家族 和庾氏家族。5在中国书坛上，被称为“北方书圣”的是北魏时期的 郑道昭 。6在先秦时期，中原的道家代表人物主要有老子、 庄子 、关尹和列子。7儒家文化在中原的传
2、播和发展有两个黄金时期，一个是东汉，一个是 北宋 。8被孔子赞为“古之遗爱”的人物是 春秋 时期的郑国子产。9佛教在中原的繁荣阶段是在我国的 唐朝 时期。10墨家的政治思想主要体现在兼爱、 非攻 、尚贤、尚同方面。11农家的主要代表人物是 许行 。12中原有两处著名的世界人类文化遗产，一是安阳殷墟，一是洛阳 龙门石窟 。二、单项选择题（将正确答案的字母填在题干后面的括号内。20分）郑韩文化属于（ B ）豫东文化区 豫中文化区 豫西文化区 豫北文化区2被书坛誉为“行书鼻祖”的是（ B ）钟繇 刘德昇 蔡邕 褚遂良3.“画圣”吴道子为（ A ）唐阳翟人 晋涅阳人 隋汝南人 宋白波人4下列剧目属于清
3、官公案之类的是（ B ）秦香莲 抱烙柱 蝴蝶杯 反五关5有“我以不贪为宝”之美誉的人物是（ B ）商鞅 子罕 许衡 程颢6在灵宪中正确解释月食原理的是（ D ）张遂 李诫 玄奘 张衡7“医圣”张仲景为（ A ）东汉时期人 西晋时期人 隋代时期人 唐代时期人8下列礼节不属于婚日礼的是（ D ）添箱 暖房 送贺 合婚9名剎“少林寺”始建于（ C ）西晋时期 唐代时期 北魏时期 五代时期10下列书院不属于中原的是（ B ）应天府书院 白鹿洞书院 伊皋书院 紫阳书院三、名词解释（12分）中原物态文化:是指中原地区的物质生产活动方式及其产品的总和，是可观看和可触知的具有物质实体的文化事物。2文化区域 :
4、是一个区域的人们依赖特定的自然环境和历史人文地理环境，经过长期积淀所形成的具有独特个性的文化区域形态。3饮食文化：人们在饮食方面的创造行为及其成果，凡涉及食物原材料的加工制作和饮食活动中的科学技术，艺术，宗教以及饮食为基础的思想，哲学，习俗，礼仪等都在饮食文化的研究范围之内。四、简答题（20分）1中原民间艺术有着怎样的审美特征？ 答：（1）中原民间艺术的地域审美特征；（2）中原民间艺术的变异性审美特征；（3）中原民间艺术的传承性审美特征；（4）中原民间艺术的扩布性审美特征；（5）中原民间艺术的类型性审美特征。2中原佛教文化的基本精神是什么？答：从佛教传入中原的历史以及发展轨迹来看，中原佛教文化
5、应有如下几个基本精神，即理论创新、众生平等、和谐理念、因果报应等基本精神。3中原书院教育有着怎样的特点？答：（1）“兼容并蓄”“门户开放”；（2）注重自学；（3）质疑问难；（4）因材施教；（5）纪念先贤，传承学派；（6）刻印书籍，鼓励学术；（7）尊师爱生。五、论述题（ 24分） 1试述宋代中原儒家对儒家文化传播的贡献。答：宋代中原儒家以河北移居中原的邵雍，嵩县人程颢、程颐，河内人许衡等，尤为著名。邵雍与二程、周敦颐、张载，合称为“北宋五子”。 邵雍对易经极有研究，著有皇极经世、伊川击壤集、渔樵问对等。程颢、程颐合称“二程”，其学说程“洛学”，两人就学于周敦颐，提出“以仁为本”，“天者理也”和“
6、只心便是天，尽之便知性，知性便知天”的命题。认为“理”是万物之原，“穷理”即是探明人类社会之理，指出“格物”、“致知”，要求人们致和至于知止，诚意至于平天下。二程言论与著述由后人编成二程全书传世。有学者认为，程颢的思想是后来陆九渊“心学”的源头，程颐的思想则为朱熹“理学”的源头。许衡对宋儒的理学传播影响甚大，死后获得了从祀孔庙的殊荣。许衡的学术宗旨大体上是以朱熹之学为依归，强调进学的次序和践履力行。在为学方法上，他强调“慎思”，以为视之所见，听之所闻，一切都可归为依归“思”字，要“思无邪”。在理欲问题上，他以为天理就在人的心中，以为直求本心即可得天理。2应从哪些方面着手掌握中原文化大繁荣大发展
7、的主动权？答：以新的文化直觉他推动中原文化的大发展大繁荣，要求我们在以下几个方面付出艰苦的努力，才能掌握文化发展的主动权：（1）在“先进文化”引领方面更加主动；(2)深化改革，在形成新的体制机制上更加主动；（3）在加快培养，形成新的“人才方政”方面更加主动；（4）在文化投入方面更加主动；（5）在文化政策创新方面更加主动。请您删除一下内容，O(_)O谢谢！【Chinas 10 must-see animations】The Chinese animation industry has seen considerable growth in the last several years. It w
8、ent through a golden age in the late 1970s and 1980s when successively brilliant animation work was produced. Here are 10 must-see classics from Chinas animation outpouring that are not to be missed. Lets recall these colorful images that brought the country great joy. Calabash Brothers Calabash Bro
9、thers (Chinese: 葫芦娃) is a Chinese animation TV series produced byShanghaiAnimationFilmStudio. In the 1980s the series was one of the most popular animations in China. It was released at a point when the Chinese animation industry was in a relatively downed state compared to the rest of the internati
10、onal community. Still, the series was translated into 7 different languages. The episodes were produced with a vast amount of paper-cut animations. Black Cat Detective Black Cat Detective (Chinese: 黑猫警长) is a Chinese animation television series produced by the Shanghai Animation Film Studio. It is s
11、ometimes known as Mr. Black. The series was originally aired from 1984 to 1987. In June 2006, a rebroadcasting of the original series was announced. Critics bemoan the series violence, and lack of suitability for childrens education. Proponents of the show claim that it is merely for entertainment.
12、Effendi Effendi, meaning sir andteacher in Turkish, is the respectful name for people who own wisdom and knowledge. The heros real name was Nasreddin. He was wise and witty and, more importantly, he had the courage to resist the exploitation of noblemen. He was also full of compassion and tried his
13、best to help poor people. Adventure of Shuke and Beita【舒克与贝塔】 Adventure of Shuke and Beita (Chinese: 舒克和贝塔) is a classic animation by Zheng Yuanjie, who is known as King of Fairy Tales in China. Shuke and Beita are two mice who dont want to steal food like other mice. Shuke became a pilot and Beita
14、became a tank driver, and the pair met accidentally and became good friends. Then they befriended a boy named Pipilu. With the help of PiPilu, they co-founded an airline named Shuke Beita Airlines to help other animals. Although there are only 13 episodes in this series, the content is very compact
15、and attractive. The animation shows the preciousness of friendship and how people should be brave when facing difficulties. Even adults recalling this animation today can still feel touched by some scenes. Secrets of the Heavenly Book Secrets of the Heavenly Book, (Chinese: 天书奇谈)also referred to as
16、Legend of the Sealed Book or Tales about the Heavenly Book, was released in 1983. The film was produced with rigorous dubbing and fluid combination of music and vivid animations. The story is based on the classic literature Ping Yao Zhuan, meaning The Suppression of the Demons by Feng Menglong. Yuan
17、gong, the deacon, opened the shrine and exposed the holy book to the human world. He carved the books contents on the stone wall of a white cloud cave in the mountains. He was then punished with guarding the book for life by the jade emperor for breaking heavens law. In order to pass this holy book
18、to human beings, he would have to get by the antagonist fox. The whole animation is characterized by charming Chinesepainting, including pavilions, ancient architecture, rippling streams and crowded markets, which fully demonstrate the unique beauty of Chinas natural scenery. Pleasant Goat and Big B
19、ig Wolf【喜洋洋与灰太狼】 Pleasant Goat and Big Big Wolf (Chinese:喜羊羊与灰太狼) is a Chinese animated television series. The show is about a group of goats living on the Green Pasture, and the story revolves around a clumsy wolf who wants to eat them. It is a popular domestic animation series and has been adapted
20、 intomovies. Nezha Conquers the Dragon King（Chinese: 哪吒闹海）is an outstanding animation issued by the Ministry of Culture in 1979 and is based on an episode from the Chinese mythological novel Fengshen Yanyi. A mother gave birth to a ball of flesh shaped like a lotus bud. The father, Li Jing, chopped
21、open the ball, and beautiful boy, Nezha, sprung out. One day, when Nezha was seven years old, he went to the nearby seashore for a swim and killed the third son of the Dragon King who was persecuting local residents. The story primarily revolves around the Dragon Kings feud with Nezha over his sons
22、death. Through bravery and wit, Nezha finally broke into the underwater palace and successfully defeated him. The film shows various kinds of attractive sceneries and the traditional culture of China, such as spectacular mountains, elegant sea waves and exquisite ancient Chinese clothes. It has rece
23、ived a variety of awards. Havoc in Heaven The story of Havoc in Heaven（Chinese: 大闹天宫）is based on the earliest chapters of the classic storyJourney to the West. The main character is Sun Wukong, aka the Monkey King, who rebels against the Jade Emperor of heaven. The stylized animation and drums and p
24、ercussion accompaniment used in this film are heavily influenced byBeijingOpera traditions. The name of the movie became a colloquialism in the Chinese language to describe someone making a mess. Regardless that it was an animated film, it still became one of the most influential films in all of Asi
25、a. Countless cartoon adaptations that followed have reused the same classic story Journey to the West, yet many consider this 1964 iteration to be the most original, fitting and memorable, The Golden Monkey Defeats a Demon【金猴降妖】 The Golden Monkey Defeats a Demon (Chinese: 金猴降妖), also referred as The
26、 Monkey King Conquers the Demon, is adapted from chapters of the Chinese classics Journey to the West, or Monkey in the Western world. The five-episode animation series tells the story of Monkey King Sun Wukong, who followed Monk Xuan Zangs trip to the West to take the Buddhistic sutra. They met a w
27、hite bone evil, and the evil transformed human appearances three times to seduce the monk. Twice Monkey King recognized it and brought it down. The monk was unable to recognize the monster and expelled Sun Wukong. Xuan Zang was then captured by the monster. Fortunately Bajie, another apprentice of X
28、uan Zang, escaped and persuaded the Monkey King to come rescue the monk. Finally, Sun kills the evil and saves Xuan Zang. The outstanding animation has received a variety of awards, including the 6th Hundred Flowers Festival Award and the Chicago International Childrens Film Festival Award in 1989.
29、McDull【麦兜】 McDull is a cartoon pig character that was created inHong Kongby Alice Mak and Brian Tse. Although McDull made his first appearances as a supporting character in the McMug comics, McDull has since become a central character in his own right, attracting a huge following in Hong Kong. The f
30、irst McDull movie McMug Story My Life as McDull documented his life and the relationship between him and his mother.The McMug Story My Life as McDull is also being translated into French and shown in France. In this version, Mak Bing is the mother of McDull, not his father. （电大）地域文化 中原文化概论 试题A 第5页，共5页