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1、Getting Started Guide 入门指南From FreeSWITCH Wiki 从 FreeSWITCH 维基Jump to: 跳转到： 导航 ， 搜索The purpose of the following page is to instruct new users on how to configureFreeSWITCH in a basic way.以下网页的目的，是指导新用户如何配置 FreeSWITCH的一个基本方式。 It is also intended to provide people with a basic understanding of theconf
2、iguration files and how they are processed.这也是为了提供一个配置文件的基本了解的人以及他们如何处理。 If FreeSWITCH is not already installed on your system youshould read the .如果 FreeSWITCH不是已经安装在您的系统， 你应该阅读安装指南 。Thisguide is not intended to allow for more than a default configuration.本指南不打算让超过默认配置。 FreeSWITCH 布局FreeSWITCH has
3、a modular design. FreeSWITCH采用模块化设计。 This design allows itto be extended without breaking functionality or requiring massive recoding efforts.这种设计允许它在不破坏的功能或要求重新编写大量的努力延长。 Each module providesspecific functionality often commands that are related are grouped into one module.每个模块都提供特定的功能，往往是相关的命令是在一个
4、模块进行分组。 You will need toenable the modules that you desire based on their function.您将需要启用，你的愿望，根据他们的功能模块。 By default FreeSWITCH comes with a good set of modules loadedto enable most basic functionality.默认情况下 FreeSWITCH附带了一个良好的加载模块设置，使最基本墓堋ead up on the for more information.阅读上的更多信息， 配置的默认 。 配置The fo
5、llowing sections will show you each step that you will have to take to get afunctional system.下面的章节将告诉你每一步，你将不得不采取获得功能系统。 防火墙If you are going to route traffic across your network you need to ensure that youdo not have a firewall blocking traffic on the specified network paths.如果你想在您的网络传输流量，你需要确保你没有防
6、火墙阻止指定的网络路径流量。 Commonlyfirewalls are installed at egress points where your local network connects to theinternet.常见的防火墙是安装在出口点，在您的本地网络连接到互联网。 This is notalways the case in some corporate environments.这并不总是在一些企业环境的情况。 Ifyou are not responsible for your network you may wish to contact the group orindi
7、viduals that are for assistance.如果您没有为您的网络负责，您可能希望联络小组或个人的援助。Information they may need to enable traffic would include the port numbers.他们可能需要的信息，使交通将包括端口号。 Various protocols use different ports fordifferent things.各种协议的不同的使用不同的端口。 Some you need bi-directionalconnectivity some you only need outbound
8、.一些你需要的双向连接，有些你只需要出站。Depending on your call scenario you may only need to allow connections that areinitiated by your system. If you have any problems with protocols not working itis recommended that you disable your firewall to the FreeSWITCH system and placea test call and see if the problem persi
9、sts. Commonly people who have problems havea misconfigured firewall that is creating the problem.根据您的要求的情况你可能只需要允许该由你的系统发起的连接。 如果您有任何问题的协议不工作， 建议您禁用防火墙的FreeSWITCH系统和地点通话测试 ， 看看该问题仍然存在。 常见的有问题的人谁具有防火墙的配置错误是造成上述问题。 NetworkFireWall Ports 防 Protocol 网 Application Protocol 应用协议 Description 描述火墙中的端口 络协议17
10、19 UDP H.323 Gatekeeper RAS port1720 TCP H.323 Call Signalling Used for NAT traversal 用于 NAT 穿3478 UDP STUN service 越 Used for NAT traversal 用于 NAT 穿3479 UDP STUN service 越5002 TCP MLP protocol server5003 UDP Neighborhood service Used for SIP signalling Standard SIP Port for default Internal5060 UDP
11、 amp TCP SIP UAS Profile用于 SIP 信令（标准 SIP 端口， 默认内部资料） Used for SIP signalling For5070 UDP amp TCP SIP UAS default quotNATquot Profile用于为 SIP 信 令（对于默认“的 NAT”专页） Used for SIP signalling For5080 UDP amp TCP SIP UAS default quotExternalquot Profile用于为 SIP 信令（对于默认“外部”专页） RTP/ RTCP multimedia Used for audi
12、o/video data in SIP and16384-32768 UDP streaming other protocols 用于 SIP 音频/视频 数据中和其他协议数据 配置文件FreeSWITCH configuration data is stored in XML format. FreeSWITCH配置数据存储在XML 格式文件。 These files are located in the conf directory under the FreeSWITCHinstall directory.这些文件位于下 FreeSWITCHconf directory 的目录。 By
13、default on aUnix-like system this will be /usr/local/freeswitch/conf. 默认情况下，在 Unix 系统上，这将是/usr/local/freeswitch/conf。 There are preprocessor markup tags that tellthe configuration parser to perform tasks such as including other files which arecarried out before the XML is parsed.有预处理标记标签，告诉配置分析器来执行任
14、务，如包括其他文件，这是前进行的 XML 时，被解析。Folder 文件夹 Description 描述 These configuration files are loaded automatically into FreeSWITCH.这些配置autoload_configs 文件自动加载到 FreeSWITCH。 They contain configuration information for almost all core modules.它们包含了几乎所有的核心模块的配置信息。 This is the place where you setup your dialplan.这是你
15、的地方设置你的拨号规dialplan 则。 There are some examples of how to configure your dialplan included.有 如何配置您的拨号规则包括一些例子。 The directory contains all users that may register and use freeswitch as theirdirectory PBX.该目录包含所有的用户都可以登记，并以此为他们的 PBX freeswitch。 Jingle is the mod that FS uses to handle XMPP. 丁当是 FS 使用处理
16、XMPP 的 mod。jingle_profiles Profiles tells FS how to use the protocol. 档案文件告诉 FS 如何使用协议。 Each profile has its own ip port.每个配置文件有它自己的 IP 端口。 Tells FS how to say currency etc in different languages 告诉 FS 如何用不同的lang 语言 MRCP is used to allow FreeSWITCH to use speech recognition and TTS MRCP 是用mrcp_profi
17、les 来允许 FreeSWITCH 使用语音识别和语音合成 Tells FS how to talk sip. 告诉 FS 如何对话 SIP。 Each profile has its own port.sip_profiles 每个配置文件有它自己的端口。 配置 FreeSWITCHThis guide aims to explain the default configuration layout and how you configureit to your liking.本指南旨在解释默认配置的布局，以及如何配置它，你自己的喜好。 Readup on the for more inf
18、ormation.阅读配置的默认上的更多信息， 。This layout is in no way required you can minimize the configuration to just onefile if needed.这种布局在任何需要的方式，您可以配置，以最大限度地减少只是一个文件，如果需要的。 The main config file is called freeswitch.xml you dont need to changeit in any way it just loads all other config files.主要的配置文件被称为freeswitc
19、h.xml，你不必以任何方式改变它，它只是加载所有其他的配置文件。 vars.xmlvars.xml is used to define a couple of variables that are used system wide. vars.xml用于定义两个是使用的系统广泛的变量。 NOTICE you can not comment these X-PRE-PROCESSlines out.公告您不能注释这些 X-PRE-PROCESS 行。 They will still be active in an XMLcomment. 他们仍将 XML 注释中的活动。See for exam
20、ple.看例子 Config_vars.xmlIn the default configuration the vars.xml file is used to define some preprocessorvariables.在默认配置中 vars.xml 文件是用来定义一些预处理变量。 In a first time setupyou will most likely want to set:是在第一次安装最有可能想要设置： ltX-PRE-PROCESS cmdquotsetquot dataquotoutbound_caller_nameFreeSWITCHquot/gt ltX-P
21、RE-PROCESS cmdquotsetquot dataquotoutbound_caller_id8777423583quot/gt ltX-PRE-PROCESS cmdquotsetquot dataquotcall_debugfalsequot/gtdirectives for use in other portions of the configuration. 用于配置的其他部分中的指令。The default port of Freeswitch is also defined in Freeswitch 默认端口也被定义在里面ltparam namequotsip-port
22、quot valuequot5060quot /gt 自动加载配置autoload_configs is a directory where a lot of the freeswitch configuration resides.autoload_configs autoload_configs 是很多 freeswitch 配置文件保存的目录。 Thisdirectory is located in PREFIX/conf/autoload_configs. 这个目录位于PREFIX/conf/autoload_configs。 The default freeswitch.xml pr
23、eprocesses xml filesmatched by the glob conf/autoload_configs/.xml 默认 freeswitch.xml 预先处理（自动加载）conf/autoload_configs/.xml 里面匹配的 XML 文件 modules.conf.xmlSee for an example of modules.conf.xml.看一个 modules.conf.xml 的例子modules.conf.xml。modules.conf.xml tells freeswitch which modules to load. modules.conf
24、.xml 告诉freeswitch 加载哪些模块。 There are certain modules required for operation so youshould not edit this file unless you know that you wish to add or remove a specificmodule 有操作所需要的某些模块，因此你不能编辑这个文件，除非你知道你想添加或删除特定模块 sofia.conf.xmlmod_sofia is used to create SIP endpoints in FreeSWITCH. 模块 sofia 是用于创建 SI
25、P终端到 FreeSWITCH。 If you are familiar with Asterisk each SIP Profile in mod_sofiais similar to chan_sip in Asterisk though much more powerful.如果您熟悉 Asterisk，每个 mod_sofia 的 SIP 档案类似 Asterisk 的 chan_sip，但更强大。The sofia.conf.xml file contains a quotX-PRE-PROCESSquot directive that includes other XMLfiles
26、 within by default conf/sip_profiles/ that define one or more quotSIP Profilesquot.该 sofia.conf.xml 文件包含的quotX-PRE-PROCESSquot指令，其中包括其他 XML 文件（在默认情况下，conf/sip_profiles/），定义一个或多个“SIP 档案文件”。 A SIP Profile is a SIPUA User Agent or an endpoint which communicates with other SIP endpoints. 一个SIP UA （用户代理或
27、终结点） 与 SIP 的其他终结点进行通信的 SIP 的配置文件。A quotUser Agentquot quotUAquot is an application used for running a certain network protocol.“用户代理”（“ UA”）是运行在一定的网络协议使用的应用程序。 A Sofia User Agent isthe same thing but the protocol in that case is SIP.这个 Sofia 用户代理是同样的事情，但如果是在那应样的话协议是 SIP。 In FreeSWITCH terms User Age
28、nt UA SofiaProfile SIP Profile.在 FreeSWITCH 方面，User Agent UA Sofia Profile SIPProfile.。See for an example sofia.conf.xml.看例子 sofia.conf.xml Sofia_Configuration_Files。See also .另见 SIP 在维基百科网络元素 。 SIP 档案文件The SIP Profiles in FreeSWITCH can often lead to confusion. 在 FreeSWITCH SIP 的配置文件通常会导致混乱。 Unlike
29、 other softswitches like Asterisk FreeSWITCHallows you to handle media calls video etc. differently based on where theequipment is attached to your network.不同（如 Asterisk）其他软，不同的应用 FreeSWITCH允许您在处理不同的设备相连网络的媒体 电话，视频，等）。 This assists with securityas well as providing added functionality.这有助于安全，并提供额外的功
30、能。SIP Profiles allow you to define paths to devices or carriers that may live insideor outside your network. SIP 的配置文件可用于定义路径的设备或运营商可住内部或外部网络。 These paths can be of many different types but must consist of a uniquecombination of port and IP pairs.这些路径可以有许多不同的类型，但必须由一个端口和IP 对独特的组合。 You could have SIP
31、 profiles for your internal network or multipleprofiles for each subnet of your internal network or even completely differentprotocols like IPv6 as profile definitions.你可能对您的内部网络，即每您的内部网络，或者类似的文件定义甚至完全不同的 IPv6 协议的子网的 SIP 配置多个配置文件。This helpsFreeSWITCH identify how to route different types of calls wh
32、en necessary and alsogives you the flexibility to tailor your dialplans based on what path a call originatesto/from. 这可以帮助 FreeSWITCH 确定如何路线不同类型的要求必要时还能让你的灵活性以调整你的拨号方案基于路径的一个叫来源于/。In the sample configuration there are three default categories for where a SIP Profilecan reside.在示例配置有 3 个在一个 SIP 文件可以驻
33、留默认类别。Each profile is detailedbelow.每个配置文件的详细情况如下。SIP_ProfilesThe default profiles are quotinternalquot and quotexternalquot each serves a special purposeso it would be wise to understand what they do.默认配置文件是quotinternalquot andquotexternalquot “内部”和“外部”，都提供了特殊用途，所以明智的做法是了解他们所做的事情。内部File Location: P
34、REFIX/conf/sip_profiles/internal.xml 文件位置：PREFIX/conf/sip_profiles / internal.xmlThis profile generally refers to devices that reside on your internal network.此配置文件通常是指设备驻留在您的内部网络。 Those devices will inherit allconfiguration options in the internal profile you setup.这些设备将继承内部文件的所有配置选项设置。 This is typ
35、ically your internal phones with extensions.这通常是与扩展您的内部电话。 By default these devices must use SIP authentication.默认情况下，这些设备必须使用 SIP 认证。The Internal formerly called quotdefaultquot SIP profile is configured to listen on theprimary IP address of the machine unless you set domain to something else invar
36、s.xml on port 5060 the default SIP port.内部（以前称为quotdefaultquot）的 SIP 配置文件被配置为侦听的主 IP 地址的机器 （除非您设置域domain的东西在 vars.xml 其他）在端口 5060（默认 SIP 端口）。 The internal SIP profile does authenticate calls andis not suitable for configuring trunks to providers or outside phones in most casesie use the External pro
37、file for configuring trunks to providers or outside phones.内部的 SIP （例如，使用外部配置文件的配置中继或外部电话）。The Internal profile should be used if you intend on handling registration for sipclients ie a SIP registrar.内部配置文件应使用如果您在处理 SIP 客户端注册的打算 （即SIP 注册）。 You may wish to skip to the section to configure additional
38、sip clients.你可能希望跳到 Getting_Started_Guidedirectory 配置部分另外的的 SIP 客户端。Authenticated users of this profile are normally set via the variable user_contextto use the dialplan defined in .这个文件验证的用户通常设置（通过变量 user_context）使用 default context.定义的拨号规则。See 见 Config_default.xml外部File Location: PREFIX/conf/sip_pr
39、ofiles/external.xml 文件位置：PREFIX/conf/sip_profiles / external.xmlThis profile generally refers to devices or gateways that reside outside of yournetwork.此配置文件，一般是指设备或网关外的网络。 Generally this is where you defineyour external trunks/VoIP carriers/etc.通常这是您定义您的外部中继线/ VoIP 运营商/等。 Again those devices will i
40、nherit all configuration options in the externalprofile you setup.同样，这些设备将继承在外部配置文件的所有配置选项设置。The External formerly quotoutboundquot profile handles outbound registrations to a SIPprovider.外部（先前quotoutboundquot） SIP 配置文件处理出站登记， 的供应商。 The SIP providersends calls to you and you send calls to your provi
41、der through the external profile.供应商发送的 SIP 要求你，你调用发送到您的提供商， 通过外部形象。 The external profileallows anonymous calling which is required as your provider will never authenticatewith you to send you a call.外部配置文件允许匿名电话，这是你的供应商需要将永远与您进行身份验证向您发出的呼吁。In order to secure your FreeSWITCH it is wise to link your outbound profile to adialplan context other than default which in the default configuration is the whereauthenticated users are placed.为了获取您的 FreeSWITCH 与拨号方案的安全，您的向外去外形除缺省之外是明智的，它在默认配置是在身份验证的用户的位置。NOTE: The default port for external connections is 5080. 注意：为外部连接的默认端口是 5080。 This also mean.